2022年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第3套）.pdf

2022 年年 12 月月大大学学英英语语六六级级考考试试真真题题（第第 3 套套）Part IWriting(30 minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with thesentence“With the application of information technology in education,college students cannow learn in more diverse and efficient ways.”You can make statements,give reasons,or citeexamples to develop your essay.You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200wordsPartListening Comprehension(30 minutes)特殊说明：由于多题多卷，官方第三套真题的听力试题与第二套真题的一致，只是选项顺序不同，因此，本套试卷不再提供听力部分。Part IIIReading Comprehension(40 minutes)SectionADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select oneword for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more thanonce.American colleges and universities are using 64 percent less coal than they did a decadeago,burning 700,000 tons last year,down from 2 million tons in 2008,the U.S.EnergyInformation Administration(EIA)said in a report26yesterday.All 57 schools that were burning coal in 2008 are using less now,and 20 have27coal completely,EIA found.Most universities have turned to natural gas as a28,with state funding backingthe fuel switch.While academic institutions use less than 0.1 percent of U.S.coal burned for power,campus coal use has a history dating back to the 1800s when29to power was scarce.Many universities still operate their own power plants.The Public Utility RegulatoryPolicies Act of 1978 encouraged more electricity generation by allowing institutions to sell30power to utilities.But EIA noted many coal-fired universities have signed onto the American College andUniversity Presidents Climate Commitment,which was launched in 2007.About 665 schools are part of the program,which aims to31greenhouse gasemissions.Thirty percent of the participants have pledged to be carbon32within 20years.The Sierra Clubs Beyond Coal campaign,which also leads campaigns for universities towithdraw their33in coal and other fossil fuels,lists 22 schools that have pledged tomove“beyond coal,”includingClemson University,Indiana University,Ohio University,Penn State University,theUniversity of Louisville and the University of Tennessee,Knoxville.The largest coal use34at colleges were in Michigan,Missouri,Tennessee andIndiana.Indianas universities alone cut coal35by 81 percent between 2008 and2015.During the same period,Michigan made an 80 percent cut and Tennessee cut back by 94percent at state institutions.Section BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Eachparagraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 2.Classical music aims to evolve,build audiences without alienating old guardA)In 1913,classical music sparked a riot in Paris.Igor Stravinsky was introducing hisrevolutionary“Rite of Spring”ballet to the world,with its discordant melodies andunorthodox choreography(编舞),and the purists in the crowd expressed their disapprovalloud and clear.It might have been classical musics version of the time Bob Dylan wentelectric at the Newport Folk Festival.“The noise,fighting,and shouting in the audiencegot so loud,”NPRs music reporter Miles Hoffff man said of the Stravinsky debut,“thatthe choreographer had to shout out the numbers to the dancers so that they knew whatthey were supposed to do.”B)Its difficult to imagine a similar disturbance occurring today within Americas sacredsymphony halls.In fact,its hard to picture any kind of disruptive activity at all(unlesssomeones cell phone happens to go off and then youd better watch your back).Amannerly aura(氛围)hangs over most classical proceedings,and many of the genresbiggest supporters would have it no other way.C)Today,Western audiences for classical music and opera and ballet are almost always welldressed,older,respectful,achingly silent and often very wealthy(one has to be able toafford most tickets).But as many of Americas most storied“highbrow”(高 雅 的)A)abandonedF)investmentsK)releasedB)accessG)mobilizedL)replacementC)consumptionH)negligentM)slashD)contriveI)neutralN)surplusE)duplicationsJ)reductionsO)voidinstitutions struggle financiallythe Philadelphia Orchestras much-publicized reboundfrom bankruptcy is just one recent exampleclassical music fans and theorists arewondering how the medium can weave itself into the 21st centurys cultural fabricwithout sacrificing its integrity.D)For example,should we feel OK“clapping”during classical music events,even if nobodyelse is?Why shouldnt we cheer for something great,like we do at a rock concert?TheHuffington Post recently ran a Great Debate on this issue and many commenters came outon the side of silence.“There is no more rewarding experience in life than being part of anaudience where everybody is leaning forward in silence,thoroughly carried away by agreat performance of a masterpiece,”one commenter wrote.