2015年6月13日CET4真题word版.doc

大 学 英 语 四 级 考 试 COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST - Band Four - 得到监考老师指令前，不得翻阅该试题册! Part 1 Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on this kind of modern life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. THIS MODERN LIFE: WORK HOME PLAY SLEEP 请用黑色签字笔在答题卡1指定区域作答作文题，在试题册上的作答无效。 Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答 1. A) He will give the woman some tips on the game. B) The woman has good reason to quit the game. C) He is willing to play chess with the woman. D) The woman should go on playing chess. 2. A) The man can forward the mail to Mary. B) She can call Mary to take care of the mail. C) Mary probably knows Sally’s new address. D) She would like to resume contact with Sally. 3. A) His handwriting has a unique style. C) He did not attend today’s class. B) His notes are not easy to read. D) He is very pleased to be able to help. 4. A) The man had better choose another restaurant. B) The new restaurant is a perfect place for dating. C) The new restaurant caught her fancy immediately. D) The man has good taste in choosing the restaurant. 5. A) He has been looking forward to spring. B) He has been waiting for the winter sale. C) He will clean the woman’s boots for spring. D) He will help the woman put things away. 6. A) The woman is rather forgetful. B) The man appreciates the woman’s help. C) The man often lends books to the woman. D) The woman often works overtime at weekends. 7. A) Go to work on foot. B) Take a sightseeing trip. C) Start work earlier than usual. D) Take a walk when the weather is nice. 8. A) The plane is going to land at another airport. B) All flights have been delayed due to bad weather. C) Temporary closing has disturbed the airport’s operation. D) The airport’s management is in real need of improvement. Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you just heard. 9. A) It specializes in safety from leaks. B) It is headquartered in London. C) It has a partnership with LCP. D) It has a chemical processing plant. 10. A) He is Mr. Grand’s friend. B) He is a safety inspector. C) He is a salesman. D) He is a chemist. 11. A) Director of the safety department. B) Mr. Grand’s personal assistant. C) Head of the personnel department. D) The public relations officer. 12. A) Wait for Mr. Grand to call back. B) Leave a message for Mr. Grand. C) Provide details of their products and services. D) Send a comprehensive description of their work. Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 13. A) She learned playing the violin from a famous French musician. B) She dreamed of working and living in a European country. C) She read a lot about European musicians and their music. D) She listened to recordings of many European orchestras. 14. A) She began taking violin lessons as a small child. B) She was a pupil of a famous European violinist. C) She gave her first performance with her father. D) She became a professional violinist at fifteen. 15. A) It gave her a chance to explore the city. B) It was the chance of a lifetime. C) It was a great challenge to her D) It helped her learn classical French music. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marketed A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center. 注意： 此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Passage one Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A) There are mysterious stories behind his works. B) There are many misunderstandings about him. C) His works have no match worldwide. D) His personal history is little known. 17. A) He moved to Stratford-on-Avon in his childhood. B) He failed to go beyond grammar school. C) He was a member of the town council. D) He once worked in a well-known acting company. 18. A) Writers of his time had no means to protect their works. B) Possible sources of clues about him were lost in a fire. C) His works were adapted beyond recognition. D) People of his time had little interest in him. Passage Two Questions 19-21 are based on the passage you have just heard. 19. A) Theft. B) Cheating. C) Air crash. D) Road accidents. 20. A) Learn the local customs. B) Make hotel reservations. C) Book tickets well in advance. D) Have the right documents. 21. A) Contact your agent. B) Get a lift if possible. C) Use official transport. D) Have a friend meet you. Passage Three Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22. A) Cut down production cost. C) Specialise in gold ornaments. B) Sell inexpensive products. D) Refine the taste of his goods. 23. A) At a national press conference. B) During a live television interview. C) During a local sales promotion campaign. D) At a meeting of top British businesspeople. 24. A) Insulted. B) Puzzled. C) Distressed. D) Discouraged. 25. A) The words of some businesspeople are just rubbish. B) He who never learns from the past is bound to fail. C) There should be a limit to one’s sense of humour. D) He is not laughed at, that laughs at himself first. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 　　Looking at the basic biological systems, the world is not doing very well. Yet economic indicators show the world is (26)________. Despite a slow start at the beginning of the eighties, global economic output increased by more than a fifth during the (27) ________. The economy grew, trade increased, and millions of new jobs were created. How can biological indicators show the (28) ________of economic indicators? The answer is that the economic indicators have a basic fault: they show no difference between resource uses that (29) ________ progress and those uses that will hurt it. The main measure of economic progress is the gross national product (GNP). (30) ________, this totals the value of all goods and services produced and subtracts loss in value of factories and equipment. Developed a half-century ago, GNP helped (31) ________ a common way among countries of measuring change in economic output. For some time, this seemed to work (32) well, but serious weaknesses are now appearing. As indicated earlier, GNP includes loss in value of factories and equipment, but it does not (33) ________ the loss of natural resources, including nonrenewable resources such as oil or renewable resources such as forests. This basic fault can produce a (34) ________ sense of national economic health. According to GNP, for example, countries that overcut forests actually do better than those that preserve their forests. The trees cut down are counted as income but no subtraction is made for (35) ________ the forests. Part III Reading Comprehension (40minutes) Section A Direction: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making choices. Each choice in the bank is identificated by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage. 　　