2018年5月新SAT北美卷.pdf

明志教育明志教育 2018年5月新SAT北美卷2018年5月新SAT北美卷官方官方QQ交流群交流群1：308463095 官方官方QQ交流群交流群2：362066974 客服电话：客服电话：010-86466630 更多资料请加QQ群：3620669742CONTINUEUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.1 11satfamilysatfamilyUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.2 Reading Test 65 MINUTES,52 QUESTIONS Turn to Section 1 of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.Each passage or pair of passages below is followed by a number of questions.After reading each passage or pair,choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or implied in the passage or passages and in any accompanying graphics(such as a table or graph).Questions 1-10 are based on the following passage.This passage is adapted from Theodore Dreiser,Sister Carrie.Originally published in 1900.Line 5 10 15 20 25 It was not often that she came to the play stirred to her hearts core by actualities.To-day a low song of longing had been set singing in her heart by the finery,the merriment,the beauty she had seen.Oh,these women who had passed her by,hundreds and hundreds strong,who were they?Whence came the rich,elegant dresses,the astonishingly coloured buttons,the knick-knacks of silver and gold?Where were these lovely creatures housed?Amid what elegancies of carved furniture,decorated walls,elaborate tapestries did they move?Where were their rich apartments,loaded with all that money could provide?In what stables champed these sleek,nervous horses and rested the gorgeous carriages?Where lounged the richly groomed footmen?Oh,the mansions,the lights,the perfume,the loaded boudoirs and tables!New York must be filled with such bowers,or the beautiful,insolent,supercilious creatures could not be.Some hothouses held them.It ached her to know that she was not one of themthat,alas,she had dreamed a dream and it had not come true.She wondered at her own solitude these two years pasther indifference to the fact that she had never achieved what she had expected.The play was one of those drawing-room concoctions in which charmingly overdressed ladies and gentlemen suffer the pangs of love and jealousy 30 35 40 45 50 55 amid gilded surroundings.Such bon-mots are ever enticing to those who have all their days longed for such material surroundings and have never had them gratified.They have the charm of showing suffering under ideal conditions.Who would not grieve upon a gilded chair?Who would not suffer amid perfumed tapestries,cushioned furniture,and liveried servants?Grief under such circumstances becomes an enticing thing.Carrie longed to be of it.She wanted to take her sufferings,whatever they were,in such a world,or failing that,at least to simulate them under such charming conditions upon the stage.So affected was her mind by what she had seen,that the play now seemed an extraordinarily beautiful thing.She was soon lost in the world it represented,and wished that she might never return.Between the acts she studied the galaxy of matinee attendants in front rows and boxes,and conceived a new idea of the possibilities of New York.She was sure she had not seen it allthat the city was one whirl of pleasure and delight.Going out,the same Broadway taught her a sharper lesson.The scene she had witnessed coming down was now augmented and at its height.Such a crush of finery and folly she had never seen.It clinched her convictions concerning her state.She had not lived,could not lay claim to having lived,until something of this had come into her own life.Women were spending money like water;she could see that in every elegant shop she passed.Flowers,candy,jewelry,seemed the principal things in which the elegant dames were interested.And sheshe had DIRECTIONS 11CONTINUE 更多资料请加QQ群：3620669743CONTINUEUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.1 11satfamilysatfamilyUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.3 60 65 70 75 scarcely enough pin money to indulge in such outings as this a few times a month.That night the pretty little flat seemed a commonplace thing.It was not what the rest of the world was enjoying.She saw the servant working at dinner with an indifferent eye.In her mind were running scenes of the play.Particularly she remembered one beautiful actressthe sweetheart who had been wooed and won.The grace of this woman had won Carries heart.Her dresses had been all that art could suggest,her sufferings had been so real.The anguish which she had portrayed Carrie could feel.It was done as she was sure she could do it.There were places in which she could even do better.Hence she repeated the lines to herself.Oh,if she could only have such a part,how broad would be her life!She,too,could act appealingly.1 Throughout the passage,the narrator provides insight into Carries character mainly by A)explaining how Carrie is similar to a charactershe sees in a play.B)developing a contrast between how Carrieperceives herself and how she is perceived byothers.C)comparing Carries actual