2021年06月四级真题第1套【可复制可划线查词】.pdf

2021 6 JJ*iftl!Qil:1fjJtl!(-)Part I Writing(30 minutes)i .!kffiApp!3HF Directions:For this pa.rt,you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay titled Are people becoming addicted to technology?.The statement given below is for your reference.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Numerous studies claim that addiction to technology is real and it has the same effect on the brain as drug addiction.Part Il Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)Section A Directions:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report yon have just heard.1.A)Enrolhim in a Newcastle football club.C)Forbid him to draw in his workbook.B)Send him to an after-school art class.D)Help him post his drawings online.2.A)Contacted Joe to decorate its dining-room.B)Hired Joe to paint all the walls of its buildings.C)Renovated its kitchen and all the dining-rooms.D)Asked Joe for permission to use his online drawings.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report yon have just heard.3.A)Get her pet dog back.C)Identify the suspect on the security video.B)Beg for help from the police.D)Post pictures of her pet dog on social media.4.A)It is suffering a great deal from the incident.B)It is helping the police with the investigation.C)It is bringing the case to the local district court.D)It is offering a big reward to anyone who helps.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report yon have just heard.5.A)Provide free meals to the local poor.C)Help eliminate class difference in his area.B)Help people connect with each other.D)Provide customers with first-class service.6.A)It does not supervise its employees.C)It does not use volunteers.B)It donates regularly to a local charity.D)It is open round the clock.Im 2021 1 6 1 7.A)They will realise the importance of communication.B)They will come to the cafe even more frequently.C)They will care less about their own background.D)They will find they have something in common.Section B Directions:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you willhear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)A surprise party for Pauls birthday.C)Preparations for Saturdays get-together.B)Travel plans for the coming weekend.D)The new market on the other side of town.9.A)It makes the hostesss job a whole lot easier.B)It enables guests to walk around and chat freely.C)It saves considerable time and labor.D)It requires fewer tables and chairs.10.A)It offers some big discounts.C)It is more spacious and less crowded.B)It is quite close to her house.D)It sells local wines and soft drinks.11.A)Cook a dish for the party.C)Prepare a few opening remarks.B)Arrive 10 minutes earlier.D)Bring his computer and speakers.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)For commuting to work.B)For long-distance travel.13.A)They are reliable.B)They are compact.14.A)Buy a second-hand car.-t Tlll_s!her ownjudge_!lt.15.A)He sells new cars.B)He can be trusted.Section C C)For getting around in Miami.D)For convenience at weekends.C)They are spacious.D)They are easy to drive.C)Seek advice from his friend.D)Look around before deciding.-C)He is starting a business.D)He is a successful car dealer.Directions:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)Many escaped from farms and became wild.B)They were actually native to North America.C)Many got killed in the wild when searching for food.D)They were hunted by Spanish and Russian explorers.17.A)They often make sudden attacks on people.B)They break up natures food supply chain.C)They cause much environmental pollution.D)They carry a great many diseases.fil20216J=j 2 18.A)They lived peacefully with wild pigs.C)They fell victim to eagles.B)They ran out of food completely.D)They reproduced quickly.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Taste coffee while in outer space.C)Develop a new strain of coffee bean.B)Roast coffee beans in outer space.D)Use a pressurised tank to brew coffee.20.A)They can easily get burned.C)They have to be heated to 36DC.B)They float around in the oven.D)They receive evenly distributed heat.21.A)They charged a high price for their space-roasted coffee beans.B)They set up a branch in Dubai to manufacture coffee roasters.C)They collaborated on building the first spacC;!coffee machine.D)They abandoned the attempt to roast coffee beans in space.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)It is the best time for sightseeing.C)They come to clean the Iditarod Trail.B)A race passes through it annually.23.A)Its childrens baking skills.B)Its unique winter scenery.24.A)The contestants.B)The entire village.25.A)She owned a restaurant in Idaho.B)She married her husband in 1972.Part Section A Reading Comprehension D)It is when the villagers choose a queen.C)Its tasty fruit pies.D)Its great food variety.C)Jan Newton and her friends.D)People from the state of Idaho.C)She went to Alaska to compete in a race.D)She helped the village to become famous.(40 minutes)Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Most animals seek shade when temperatures in the Sahara Desert soar to 120 degrees Fahrenheit.But for the Saharan silver ant,_1L from their underground nests into the suns brutal rays to _JJ_ for food,this is the perfect time to seek lunch.In 2015 these ants were joined in the desert by scientists from two Belgian universities,who spent a month in the heat tracking the ants and digging out their nests.The goal was simple,to discover how the adapted to the kind of heat that can melt the bottom of shoes.Back in Belgium,the scientists looked at the ants under an electronic microscope and found that their _l!_,triangular hair reflects light like a prism(4.t),giving them a metallic reflection and protecting them from the suns awful heat.When Ph.D.student Quentin Willot 32 the hair from an ant with a knife and put it under a heat lamp,its temperature jumped.The ants method of staying cool is _l!_ among animals.Could this reflective type of hair protect people?Willot says companies are interested in _lL these ants method of heat protection for human use,including everything from helping to protect the lives of firefighters to keeping homes cool in summer.Im 20211 6 J 3 A)adaptingB)consciouslyC)crawlingD)crowdedE)extremeSection B F)huntG)literallyH)moderateI)remoteJ)removedK)speciesL)specimensM)thickN)tiny0)uniqueDirections:In this section,you are going to reaa a passage with ten statements attached to it.&eh statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.