“Why is it so difficult forfolks to develop an appreciation and understanding for the mannerisms and traditions ofclassical music?”asked another.E)The truth is that classical music audiences werent always so polite.Robert Greenberg,anaward-winning composer,said that when Beethoven first performed his 7th Symphony,audiences forced the orchestra to perform encores(重 演)of certain movementsimmediately,applauding wildly.And in the last few decades,he said,many audiences atopera performances have abandoned pretenses,yelling“Bravo”when they feel like it.F)“I dont think theres anything wrong with an audience showing their enthusiasm for aproper moment by applauding,showing their joy,”Greenberg said,noting that thestuffiness in concert halls is“one aspect of contemporary concert etiquette”he doesntunderstand.“Instead of waiting half an hour to show enthusiasm,why not show it everyeight or nine minutes?”G)Until the rules about behavior and clothing change,its hard to imagine multitudes ofyoung people filling concert halls on their own accord.Theyre probably more likely tohead to Central Park to watch a free performance with a bottle of wine and their friends.“I think anyone should be able to come into a performance dressed any way they like,andbe comfortable any way they like,sitting in that seat ready to enjoy themselves,”Greenberg said.“Because its enjoyable.”H)Greenberg stressed that he doesnt want people to start respecting the music less,and hesnot suggesting that we“dumb down”the experience.Rather,its about opening up“access.”When operas first instituted subtitles(字幕)during shows,he said,many puristsdidnt like the idea,believing that the audience should instead study the works beforeattending.But now its commonplace to find titles on the seatback in front of youchoose a language,sit back,and understand whats going on.I)Allison Vulgamore,president of the Philadelphia Orchestra,is certainly looking to thefuture.She says certain“classics concerts”dedicated to the old masters will always exist,but not every program has to feature Beethoven and Brahmsor even a stage and seats.“Were trying to introduce different kinds of concerts in different ways,”she said.“Weare an interactive society now,where people like to learn.”J)As the Philadelphia Orchestra rebounds from its financial straits,it is also aiming toexperiment,without alienating the loyalists.Vulgamore pointed to Cirque de laSymphonie,a recent offering in which jugglers(玩杂耍的人)and acrobats(杂技演员)interacted with musicians.An upcoming collaboration with New York Citys RidgeTheatre,meanwhile,will feature a“suspended dance installation”and other theatricalelements occurring in conjunction with an orchestral piece.K)The orchestra also continues to offer$25 annual memberships to Philadelphia students,who can buy rush tickets to every concert on the schedule.“Students line up for theconcerts they want,and we get roughly 300 or 350 kids a night coming to these.They takeany of the open seats available,5 minutes before the concert starts,”Vulgamore said.“Itslike the running of the bulls,that energy when the doors open.”L)Greenberg thinks that youthful energy needs to be harvested.Conductors dont have to bearrogant and untouchablethey can be accessible.Perhaps there could even be a“bit ofhumor”about them,he suggested,and an abandoning of pretension within the high-artinstitutions themselves.“On one hand,these organizations are all saying the same thing:we want more general audiences,to break down cultural barriers,”he said.“But then theycome up with some very snooty(目中无人的)thing that makes you crazy.”M)John Terauds,a critic who has covered Torontos classical music scene extensively,alsowants to do away with the stuffiness.He suggested that the warmer an audience is,thebetter the musicians themselves will respond.“But the producer or organizer has to leteveryone know its OK,”he said.“Its OK to enjoy yourself.”At the Toronto SymphonyOrchestra,for example,conductor Peter Oundjian often stops between pieces,taking amoment to talk about the composer or the music in a very amiable way.And some nights,Terauds said,“at least a third”of the audience consists of students who have purchasedcheaper tickets.On these nights,the energy of the room drastically shifts.It becomes aless intimidating place.N)Back in February,Terauds wrote on his blog about how going to classical performancescan be intimidating.Certain people“think they have to dress up,”he wrote.