1986年考研英语真题.doc

1986年考研英语真题 Section I Structure and Vocabulary In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (15 points) EXAMPLE: I was caught ________ the rain yesterday. [A] in [B] by [C] with [D] at ANSWER: [A] 1. No doctors could cure the patient ________ his strange disease. [A] with [B] of [C] from（B） [D] off 2. He was ________ his wits’ end what to do. [A] in [B] on [C] at（C） [D] of 3. Prior ________ his departure, he addressed a letter to his daughter. [A] to [B] of [C] in（A） [D] from 4. The driving instructor told me to pull ________ at the post office. [A] up [B] back [C] round（A） [D] along 5. When there’s a doubt, the chairman’s decision is ________. [A] right [B] definite [C] fixed（D） [D] final 6. We can rely on William to carry out this mission, for his judgment is always ________. [A] unquestionable [B] sound [C] subtle（B） [D] healthy 7. The noise of the plane died ________ in the distance. [A] away [B] out [C] down（A） [D] off 8. Hospital doctors don’t go out very often as their work ________ all their time. [A] takes away [B] takes in [C] takes over（D） [D] takes up 9. Attendances at football matches have ________ since the coming of television. [A] dropped in [B] dropped down [C] dropped off（C） [D] dropped out 10. After the death of their parents, the sisters got well ________ and never quarreled. [A] away [B] in [C] along（C） [D] out 11. They always give the vacant seats to ________ comes first. [A] who [B] whom [C] whoever（C） [D] whomever 12. Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication ________ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered. [A] in that [B] in which [C] in order that（A） [D] in the way 13. He is ________ of an actor. [A] anybody [B] anyone [C] somebody（D） [D] something 14. The captain apologized ________ to tell us more about the accident. [A] for to be unable [B] that he was unable [C] to be unable（D） [D] for being unable 15. ________ is no reason for discharging her. [A] Because she was a few minutes late [B] Owing to a few minutes being late [C] The fact that she was a few minutes late（C） [D] Being a few minutes late Section II Cloze Test For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices labeled [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and put your choice in the brackets below the passage. Read the whole passage before making your choices. (10 points) On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. For an hour or she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had. And then, with all the things she needed she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour she liked best: looking in furniture shop windows. One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look without feeling they had to buy something. Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway where, almost at once, she stopped before a green armchair. There was a card on the chair which said: “This fine chair is yours less than a pound a week,” and very small at the bottom, “Cash price eighty-nine pounds fifty.” A pound a week... , she could almost pay that out of her housekeeping money and never miss it! A voice at her shoulder made her . “Can I help you, Madam?” She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her . “Oh, well, no,” she said. “I was just looking.” “We’ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you’ll just come up, you will find something to suit you.” Annie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn’t need, left the shop hurriedly. 16. [A] so [B] more [C] else（A） [D] another 17. [A] taking [B] making [C] fixing（D） [D] keeping 18. [A] buy [B] bought [C] buying（B） [D] to have bought 19. [A] in a way [B] by the way [C] in the way（C） [D] on the way 20. [A] behind [B] round [C] back（B） [D] on 21. [A] doubted [B] wondered [C] puzzled（D） [D] delighted 22. [A] at [B] for [C] with（B） [D] in 23. [A] Why [B] When [C] How（A） [D] What 24. [A] jump [B] leap [C] laugh（A） [D] wonder 25. [A] place [B] back [C] side（C） [D] front Section III Reading Comprehension Each of the two passages below is followed by five questions. For each question there are four answers. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (10 points) Text 1 There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people “generalists.” And these “generalists” are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people’s work, to begin it and judge it. The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a “trained” man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist -- and especially the administrator -- deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an “educated” man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly. Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you -- but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee. 26. There is an increasing demand for ________. [A] all round people in their own fields [B] people whose job is to organize other people’s work [C] generalists whose educational background is either technical or professional（B） [D] specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others 27. The specialist is ________. [A] a man whose job is to train other people [B] a man who has been trained in more than one fields [C] a man who can see the forest rather than the trees（D） [D] a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters 28. The administrator is ________. [A] a “trained” man who is more a specialist than a generalist [B] a man who sees the trees as well as the forest [C] a man who is very strong in the humanities（C） [D] a man who is an “educated” specialist 29. During your training period, it is important ________. [A] to try to be a generalist [B] to choose a profitable job [C] to find an organization which fits you（D） [D] to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist 30. A man’s first job ________. [A] is never the right job for him [B] should not be regarded as his final job [C] should not be changed or people will become suspicious of his ability to hold any job（B） [D] is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final job Text 2 At the bottom of the world lies a mighty continent still wrapped in the Ice Age and, until recent times, unknown to man. It is a great land mass with mountain ranges whose extent and elevation are still uncertain. Much of the continent is a complete blank on our maps. Man has explored, on foot, less than one per cent of its area. Antarctica