appearance to herperceptions of her appearance.D)juxtaposing Carries perceptions of the city andher impressions at the theater.2 One important theme of the passage developed through the narrators presentation of Carrie is that A)natural talent will languish if it remainsunnourished.B)imagined pleasures have the power to makeeveryday life seem unacceptable.C)no goal is unfeasible so long as it is pursued withstubborn persistence.D)relationships are ultimately more important thanmoney in determining an individuals happiness.3 As used in line 1,“stirred”most nearly means A)moved.B)angered.C)prodded.D)encouraged.4 What main effect do the words“knick-knacks”(line 8)and“concoctions”(line 26)have on the passage?A)They underscore the widespread popularity ofthe things being described.B)They provide insight into the causes underlyingCarries materialistic mind-set.C)They emphasize how little value Carrie actuallyattaches to the things she appears to covet.D)They suggest that the things Carrie is observingought to be regarded as trivial.11CONTINUE 更多资料请加QQ群：3620669744CONTINUEUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.1 11satfamilysatfamilyUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.4 5 The main purpose of the series of questions in the first paragraph is to A)reveal Carries ignorance of the womens private struggles.B)capture the scenes authenticity by providing detailed descriptions of the women.C)emphasize the narrators contempt for the womens displays of affluence.D)develop the narrators portrayal of Carries intense admiration of privileged women.6 Which choice provides the best evidence that the narrator does not share Carries view of the type of play that Carrie attends?A)lines 20-22(“It ached.true”)B)lines 28-31(“Such.gratified”)C)lines 39-41(“So affected.thing”)D)lines 41-43(“She was.return”)7 Based on the passage,Carrie regards her day-to-day lifestyle as one that has A)not been conducive to helping her achieve her ambitions.B)followed a repetitive but productive pattern.C)allowed for interaction with a range of interesting people.D)facilitated her goals as an actress.8 Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?A)lines 22-24(“She wondered.expected”)B)lines 36-39(“She wanted.stage”)C)lines 49-50(“The scene.height”)D)lines 56-68(“Flowers.interested”)1 1 CONTINUE 更多资料请加QQ群：3620669745CONTINUEUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.1 11satfamilysatfamilyUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.5 9 According to the passage,as Carrie views the play,she envies which aspect of the characters lives?A)Their lack of everyday problems B)Their ability to forget the past easily and focus on the present C)Their opportunity to bear their sufferings in fortunate circumstances D)Their open indifference to material possessions 10 According to the passage,Carrie judges the performance of the actress who played the heros sweetheart as A)inferior in certain respects to the performance that she believes herself to be capable of giving.B)dissatisfying in its emphasis on physical grace over emotional authenticity.C)clumsy and melodramatic yet superior to the other actors performances.D)difficult to watch because of the intense suffering it evoked.1 1 CONTINUE 更多资料请加QQ群：3620669746CONTINUEUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.1 11satfamilysatfamilyUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.6 Questions 11-20 are based on the following passage and supplementary material.This passage and accompanying figures are adapted from Giovanni Frazzetto,Joy,Guilt,Anger,Love:What Neuroscience Canand CantTell Us about How We Feel.2013 by Giovanni Frazzetto.Line 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Dr.Anna Abraham wanted to find out whether the brain operates by different mechanisms when it is exposed to a situation that is real as opposed to one that is entirely fictional.So she designed an interesting fMRI-based1 experiment that explored the brains reactions to situations that involved either real or fictional characters.Participants were shown one-sentence written scenarios in which a real person named Peter was involved in situations that included George Bush or Cinderella.In one set of situations,Peter simply received information about both characters.The other set of situations involved direct interactions with the characters.What participants had to do was simple.They had to decide whether the scenarios portrayed were possible or notthat is,if they could indeed happen in the physical reality of the world we live in.How does the brain operate when assessing these two different types of scenarios?The results were intriguing.Common to both types of situation was some level of mental activity in parts of the brain,such as the hippocampus,that are at work when we in general recall facts or events.Such activity was detectable regardless of the nature of the scenariothat is,whether the scenario was informative(when Peter