模拟1【更多资料加入翰轩学社】.docx

淘宝店铺：东木上岸 Model Test One Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Are Lies Necessary in Our Life? by commenting on American writer Howard Mel’s famous remark “We all tell lies—little lies, big lies, necessity lies in order to insure social and psychological peace and comfort” You should write at least150 words but no more than 200 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A)Launching a campaign in specialist medical journals. B)Advertising medicines that need a prescription on TV. C) Making newspaper ads with doctor’s good comment. D) Getting some specialists to advertise for the products. 2. A)The users’ comment on medicine is not always reliable. B)Ads of over-the-counter products are not allowed. C) The claim of any positive cure for a disease is forbidden. D) Most of the medicines need doctor’s prescription. 3. A)Manufacturers don’t like it. B)Medical ads are not allowed to do it. C) They can’t afford the cost. D) They can’t make promises. 4. A)He doesn’t consider much about customers. B) He can’t offer any practical way of promotion. C) He doesn’t deserve the promotion indeed. D) He knows little about the regulations of ads. Questions 5 to 8 re based on the conversation you have just heard. 5. A)The account number is 51406881. C) There is no information about the account. B)The account number is 21406881. D) There is no information about the bank’s name. 6. A)She didn’t receive the same invoice as others. B) She found the man’s bank details were wrong. C) She confused the names of two banks. D) She couldn’t identify the account on the invoice. 7. A)Transfer the money to the man as soon as possible. B)Try to sort out the truth and call the bank. C) Check the account number with Bank of Scotland. D) Make up for her mistakes and be careful next time. 8. A)They are manager and assistant. C) They are customer and manager. B) They are business partners. D) They are coworkers of the same company. Section B Directions：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 9to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard. 9. A)Schools use private detection services. B)Teachers discuss essay topics with their students. C) Teachers ask students to turn in early drafts of papers. D)Universities stop students from buying essays. 10. A)Those that are involved in a specific field. B) Those that are very difficult and urgent. C) Those that need cooperation of two writers. D) Those whose writers are from abroad. 11. A)Their work can only be used as a model. B)Most of their writers are poorly paid. C) Most writers have doctorate degrees. D) Students may handle the paper as they wish. 12. A)Universities don’t pay much attention to academic achievement. B) Professors assign too much work to students in a short time. C) Communication failure appears between students and professors. D) Students don’t know the rules of the college they are attending. Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard. 13. A)Salt is quite necessary for people’s health. B)Eating too much salt could do harm to the heart. C) The quantity of salt varies among different people. D) People are launching a campaign to eat less salt. 14. A)Eating more salt means more heart attacks. B) Less salt is sure to reduce many heart-related diseases. C) Eating less salt may lead to high blood pressure. D) It’s not clear whether eating less salt will have good results. 15. A)Most people consume similar amount of salt. B)Americans eat less salt than the others. C)Different people eat different amount of salt. D)Salt is relevant to people’s health. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 19 are based on the recording you have just heard. 16. A)They are about to be more productive. B) They tell us to be more physically healthy. C) They focus on the importance of habits. D) They help people make more money. 17. A)We should be hardworking. B) We are in control of our life. C) We have a great potential for everything. D) We can accomplish the resolutions. 18. A)Analyze the reasons for failure. C)Look for some other opportunities. B)Try the same thing one more time. D)Think about how to improve ourselves. 19. A) They don’t have the deadlines for tasks. B) They avoid being too stressed at work. C) They tend to think there is plenty of time. D) They think they will do better the next day. Questions 20 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard. 20. A)They are not in a hurry when they say things out loud. B) They act as if they are reflecting on everything carefully. C) They tend to think a lot before they say something out. D) They enjoy the relaxed feeling and never rush. 21. A) They will feel annoyed. C) They will feel intimate. B) They will be surprised. D) They will be impressed. 22. A)Good talkers will be able to talk about it for a long time. B)It is a good way to show the talker’s plentiful knowledge. C) It can be brought out in a conversation and fascinate others. D) Most people can say something about psychology and sociology. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. 23. A)Systematic management. B)The transport of goods. C) Customer service. D) The concept of benefits. 24. A)Timing. C)Supporting services. B)Raw materials. D) Location. 25. A)Material management. C)Supply chain management. B)Physical distribution. D)Human resource management. Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes ) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do—especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resource expert notices this in the job application that comes across his desk every day. “It’s 26 how many candidates cancel themselves,” he says. “Resumes arrive with stains. Some candidates don’t 27 to spell the company’s name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I 28 the candidate,” Crossley concludes. “If they cannot take care of these details, why should we trust them with a job?” Can we pay too much attention to details? Absolutely. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees,” says Charles Garfield, professor at the University of California, San Francisco, “we must 29 ask ourselves how the details we’re working on fit into the large picture.” Garfield 30 this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo Ⅱmoon 31 was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time,” says Garfield. “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the 32 coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make 33 as necessary.” Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the significance of the every task we 34 . Often we believe what accounts for other’s success is some special secret or a lucky break. But rarely is success so 35 . Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large reward follow. I)dominant J)eliminate K)launch L)mysterious M)precise N)probably O)undertake A)abolish B)adjustments C)administration D)amazing E)bother F)compares G)comprises H)constantly Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Rising Inequality Is Holding Back the U.S. Economy [A] In announcing his run for the presidency last month, Jeb Bush has set an ambitious goal of 4 percent real growth in gross domestic product (GDP). This goal has been greeted with substantial skepticism from parts of the economics establishment, while some economists have praised it as a “worthy and viable aspiration” that could be achieved with growth-oriented policies. Our recent research implies that a 4 percent growth goal for first term of the next President is not only possible, but is what we should strive to achieve. Like Hubbard and Warsh, veteran Republican economic policymakers, we agree that the U.S. needs policies that raise labor force participation, accelerate productivity growth and improve expectations. Where we part ways is the tactics. [B] Their recommendations focus on supply-side policies, such as tax reform, regulatory reform, reduced trade friction and education and training. Our research implies that a weak demand side explains the sluggish(萧条的 )recovery from the Great Recession, with the rise of income inequality as a central factor. Consequently, our policy prescriptions revolve around increasing the take-home pay of the majority of American households. The Great Recession, which began in December2007, was the most severe American economic downturn in three-quarters of a century. Most economists did not anticipate ahead of time that this kind of thing could happen, although we warned that “it could get ugly out there” in October 2007. [C] But as the severity of the recession became apparent in the dark days of late 2008 and early 2009, many economists predicted a swift bounce-back, reasoning from historical evidence that deep downturns are followed by rapid recoveries. Sadly, that prediction was also incorrect. The growth path following the Great Recession has been historically sluggish. Our recent research, supported by the Institute for New Economic Thinking, helps explain why: The economic drag from decades of rising income inequality has held back consumer spending. [D] Our work studies the link between rising income inequality and U.S. household demand over the past several decades. From the middle 1980s until the middle 2000s, American consumers spent liberally despite the fact that income growth stagnated( 停 滞 )for most of the population. We show that the annual growth rate of household income slowed markedly in 1980 for the bottom 95 percent of the income distribution, while income growth for the top 5 percent accelerated at the same time. The result was the widely discussed rise of income inequality. [E] It is also well known that household debt grew rapidly during this period. Our work points out that the buildup of debt relative to income was concentrated in the bottom 95 percent of the income distribution. Debt to income for the top 5 percent bounced around with little clear trend: When the financial crisis hit, our work shows that the bottom 95 percent of Americans could no longer get the rising debt they needed to continue to spend along the trend they established in the years leading up to the crisis. The result was a sharp cutback in household demand relative to income that caused the collapse of the Great Recession. [F] What about the recovery? Household demand in 2013(the most recent observation we have because our computations incorporate data that are released with a lag and are available at an annual frequency only)was a stunning 17.5 percent below its pre-recession trend, with no sign of recovering back toward the trend. What happened? Our research implies that the cutoff of credit for the group of households falling behind as income inequality rose prevented their spending from recovering to its pre-recession path. [G] While there is no reason to necessarily expect that consumer spending will follow a constant trend over long periods of time, the practical reality is that the U.S. economy needed the pre-recession trend of demand to maintain adequate growth and at least a rough approximation of full employment prior to 2007. In the middle 2000s, there was no sign of excess demand in the U.S. economy. Inflation was tame and interest rates were low. Wage growth was stagnant. Although some gradual slowing in long-term U.S. growth might have been predicted as the large baby-boom generation ages, the overall labor force participation rate was actually rising prior to the recession, so there was no reason to expect any significant decline in labor resources in the years immediately following 2007. [H] Yes, the way many Americans were financing their demand was unsustainable, but there is no indication that businesses could not sustainably continue to produce along the pre-recession trend if they had been able to sell the output. Our interpretation of the evidence is that the demand drag that could be expected as the result of rising inequality is, after a delay of a-quarter century, finally constraining the U.S. economy. Intuition, theory and evidence predict that high-income people spend, on average, a smaller share of their income than everyone else does. So as a higher share of income goes into the pockets of the well-to-do, the household sector as a whole is likely to recycle less of its income back into spending, which slows the path of demand growth. [I] A possible problem with this prediction for the U.S. in recent years is that income inequality began to rise in the early 1980s, but household demand remained strong through 2006. Our argument is that the demand drag from rising inequality was postponed by the buildup of debt