2016年12月六级（第二套）答案及解析.pdf

2016年12月大学英语六级考试答案与解析（第2套）Part I Writing【范文】Throughout the ages,we have concluded a number of factors that contribute to success,among which is creation.Just as the saying goes,There is no doubt that creation is the mostimportant human resource of all.Not only is creation the force driving economy and society toadvance,but it is also essential to the development of individuals.Those who often come upwith new ideas often turn out to be easy to achieve success while a man who always sticks tohabit and experience can hardly create new things.In terms of giving measures to encourage creation,I will list the following ones.On theone hand,the public are expected to realize the significance of creation,so the social mediashould play its due role in advocating the value of innovation and encouraging the public tocultivate awareness of creation.On the other hand,those who are equipped with creativethinking deserve some kind of praise,both materially and spiritually.Creation has been a hot word for a long time and we cannot emphasize the importance ofcreation too much.Therefore,we should spare no effort to learn knowledge as much as possibleto prepare ourselves to be creative people.Part II Listening Comprehension15:CCABC610 ADACD1115:BBDAB1620 DBCBD2125:CAADDSection AConversation OneM:Guess what?The worst food Ive ever had was in France.W:Really?Thats odd.(1)I thought the French were all good cooks.M:Yes.Thats right.I suppose its really like anywhere else,though.You know,some placesare good.Some bad.But its really all our own fault.W:What do you mean?M:Well,it was the first time Id been to France.This was years ago when I was at school.(2)I went there with my parentsfriends,from my fathers school.Theyd hired a coach totake them to Switzerland.W:A school trip?M:Right.Most of them had never been abroad before.Wed crossed the English Channel atnight,and we set off through France,and breakfast time arrived,and the coach driver hadarranged for us to stop at this little cafe.There we all were tired and hungry,and then wemade the great discovery.W:What was that?M:Bacon and eggs.W:Fantastic!The real English breakfast.2016一12六级试题（第2套）第12页（共22页）M:Yes.Anyway,we didnt know any better-so we had it,and ugh.!W:What was it like?Disgusting?M:Oh,it was incredible!They just got a bowl and put some fat in it.And then they put somebacon in the fat,broke an egg over the top and put the whole lot in the oven for about tenminutes.W:In the oven!Youre joking.You cant cook bacon and eggs in the oven!M:Well.They must have done it that way.It was hot,but it wasnt cooked.There was justthis egg floating about in gallons of fat and raw bacon.W:(3-1)Did you actually eat it?M:(3-2)No!Nobody did.They all wanted to turn round and go home.You know,back to te-abags and fish and chips.You cant blame them really.Anyway,the next night we were allgiven another foreign speciality.W:What was that?M:(4)Snails.That really finished them off.Lovely holiday that was!1.What did the woman think of the French?2.Who did the man travel with on his first trip to Switzerland?3.What does the man say about the breakfast at the little French cafe?4.What did the man think of his holiday in France?Conversation TwoM:(5)You say your shop has been doing well.Could you give me some idea of what doingwellmeans in facts and figures?W:Well,doing wellmeans averaging f1,200 or more a week for about 7 years,makingalmost a quarter of a million pounds.And doing wellmeans your earnings are rising.Lastyear,we did slightly over 50,000 and this year,we hope to do more than 60,000.So,thats good if we continue to rise.M:Now,thats gross earnings,I assume.What about your expenses?W:Yes,thats gross.The expenses,of course,go up steadily.And since weve moved to thisnew shop,the expenses have increased greatly,because its a much bigger shop.So Icouldnt say exactly what our expenses are.They are something in the region of six orseven thousand pounds a year,which is not high.(6)Commercially speaking,its fairlylow,and we try to keep our expenses as low as we can.M:(7)And your prices are much lower than the same goods in shops round about.How do thelocal shopkeepers feel about having a shop doing so well in their midst?W:Perhaps a lot of them dont realize how well we are doing,because we dont make a point ofpublicizing.That was a lesson we learned very early on.