It’s our guilty pleasure: Watching TV is the most common everyday activity, after work and sleep, in many parts of the world. Americans view five hours of TV each day, and while we know that spending so much time sitting ___36___ can lead to obesity (肥胖症) and other diseases, researchers have now quantified just how___37___being a couch potato can be. 　　In an analysis of data from eight large ___38___published studies, a Harvard-led group reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association that for every two hours per day spent channel ___39___, the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) rose 20% over 8.5 years, the risk of heart disease increased 15% over a ___40___, and the odds of dying prematurely___41___ 13% during a seven-year follow-up. All of these___42____are linked to a lack of physical exercise. But compared with other sedentary (久坐的) activities, like knitting, viewing TV may be especially__43___at promoting unhealthy habits. For one, the sheer number of hours we pass watching TV dwarfs the time we spend on anything else. And other studies have found that watching ads for beer and popcorn may make you more likely to ___44___them. 　　Even so, the authors admit that they didn’t compare different sedentary activities to ___45___whether TV watching was linked to a greater risk of diabetes, heart disease or clearly death compared with, say, reading. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 A) climbed F) harmful K) suffered B) consume G) outcomes L) surfing C) decade H) passively M) term D) determine I) previously N) terminals E) effective J) resume O) twisting 　 　　 Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Essay-Grading Software Offers Professors a Break 　　[A] Imagine taking a college exam, and instead of handing in a blue book and getting a grade from a professor a few weeks later, clicking the “send” button when you are done and receiving a grade back instantly, your essay scored by a software program. And then, instead of being done with the exam, imagine that the system would immediately let you rewrite the test to try to improve your grade. [B] Edx, the nonprofit enterprise founded by Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Theology (MIT) to offer courses on the Internet ,has just introduced such a system and will make its automated (自动的) software available free on the Web to any institutions that wants to use it. The software uses artificial intelligence to grade student essays and short written answers, freeing professors for other tasks. 　　[C] The new service will bring the educational consortium (联盟) into a growing conflict over the role of the automation education. Although automated grading systems for multiple-choice and true-false tests are now widespread, the use of artificial intelligence technology to grade essay answers has not yet provided widespread acceptance by educations and has many critics. 　　[D] Anant Agarwal, an electrical engineer who is president of EdX, predicted that the instant grading software would be a useful teaching tool, enabling students to take tests and write essays over and over and improve the quality of their answers. He said the technology would offer distinct advantages over the traditional classroom system, where students often wait days or weeks for grades. “There is a huge value in learning with instant feedback,” Dr. Agarwal said, “Students are telling us they learn much better with instant feedback.” 　　[E] But skeptics (怀疑者) say the automated system is no matter for live teachers. One longtime critic, Les Perelman，has drawn national attention several times for putting together nonsense essays that have fooled software grading programs into giving high marks. He has also been highly critical of studies claiming that the software compares well to human grades. 　　[F] He is among a group of educators who last month began circulating a petition(呼吁) opposing automated assessment software. The group, which calls itself Professionals Against Machine Scoring of Student Essays in High-Stakes Assessment, has collected nearly 2,000 signatures, including some from famous people like Noam Chomsky. 　 [G] “Let’s face the realities of automatic essay scoring,” the group’s statement reads in part. “Computers cannot ‘read’. They cannot measure the essentials of effective written communication: accuracy, reasoning, adequacy of evidence, good sense, ethical (伦理) position, convincing argument, meaningful organization, and clarity, among others.” 　　[H] But EdX expects its software to be adopted widely by schools and universities. It offers free online classes from Harvard, MIT and the University of California-Berkeley; this fall, it will add classes from Wellesley, Geogetown and the University of Texas. In all, 12 universities participate in EdX, which offers certificates for course completion and has said that it plans to continue to expand next year, including adding international schools. 　　[I] The EdX assessment tool requires human teachers, or graders, to grade 100 essays or essay questions. The system then uses a variety of machine-learning techniques to train itself to be able to grade any number of essays or answers automatically and almost instantly. The software will assign a grade depending on the scoring system created by the teacher, whether it is a letter grade or numerical (数字的) rank. 　　[J] Edx is not the first to use the automated assessment technology, which dates to early computers in the 1960s. there is now a range of companies offering commercial programs to grade written test answers, and four states — Louisiana, North Dakota, Utah and West Virginia — are using some form of the technology in second schools. A fifth, Indiana, has experimented with it. In some cases the software is used as a “second reader”, to check the reliability of the human graders. 　　[K] But the growing influence of the