only heard about the characters)or interactive(when he actually met the characters).However,there were a few striking finer distinctions in activity relative to the two scenarios and these depended on the type of character involved.When exposed to scenarios featuring George Busha famous real personthe brain involved the anterior medial prefrontal cortex(amPFC)and the precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex(PCC).The amPFC and the PCC are medial parts of the brain that are involved in autobiographical memory retrieval as well as self-referential thinking.When fictional characters were featured,the brain responded somewhat differently.Parts of the lateral frontal lobe,such as the inferior frontal gyrus(IFG),were more active.The IFG is thought to provide mirroring capacities,but is also involved in high-45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 level language processing.The fact that George Bush was linked to personal memory retrieval but Cinderella was not led the researchers to think that a crucial difference when assessing real or fictional scenarios might lie not so much in the degree of realness of the character involved,but in their relevance to our reality.To test this hypothesis,they peered into the brain of nineteen new volunteers who,as in the previous study,were asked to assess the possibility that a real protagonist could either imagine,hear or dream about or actually interact with a set of characters.However,this time the characters involved in the scenarios were ranked in three categories with differing degrees of personal relevance for the participants:their friends or family(high personal relevance),famous people(medium relevance)and fictional characters(low personal relevance).As predicted,the activation in the amPFC and PCC was indeed proportionally modulated by the degree of relevance of the characters described.It was highest in the case of friends and family members and lowest in the case of fictional characters.The researchers gave the following explanation.When you encounter real characters,even if you have never met them,they will integrate into a wide,comprehensive and intricately connected structure in the conceptual storage of your mind.You are familiar with their basic behavioural features as human beings.You know more or less how they think,what kind of opinions they may produce.You are aware of the range of emotions that you can expect from them.By contrast,your mind is not equally familiar with fictional characters.No matter how much we know about the world of a fictional character there will still be something alien and inscrutable to us about that world.You may have read all the books about a fictional character,but the amount of information you have gathered about that character is still definitely limited compared with the wealth of information that is available to you about members of your family,friends,or famous real people who are part of your immediate and past experience.Basically,in order to understand a fictional character,you need to dig deeper into your imagination,because he or she is bound up to fewer nodes of reference in your network than are real,or relevant,people in your life.1 fMRI is short for“functional magnetic resonance imaging.”1 1 CONTINUE 更多资料请加QQ群：3620669747CONTINUEUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.1 11satfamilysatfamilyUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.7 Figure 1 Figure 2 11 The main purpose of the passage is to A)advocate for more research on how the brain connects real and fictional events.B)inform the reader about the results of experiments on brain function.C)explore how the brain processes factual information.D)argue that the way the brain processes fictional situations is widely misunderstood.12 As used in line 19,“operate”most nearly means A)manipulate.B)exercise.C)function.D)conduct.13 Which choice best supports the claim that there are important similarities between how the brain responds to scenarios involving real people and how it responds to those involving fictional people?A)lines 21-24(“Common.events”)B)lines 28-31(“However.involved”)C)lines 71-76(“You are.them”)D)lines 80-87(“You may.experience”)1 1 CONTINUE 更多资料请加QQ群：3620669748CONTINUEUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.1 11satfamilysatfamilyUnauthorized copying or reuse of any part of this page is illegal.8 14 It can reasonably be inferred from the passage that the results of Abrahams experiments showed that A)interactive scenarios resulted in finer distinctions in brain activity than did informative scenarios.B)both interactive and informative scenarios required memory recall.C)informative scenarios were more likely to be considered possible than were interactive scenarios.D)all scenarios yielded some unclassifiable brain activity.15 The greatest increase in activity in the amPFC of a research subjects brain would most likely be observed in scenarios in whic