2023学年中考英语总复习基础语法专题五介词试题.docx

专题五 介词 学前自测（发现考点） ( )1. I lost my way ___ a rainy night and my parents were quite worried ____ me. A. in; about B. on; about C. at; with D. on; with ( )2. When our parents are not at home, we need to ____ourselves. A. look after B. look at C. look up D. look around ( )3. —When did your aunt arrive China? —She got to Guangzhou the morning of May 15th. A. at; in B. in; in C. to; on D. in; on ( )4. It's very nice ____ you to pick me up at the bus station. A. for B. to C. of D. with ( )5. —What does your English teacher look like? —She is a pretty lady ____ long straight hair. A. on B. with C. of D. for ( )6. —When is your summer vacation? —It begins ____ July 15th and I don't have to go to school until August 31th. A. on B. in C. at D. by ( )7. I paid about 100 dollars ____ the new clothes. A. for B. on C. to D. of ( )8. The earthquake happened in Yunnan Province ____ a cold morning of December. A. in B. at C. to D. on ( )9. —What happened to Mark? —He fell off the bike ____ a snowy morning. A. in B. at C. on D. when ( )10. —Mum, where are my socks? —Under your bed. You should ____ your things. A. put on B. put down C. put away D. put off 常考考点知识清单（研习考点） 考点一 常用介词的主要用法 1. in 的主要用法 (1) 表示在某年、某月、某季节,在上午、下午、晚上等。 I will come and see you in the afternoon. 下午我来看你。 (2) 在……以后。 I will come back in a week. 我将于一周之后回来。 (3) 在……里。 The two brothers study in the same class. 两兄弟在同一个班里上课。 (4) 穿着;戴着。 The man in black is Li Ming's brother. 穿着黑色衣服的那个人是李明的哥哥。 (5) (表示手段、方法、材料)用;以。 People used to write in ink. 人们过去常常用墨水写字。 2. on 的主要用法 (1) 表示在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上。 My birthday party will be held on Sunday evening. 我的生日聚会将在星期日的晚上举行。 (2) 在……上。 The books are on the desk. 书在课桌上。 (3) 关于;有关。 Why not give her some advice on learning English well? 为什么不给她一些关于学好英语的建议呢? (4) 以……方式;通过。 Did you hear it on the radio? 你是从收音机里听到这条消息的吗? 3. for 的主要用法 (1) 表示时间、距离,意为“计;达”。 We will stay there for two days. 我们将在那里逗留两天。 (2) 表示“当作;作为”。 I like some bread and milk for breakfast. 我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。 (3) 表示理由或原因,意为“因为;由于”。 I want to go back for my pen. 我想回去拿我的钢笔。 (4) 表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”;“对……(而言)”。 Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。 (5) 表示去向、目的,意为“向;往;取;买”等。 I came here for my schoolbag. 我来这儿取书包。 (6) 表示所属关系或用途,意为“为;适于……的”。 Here is a letter for you. 这儿有你的一封信。 (7) 表示“支持;赞成”,反义词是 against。 Are you for this plan or against it? 你是支持还是反对这个计划? 4. by 的主要用法 (1) 靠;用;通过。 My mother goes to work by bike. 我妈妈骑自行车去上班。 (2) 被;由。 This skirt was made by my mother. 这条短裙是我妈妈做的。 (3) 在……旁边。 There are many trees by the river. 河边有许多树。 (4) 不迟于;在……之前。 We have to get there by evening. 我们必须在夜晚前抵达那里。 5. with 的主要用法 (1) 与……一起;偕同;和。 She lives with her son. 她和儿子住在一起。 (2) 有;具有;带有。 反义词是 without。 The girl with long hair is my classmate. 长头发的那个女孩是我同学。 (3) 以(手段、材料);用(工具)。 My American friend is learning to eat with chopsticks. 我的一位美国朋友在学着用筷子吃饭。 考点二 常用介词词组 1. 动词+介词 look after/ at/ for/ like; laugh at; listen to; hear from/ of; wait for; worry about; talk about/ to/ with; think of/ about; pay for; knock at/ on; shout at/ to; arrive at/ in; get to; ask for; send for; play with; come/ be from; work on; agree with; add to; belong to; devote to; do/ deal with 2. 介词+名词 by train; on foot; at the end of; at last/ first; in the end; in trouble; in danger; in surprise; at table; at breakfast; in hospital; in/ on time; on one's way to; with pleasure; at times; for example; for fun; in bed; in public; on earth; on business; on duty; on foot; on show; on sale; in style 3. be+形容词+介词 be afraid of; be good at; be good/ bad for; be late for; be interested in; be angry with; be full of; be sorry for; be worried about; be famous for; be mad at; be ready for; be different from; be busy with; be strick with/ in; be proud of; be opposite to 考点三 易混介词归纳 1. 表示时间的介词 (1) 词语辨析:in, on 与 at 介词 适用范围 例子 在 某 个 时 间 in 表示在某年、某月、季节、世纪、上午、下午、晚上等 in 2023年, in September, in summer, in the 1890s, in the morning/ afternoon/ evening on 在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、 下午或晚上等 on Monday, on Tuesday afternoon, on May 4th, on the morning of July 6th, on a windy night at 跟具体的钟点 at six o'clock, at ten thirty at 用于和时间有关的固定短语 at noon, at midnight, at first, at last, at night, at the age of, at the beginning of (2) 词语辨析:in, after 在……之后 in+一段时间 指从说话时算起来 的一段时间之后 与将来时连用 My sister will come back in three weeks. 我姐姐将在三周后回来。 after+一段时间 以过去时间为起点 的一段时间之后 与过去时 连用 She came to Shanghai last month and after a week she flew to New York. 她上个月来的上海,一周后她就飞往纽约了。 (3) 词语辨析:since, for since 和 for 都可与现在完成时连用,since 表示从过去的某一时刻一直延续到现在,后面跟过去的时间状语;for 表示动作延续贯穿整个过程,后面跟一段时间。 Mr Green has worked in this city since 2000. 自 2000 年以来格林先生就在这座城市工作。 I have studied here since three yea