differs fundamentally from the Arctic regions. The Arctic is an ocean, covered with drifting packed ice and hemmed in by the land masses of Europe, Asia, and North America. The Antarctic is a continent almost as large as Europe and Australia combined, centered roughly on the South Pole and surrounded by the most unobstructed water areas of the world -- the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. The continental ice sheet is more than two miles high in its centre, thus, the air over the Antarctic is far more refrigerated than it is over the Arctic regions. This cold air current from the land is so forceful that it makes the nearby seas the stormiest in the world and renders unlivable those regions whose counterparts at the opposite end of the globe are inhabited. Thus, more than a million persons live within 2,000 miles of the North Pole in an area that includes most of Alaska, Siberia, and Scandinavia -- a region rich in forest and mining industries. Apart from a handful of weather stations, within the same distance of the South Pole there is not a single tree, industry, or settlement. 31. The best title for this selection would be ________. [A] Iceland [B] Land of Opportunity [C] The Unknown Continent（C） [D] Utopia at Last 32. At the time this article was written, our knowledge of Antarctica was ________. [A] very limited [B] vast [C] fairly rich（A） [D] nonexistent 33. Antarctica is bordered by the ________. [A] Pacific Ocean [B] Indian Ocean [C] Atlantic Ocean（D） [D] All three 34. The Antarctic is made uninhabitable primarily by ________. [A] cold air [B] calm seas [C] ice（A） [D] lack of knowledge about the continent 35. According to this article ________. [A] 2,000 people live on the Antarctic Continent [B] a million people live within 2,000 miles of the South Pole [C] weather conditions within a 2,000 mile radius of the South Pole make settlements impractical（C） [D] only a handful of natives inhabit Antarctica Section IV Structure and Vocabulary Fill in the blanks with the words which best complete the sentences. Put your choices in the brackets on the left. (10 points) EXAMPLE: It was the largest experiment we have ever had; it ________ six houses. [A] ended [B] finished [C] was [D] lasted ANSWER: [D] 36. Music often ________ us of events in the past. [A] remembers [B] memorizes [C] reminds（C） [D] reflects 37. If I take this medicine twice a day it should ________ my cold. [A] heat [B] cure [C] treat（B） [D] recover 38. I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn’t ________ what colour it was. [A] make out [B] look to [C] look out（A） [D] take in 39. I could tell he was surprised from the ________ on his face. [A] appearance [B] shock [C] look（C） [D] sight 40. The toy boat turned over and sank to the ________ of the pool. [A] base [B] depth [C] ground（D） [D] bottom 41. Mary never tells anyone what she does for a ________. [A] job [B] work [C] profession（D） [D] living 42. That boy is such a good violinist he will probably make quite a ________ for himself. [A] star [B] credit [C] name（C） [D] character 43. Old photographs give one a brief ________ of the past. [A] glance [B] glimpse [C] sight（B） [D] look 44. The novelist is a highly ________ person. [A] imaginable [B] imaginative [C] imaginary（B） [D] imagined 45. Although the pay is not good, people usually find social work ________ in other ways. [A] payable [B] respectful [C] grateful（D） [D] rewarding Section V Error-detection and Correction Each question consists of a sentence with four underlined parts (words or phrases). These parts are labeled [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect and put your choice in the brackets on the left. Then, without altering the meaning of the sentence, write down the correct word or phrase on the line following the brackets. (10 points) EXAMPLE: You’ve to hurry up if you want to buy something hardly . ANSWER: [C] anything 46. The professor told the student that he his taking the advanced course he made a passing mark in Economics 1.（[C] approve of） 47. Although a great number of houses in that area in need of there improvement in the .（[C] has been） 48. Mr. Gilmore is one of those men who to be however, it is very hard .（[A] appear） 49. To understand the situation more thought than .（[C] has been given） 50. A educators believe that English is one of taught subjects in high schools .（[C] most poorly） 51. Of all his activities. Paul likes fishing but he doesn’t enjoy fishing rods .（[B] (the) best, (the) most） 52. I not have recognized man you me his name.（[C] even if, even though） 53. time I had done the work my satisfaction; I got my hat hall and slipped out .（[B] to） 54. The new hotel a beautiful building recreation areas and conference facilities on the top floor the finest view of the city .（[C] where, from which, on which） 55. While Europe, the tourists enjoyed their content the weather, the food and .（[D] the theatre） Section VI Verb Forms Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of verbs given in brackets. (10 points) EXAMPLE: It is highly desirable that a new president ________ (appoint) for this college. ANSWER: (should) be appointed 56. The enemy retreated to the woods after they ________ (defeat).（were defeated/had been defeated） 57. I ________ (speak) to him for some time before I realized who he was.（had been speaking） 58. One should never lose one’s heart when ________ (confront) with temporary difficulties.（confronted） 59. The house suddenly collapsed while it ________ (pull) down.（was being pulled） 60. On ________ (give) an assignment to make a business tour abroad, he gladly accepted it.（being given） 61. ________ (Get) everything ready, they got down to map out a plan for the construction of a new express way.（Having got） 62. After Peter grew a beard, even his close friends ________ (not recognize) him at first sight.（could/did not recognize, were not able to recognize） 63. Darkness ________ (set) in, the young people lingered on merrymaking.（setting） 64. The students were to ________ (assemble) at the auditorium before 1:30 p.m., but the lecture was canceled at the last minute.（have assembled/assemble） 65. Emphasis is laid on the necessity that all the objectives to be attained ________ (take) into account before starting a new project.（(should) be taken） Section VII Chinese-English Translation Translate the following sentences into English. (15 points) 66. 去年的好收成是由于农场管理的改进和有利的气体条件。 67. 他在科研上取得的成就要