(8)We were very friendly with alllocal shopkeepers and we happened to mention to a local shopkeeper how much we hadmade that week.He was very unhappy and never as friendly again.So we make a point ofnever publicizing the amount of money we make.But we are on very good terms with allthe shops.None of them have ever complained that we are putting them out of business oranything like that.I think its a nice friendly relationship.Maybe if they did know what wemade,perhaps they wouldnt be so friendly.5.What are the speakers mainly talking about?2016一12六级试题（第2套）第13页（共22页）Overall,the total number of centenarians is going up.In 2014,there were 72,197centenarians,compared to 50,281 in 2000.But because this population is getting larger,thenumber of deaths in this group is also increasing-18,434 centenarians died in 2000,whereas25,914 died in 2014.13.What does the speaker say about the risk of dying for American centenarians in recent years?14.What does the speaker say about Alzheimers disease?15.What is characteristic of people who live up to 100 years and beyond?Section CRecording OneOkay.So lets get started.And to start things off I think what we need to do is consider adefinition.(16).Im going to define what love is but then most of the experiments Im going totalk about are really focused more on attraction than love.And Im going to pick a definitionfrom a former colleague,Robert Sternberg,who is now the dean at Tufts University but washere on our faculty at Yale for nearly thirty years.And he has a theory of love that argues thatits made up of three components:intimacy,passion,and commitment,or what is sometimescalled decision commitment.And these are relatively straightforward.He argued that you donthave love if you dont have all three of these elements.Intimacy is the feeling of closeness,of connectedness with someone,of bonding.Operationally,you could think of intimacy as you share secrets,you share information withthis person that you dont share with anybody else.Okay.Thats really what intimacy is,thebond that comes from sharing information that isnt shared with other people.The secondelement is passion.Passion is the drive that leads to romance.You can think of it as physicalattraction.And Sternberg argues that this is a required component of a love relationship.Thethird element of love in Sternbergs theory is what he calls decision commitment,the decisionthat one is in a love relationship,the willingness to label it as such,and a commitment tomaintain that relationship at least for some period of time.(17)Sternberg would argue its notlove if you dont call it love and if you dont have some desire to maintain the relationship.So ifyou have all three of these,intimacy,passion and commitment,in Sternbergs theory you havelove.(18)Now whats interesting about the theory is what do you have if you only have one outof three or two out of three.What do you have and how is it different if you have a different twoout of three?Whats interesting about this kind of theorizing is it gives rise to many differentcombinations that can be quite interesting when you break them down and start to look themcarefully.So what Ive done is Ive taken Sternbergs three elements of love,intimacy,passionand commitment,and Ive listed out the different kinds of relationships you would have if youhad zero,one,two or three out of the three elements.16.What does the speaker say about most of the experiments mentioned in his talk?17.What does Robert Sternberg argue about love?18.What question does the speaker think is interesting about Sternbergs three elements oflove?Recording TwoHi!I am Elizabeth Hoffler,Master of Social Work.I am a social worker,a lobbyist,anda special assistant to the executive director at the National Association of Social Workers.(19)2016-12六级试题（第2套）第15页（共22页）Today we are going to be talking about becoming a social worker.Social work is the helpingprofession.(20)Its primary mission is to enhance human well-being and help meet the basicneeds of all people,with a particular focus on those who are vulnerable,oppressed,and livingin poverty.We often deal with complex human needs.Social work is different from otherprofessions,because we focus on the person and environment.We deal with the external factorsthat impact a persons situation and outlook.And we create opportunity for assessment andintervention,to help clients and communities cope effectively with their reality and change thatreality when necessary.In thousands of ways social workers help other people,people from every age,everybackground,across the country.Wherever needed,social workers come to help.The mostwell-known aspect of the profession is that of a social safety net.We help guide people tocritical resources and counsel them on life-changing decisions.