2012逐词逐句精讲册.pdf

句子主干Justice Antonin Scalia,for example,appeared(+介词短语作句子主干的地点状语一级修饰at political events.That kind of activity makes it less likely that the courts decisions will be accepted as impartial judgments.这种行为使人们不太可能相信最高法院的裁决是公正的。That kind of activity makes it less likely(主+谓+宾+宾补)句子主干it为形式宾语，hat引导的宾语从句作真正的宾语that the courts decisions will be accepted as impartial judgmentsPart of the problem is that the justices are not bound by an ethics code.部分问题在于大法官没有受到道德准则的约束。句子主干Part of the problem is that the justices are not bound(主+系+表从)介词by引出动作的发出者一级修饰by an ethics code词汇注释be bound by受约束code*kaudn.道德准则；行为规范；密码；法典t.为编码At the very least,the court should make itself subject to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federaljudiciary.至少，最高法院自身应服从那些适用于其他联邦司法部门的行为准则。一级修饰At the very least,介词短语作状语，表程度句子主干the court should make itself subject to the code of conduct(主+谓+宾+宾补)that引导的定语从句，修饰the code of conduct一级修饰that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary.词汇注释at the very least至少，最少judiciaryd3 udifarin.司法部；司法系统；（统称）审判人员第三段。This and other similar cases raise the question of whether there is still a line between the court and politics.这一事件和其他类似的事件引发了这样一个问题：法院和政治之间是否还存在界限。句子主干This and other similar cases raise the question(主+谓+宾)of写引出the question的同位语从句一级修饰of whether there is still a line介词短语作后置定语，修饰a line二级修饰between the court and politics.要点注释：whether引导的同位语从句，解释说明the question。该从句使用了There be句型，由“there+be(is)+主语(a line)”构成，副词still作状语。词汇注释a line between.and.与的界限politics*pplatiksn.政治；政治活动；权术；政见第四段。The framers of the Constitution envisioned law as having authority apart from politics.宪法的制定者将法律设想为拥有独立于政治之外的权威。146.句子主干The framers.envisioned law as having authority(主+谓+宾+宾补)介词短语作后置定语，修饰The framersof the Constitution一级修饰介词短语作后置定语，修饰authorityapart from politics.词汇注释framerfreima(r)】n.制定者：创作者envisionnvI3nt.设想；想象；展望They gave justices permanent positions so they would be free to upset those in power and have no need to cultivatepolitical support.他们授予大法官终身职位，因此大法官就可以毫无顾忌地得罪当权者，也无须获得政治支持。(I)They gave justices permanent positions(主+谓+间宾+直宾)s0连接的并列句，表因果句子主干(2)so they would be free to upset those in power(主+系+表)and连接的并列谓语and(would)have no need动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰need一级修饰to cultivate political support.要点注释(2)句中，系表结构would be free作复合谓语，动词不定式短语to upset those in power作(2)句的状语。/词汇注释：permanent*p3:mananta.终生的；永久的upset*psetL.使生气pseta.失望的Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely tied.正是因为法律和政治之间的联系非常紧密，所以我们制定法律体系时，才会有意把两者分开。句子主干Our legal system was designed(主+谓)动词不定式短语作句子主干的目的状语to set law apart from politics precisely一级修饰because?引导的原因状语从句，作句子主干的原因状语because they are so closely tied.第五段1Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social concepts like liberty andproperty.宪法是政治性的，因为它是基于对自由和财产等基本社会观念选择的结果。句子主干Constitutional law is political(主+系+表)because引导的原因状语从句，作句子主干的原因状语一级修饰because it results from choices过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰choices二级修饰rooted in fundamental social conceptslike.举例说明fundamental social concepts三级修饰like liberty and property.:词汇注释：constitutional,kpnstrtju:fanla.宪法的；章程的result from由造成；因而产生root in以为基础；建立在之上fundamental*fndmentla.基本的；根本的147.Section I Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1第一段Come on-一Everybodys doing it.来吧一大家都在这样做。句子主干Come on(祈使句：谓)补充说明句子主干一级修饰-Everybodys doing it.2 That whispered message,half invitation and half forcing,is what most of us think of when we hear the words peerpressure.当听到“同侪压力”这个词时，我们大多数人都会想到这句半邀请、半强迫的耳语。一级修饰half invitation and half forcing,插入语，补充说明That whispered messageThat whispered message,.is.(主+系+表从)句子主干what引导的表语从句what most of us think ofwhen引导的时间状语从句，作句子主干的时间状语一级修饰when we hear the words peer pressure.词汇注释：whisperedwispada.耳语的；谣传的invitation*nvrteifnn.邀请；请柬；鼓动It usually leads to no good-一drinking,drugs and casual sex.同侪压力通常会导致不良的结果酗酒、吸毒和滥交。句子主干It usually leads to no good(主+谓+宾)举例说明no good一级修饰drinking,drugs and casual sex.But in her new book Join the Club,Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force throughwhat she calls the social cure,in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individualsimprove their lives and possibly the world.但是，蒂娜罗森伯格在其新作加入俱乐部中声称，同侪压力也可以通过她所谓的社会治疗成为一种积极的力量，在社会治疗中，机构和官员们利用群体互动的力量帮助个人改善他们的生活，甚至可能改变世界一级修饰in her new book Join the Club,介词短语作句子主干的状语But.Tina Rosenberg contends(主+谓+宾从)句子主干that引导的宾语从句，作contends的宾语that peer pressure can also be a positive force介词短语作方式状语一级修饰through what she calls the social cure,介词in+which引导的非限定性定语从句，补充说明the social cure二级修饰in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics动词不定式短语作目的状语三级修饰to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.149要点注释：介词短语through what.中，what引导的宾语从句作介词through的宾语。词汇注释contend*kan.tendt.声称；主张ti.竞争dynamicsdarnaemiksn.pl.相互作用的方式；动力第二段1 Rosenberg,the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize,offers a host of examples of the social cure in action:In South Carolina,a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool.普利策奖得主罗森伯格列举了很多正在进行中的社会治疗案例：在南卡罗来纳州，一场由州政府资助的被称为“怒对烟雾”的反吸烟活动旨在让吸烟变成落伍行为。一级修饰the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize,Rosenbergf的同位语句子主干Rosenberg,.offers a host of examples(主+谓+宾)介词短语作后置定语，修饰examplesof the social cure in action:一级修饰补充说明examplesa state-sponsored antismoking program.sets out to make cigarettes uncool.介词短语作地点状语In South Carolina.二级修饰过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a state-sponsored antismoking programcalled Rage Against the Haze词汇注释recipient*rmsipiantn.接受者，领受者a host of很多；大量；众多in action在运转；在活动中（文中引申为“在进行中”）sponsoredsponsada.赞助的hazehezn.烟雾；霾；迷蒙u.（使)笼罩set out to do sth.开始着手做某事In South Africa,an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among theirpees.在南非，一项被称为“热爱生命”的预防艾滋病的倡议活动招募年轻人在其同龄人中宣传安全性行为。一级修饰In South Africa,介词短语作句子主干的地点状语句子主干an HIV-prevention initiative.,recruits young people to promote safe sex(主+谓+宾+宾补)过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰an HIV-.prevention initiativeknown as LoveLife一级修饰介词短语作状语among their peers.词汇注释initiative*rnifatrvn.倡议；主动性recruit*kru:t.招募；吸收n.新兵第三段The idea seems promising,and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer.这一想法似乎很有前景，罗森伯格也确实是一位敏锐的观察家。(I)The idea seems promising,(主+系+表)句子主干and连接的并列句(2)and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer.(主+系+表)150