&eh paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The start of high school doesnt have to be stressful A)This month,more than 4 million students across the nation will begin high school.Many will do well.But many will not.Consider that nearly two-thirds of students will experience the ninth-gradeshock,which refers to a dramatic drop in a students academic performance.Some students cope withthis shock by avoiding challenges.For instance,they may drop difficult coursework.Others mayexperience a hopelessness that results in failing their core classes,such as English,science and math.B)This should matter a great deal to parents,teachers and policymakers.IBtimately it should matter tothe students themselves and society at large,because students experience of transitioning(lii./t)tothe ninth grade can have long-term consequences not only for the students themselves but for theirhome communities.We make these observations as research psychologists who have studied howschools and families can help young people thrive.C)In the new global economy,students who fail to finish the ninth grade with passing grades.in collegepreparatory coursework are very unlikely to graduate on time and go on to get jobs.One study hascalculated that the lifetime benefit to the local economy for a single additional student who completeshigh school is half a million dollars or more.This is based on higher earnings and avoided costs inhealth care,crime,welfare dependence and other things.D)The consequences of doing poorly in the ninth grade can impact more than students ability to find agood job.It can also impact the extent to which they enjoy life.Students lose many of the friends theyturned to for support when they move from the eighth to the ninth grade.One study of ninth-gradestudents found that 50 percent of friendships among ninth graders changed from one month to thenext,signaling striking instability in friendships.E)In addition,studies find the first year of high school typically shows one of the greatest increases indepression of any year over the lifespan.Researchers think that one explanation is that ties to friendsare broken while academic demands are rising.Furthermore,most adult cases of clinical depressionfirst emerge in aaolescence(-t$-J.Jl).The World Health Organization reports that depression has thegreatest burden of disease worldwide,in terms of the total cost of treatment and the loss ofproductivity.F)Given all thats riding on having a successful ninth grade experience,it pays to explore what can bedone to meet the academic,social and emotional challenges of the transition to high school.So far,our studies have yielded one main insight:Students beliefs about change-their beliefs about whetherpeople are stuck one way forever,or whether people can change their personalities and abilities-arell!J 2021 1j:.6 JJ 4 related to their ability to cope,succeed academically and maintain good mental health.Past research has called these beliefs mindsets(,if!:tl),with a fixed mindset referring to the belief that people cannot change and a growth mindset referring to the belief that people can change.G)In one recent study,we examined 360 adolescents beliefs about the nature of smartness-that is,their fixed mindsets about intelligence.We then assessed biological stress responses for students whosegrades were dropping by examining their stress hormones(1if t).Students who believed thatintelligence is fixed-that you are stuck being not smart if you struggle in school-showed higherlevels of stress hormones when their grades were declining at the beginning of the ninth grade.Ifstudents believed that intelligence could improve-that is to say,when they held more of a growthmindset of intelligence-they showed lower levels of stress hormones when their grades weredeclining.This was an exciting result because it showed that the bodys stress responses are notdetermined solely by ones grades.Instead,declining grades only predicted worse stress hormonesamong students who believed that worsening grades were a permanent and hopeless state of affairs.H)We also investigated the social side of the high school transition.In this study,instead of teachingstudents that their smartness can change,we taught them that their social standing-that is,whetherthey are bullied or excluded or left out-can change over time.We then looked at high school studentsstress responses to daily social difficulties.That is,we taught them a growth mindset about their sociallives.In this study,students came into the laboratory and were asked to give a public speech in front ofupper-year students.The topic of the speech was what makes one popular in high school.Followingthis,students had to complete a difficult mental math task in front of the same upper-year students.I)Experiment results showed that students who were not taught that people can change showed poorstress responses.When these students gave the speech,their blood vessels contracted and their heartspumped less blood through the body-both responses that the body shows when it is preparing fordamage or defeat after a physical threat.Then they gave worse speeches and made more mistakes inmath.But when students were taught that people can change,they had better responses to stress,inpart because they felt like they had the resources to deal with the demanding situation.Students whogot the growth mindset intervention(f-fi)showed less-contracted blood vessels and their heartspumped more blood-both of which contributed to more oxygen getting to the brain,and,ultimately,better performance on the speech and mental math tasks.J)These findings lead to several possibilities that we are investigating further.First,e are working toreplicate(i.11itJ)these findings in more diverse school communities.We want to know in which typesof schools and for which kinds of students these growth mindset ideas help young people adapt to thechallenges of high school.We also hope to learn how teachers,parents or school counselors can helpstudents keep their ongoing academic or social difficulties in perspective.We wonder what wouldhappen if schools helped to make beliefs about the potential for change and improvement a largerfeature of the overall school culture,especially for students starting the ninth grade.36.The number of people experiencing depression shows a sharp increase in the first year of high school.37.According to one study,students academic performance is not the only decisive factor of their stressresponses.38.Researchers would like to explore further how parents and schools can help ninth graders by changingtheir mindset.39.According to one study,each high school graduate contributes at least 500,OOO dollars to the localeconomy.fill 2021 6 JI 5-40.In one study,students were told their social position in school is not unchangeabl