(21)There are more than 600,000 professional social workers in the country,and we all either have a bachelors degree,amasters degree,or a PhD in Social Work.There are more clinically trained social workers thanclinically trained psychiatrists,psychologists,and psychiatric nurses combined.Throughout this series you will learn more about the profession,the necessary steps to geta social work degree,the rich history of social work,and the many ways that social workershelp others.Later in this series,you will hear from Stacy Collins and Mel Wilson,fellow socialworkers at the National Association of Social Workers.Stacy is going to walk you through thestep-by-step process of becoming a social worker,and(22)Mel will tell you about the range ofoptions you have once you get your social work degree,as well as the high standards ofresponsibility the social workers must adhere to.The National Association of Social Workers represents nearly 145,000 social workersacross the country.Our mission is to promote,protect,and advance the social work profession.We hope you enjoy this series about how you can make a difference by becoming a socialworker.Next,we are going to talk about choosing social work.19.What does the speaker mainly talk about?20.What do social workers mainly do?21.What do professional social workers have in common,according to the speaker?22.What is Mel Wilson going to talk about in the series?Recording ThreeToday,Id like to talk about,what happens when celebrity role models get behind healthyhabits,but at the same time,promote junk food.(23)Currently,theres mounting criticism ofMichelle Obamas“Lets Move!campaign,which fights childhood obesity by encouragingyoungsters to become more physically active,and has signed on singer Beyonce and basketballplayer Shaquille ONeal,both of whom also endorse sodas,which are a major contributor tothe obesity epidemic.Now theres a lot more evidence of how powerful a celebrity-especiallya professional athlete-can be in influencing childrens behavior.In a report published by the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale University,researchers studied 100 professional athletes and their endorsement contracts.The team focusedon athletes since they are theoretically the best role models for active,healthy lifestyles forchildren.After sorting the deals by category,they determined that among the 512 brands2016-12六级试题（第2套）第16页（共22页）associated with the athletes,most involved sporting goods,followed closely by food andbeverage brands.Sports drinks,which are often high in sugar and calories made up most of the food anddrink deals,with soft drinks and fast food filling out the remainder.Of the 46 beveragesendorsed by professional athletes,93%relied exclusively on sugar for all of their calories.Its no surprise that high-profile athletes can influence childrens eating behaviors,but thescientists were able to quantify how prevalent these endorsements are in the childrensenvironment.Advertisements featuring professional athletes and their endorsed products tendto get impressive exposure on TV,radio,in print and online.(24)And in 2010,theresearchers reported that children ages 12 to 17 saw more athlete-endorsed food and beveragebrand commercials than adults.One reason any campaign wants a popular celebrity spokesperson is because kids areattracted to them no matter what they are doing.We cant expect kids to turn off thatadmiration when the same person is selling sugar.At best,kids might be confused.At worst,theyll think the messages about soda are the same as the messages about water,but those twobeverages arent the same.(25)If children are turning to athletes as role models,its in their best interest if their idolsare consistent.Consistent messaging of positive behaviors will show healthier lifestyles for kidsto follow.23.What is the aim of Michelle Obamas campaign?24.What does research find about advertisements featuring professional athletes?25.What does the speaker think kidsidols should do?Part III Reading Comprehension2630:OMDKH3135:LEFBG3640:JCEGD4145:IBHQL4650:DABAC5155:ADCBDSection A有自己特色的小型社区这里生活稳定且十分人性化正逐渐消失。一些已经从地球上(26)消失了，一些正慢慢地消亡，但它们全都在接触到不断(28)扩展的机械文明过程中(27)经历了变化。不同类型的人融入普通人群中，同时造成了少数群体成员与普通大众成员之间的紧张关系。阿米什人，殖民时期来到美国，住在独特的、小型的社区，(29)幸存于现在世界中。他们比其他种族更成功地抵抗住了同化(30)过程。在播种以及收割季节，可以看到长胡子男人牵着马在田间劳作，而妇女将衣物整齐地晾晒在晾衣绳上。许多美国人在火车或汽车(31)站，见过的阿米什人家庭，男人戴宽沿的黑色帽子，妇女穿着长裙。虽然阿米什人与(32)工业化的美国一起生活了两个半世纪，但他们减弱了美国对他们个人生活、家庭、社区以及价值观的影响。阿米什人通常被其他美国人(33)视为历史的遗迹，他们过着简单、固定的生活，坚守着繁琐的、过时的习俗。人们认为他们抛弃了现代(34)便利和成功发达的美国梦。但大多数人对阿米什人守旧的做事方式没有异议。战争时期，容忍他们拒服兵役。毕竟，他们是(35)践行勤奋与节俭美德的优秀的农民。26.O)空格位于句子的谓语动词位置，在have之后，据此判断应填动词的过去分词形式，且此动词应为不及物动词。根据句意“一些已经从地球上了，另一些”可知，答案为O)vanished“消失”。在备选项中，perceived意为“把看作，认为”，survived意为“幸存，生还”，undergone意为“经受，经历”，均不符合文意，故排除。27.M)空格位于句子的谓语动词位置，处于have之后，据此判断应填动词的过去分词形式，且此动词应为及物2016-12六级试题（第2套）第17页（共22页）