“They thinkthey have to know something about the music before they go.And,Im sure,sitting in aseat,trembling in fear that this might be the wrong time to applaud,is also one of thefactors.”O)Everyone in the classical world agrees on the need for increased“accessibility,”butachieving it is often easier said than done.Nowadays,there are unknown,unorthodoxopera singers wowing(博得的喝彩)viewers on TV programs like“Americas GotTalent”and“The Voice”.What can higher institutions do with any of that?And if theyappeal to these outlets,do they risk compromising the integrity or the intelligence of themusic?P)Vulgamore seems to understand this.She thinks an organization can have it both ways,claiming the new while keeping the old.And as she reorganizes the PhiladelphiaOrchestra,she will attempt to do just that.“The worlds most respected musicians broughttogether as an orchestra will always exist,”she said.“But its essential that we be willingto experiment and fail.”36.It was not a rare occurrence that audiences behaved wildly while listening to classicalmusic.37.Some high-art institutions dont actually mean it when they say they want more generalaudiences.38.The theatre was in chaos when an unconventional ballet was first put on stage in thecapital of France.39.According to one critic,the audiences warm response would encourage the musicians todo a better job.40.Many commenters argued for the audience enjoying classical music quietly.41.What appears on the seatback screen makes it unnecessary for the audience to study theworks beforehand.42.It is generally accepted that there should be no disturbance from the audience duringclassical music performance.43.Higher institutions will be concerned about compromising the integrity of classical musicif they have to resort to the television medium.44.Heavily discounted rush tickets help attract many young students to attend classicalconcerts.45.The formalities of high-art theatres can intimidate some people attending a performance.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questionsor unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.How can one person enjoy good health,while another person looks old before her time?Humans have been asking this question for thousands of years,and recently,its becomingclearer and clearer to scientists that the differences between peoples rates of aging lie in thecomplex interactions among genes,social relationships,environments and lifestyles.Eventhough you were born with a particular set of genes,the way you live can influence how theyexpress themselves.Some lifestyle factors may even turn genes on or shut them off.Deep within the genetic heart of all our cells are telomeres,or repeating segments ofnoncoding DNA that live at the ends of the chromosomes(染色体).They form caps at theends of the chromosomes and keep the genetic material together.Shortening with each celldivision,they help determine how fast a cell ages.When they become too short,the cell stopsdividing altogether.This isnt the only reason a cell can agethere are other stresses on cellswe dont yet understand very wellbut short telomeres are one of the major reasons humancells grow old.Weve devoted most of our careers to studying telomeres,and oneextraordinary discovery from our labs is that telomeres can actually lengthen.Scientists have learned that several thought patterns appear to be unhealthy for telomeres,and one of them is cynical hostility.Cynical hostility is defined by high anger and frequentthoughts that other people cannot be trusted.Someone with hostility doesnt just think,“I hateto stand in long lines”;they think,“Others deliberately sped up and beat me to my rightfulposition in the line!”and then get violently agitated.People who score high on measures ofcynical hostility tend to get more heart disease,metabolic disease and often die at youngerages.They also have shorter telomeres.In a study of British civil servants,men who scoredhigh on measures of cynical hostility had shorter telomeres than men whose hostility scoreswere low.The most hostile men were 30%more likely to have short telomeres.What this means:aging is a dynamic process that could possibly be accelerated orslowedand,in some aspects,even reversed.To an extent,it has surprised us and the rest ofthe scientific community that telomeres do not simply carry out the commands issued by yourgenetic code.Your telomeres are listening to you.The foods you eat,your response tochallenges,the amount of exercise you get,and many other factors appear to influence yourtelomeres and can prevent premature aging at the cellular level.One of the keys to enjoyinggood health is simply doing your part to foster healthy cell renewal.46.What have scientists come to know better today?A)Why people age at different rates.B)How genes influence the aging process.C)How various genes express themselves in aging.D)Why people have long been concerned about aging.47.Wh