211翻译硕士英语.doc

试题 科目代码: 211 科目名称: 翻译硕士英语 注意：答案必须全部写在考点提供的答题纸上，写在试题上无效；答案要标注题号，答题纸要填写姓名和考号，并标注页码与总页数；交卷时，将答题纸与试题一起装入原试卷袋，用我校提供的密封条密封并签名。 Part I Grammar and Vocabulary （30%）（每小题1分） Choose the best answers and mark your answers on your answer sheet. 1. The town maintains very many Chinese traditions which are among the highest achievements of those who created the ________ we now enjoy. A. heritage B. inheritance C. genetics D. estate 2. The twin brothers showed great _______ to their elder sister, who had acted as sole parent to them since their parents died during the American Civil War. A. allegiance B. devotion C. compliance D. admiration 3. Night patrols were sent out to engage the enemy in a series of small _______. A. battles B. fight C. skirmishes D. clash 4. The old building has an ________ air of sadness about it. A. insurmountable B. insuperable C. intangible D. insurable 5. For many patients, institutional care is the most _______ and beneficial form of care. A. pertinent B. appropriate C. acute D. persistent 6. She’s not a very valuable member of the debate team, actually----she loves making speeches, but she’s not very good at ______ opponents’ argument. A. rendering B. refuting C. resolving D. impeding 7. Martin Luther King, Jr., testified to the _____ effect of The Strange Career of Jim Crow on the civil rights movement by praising the book and quoting it frequently. A. pervasive B. wary C. novel D. profound 8. Jean Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it be analyzed in a religious, as well as ______ , frame of reference. A. scant B. secular C. simultaneous D. salubrious 9. If you are an athlete, strong abdominal muscles help you ensure a strong back and freedom from injury during _______ upper-body movement. A. valiant B. variable C. vigilant D. vigorous 10. You are now not wanted; you are now ______ from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. A. included B. concluded C. precluded D. excluded 11. There is much I enjoy about the changing seasons, but my favorite time is the _______ from fall to winter. A. transmission B. transformation C. transition D. transfer 12. After four years in the same job his enthusiasm finally _______. A. deteriorated B. dispersed C. dissipated D. drained 13. The wings of the bird still _______ after it had been shot down. A. slapped B. scratched C. flapped D. fluctuated 14. Their diplomatic principles completely laid bare their _______ for world conquest. A. admiration B. ambition C. administration D. orientation 15. What the correspondent sent us is an _______ news report. We can depend on t. A. evident B. authentic C. ultimate D. immediate 16. The computer hacker coined the term virtual reality. A. made into coins B. invented C. made a lot of money D. earned money 17. Now and in the future, we will live as free people, not in fear and never at the mercy of any foreign powers. A. For the sake of B. at the cost of C. in the interest of D. under the control of 18. Most college students in the United States live away from home. A. apart B. down C. elsewhere D. along 19. Applicants will be asked to provide information on how they will disseminate information to other students at their university or college. A. disclose B. deliver C. spread D. analyze 20. The senator agreed that his support of the measure would jeopardize his chances for reelection. A. benefit B. endanger C. hinder D. disturb 21. “It seems that she was there at the conference.” The sentence means that_______. A. she seems to be there at the conference. B. she seemed to be there at the conference. C. she seems to have been there at the conference. D. she seemed to being there at the conference. 22. Each book and each paper______ found in its place. A. are B. is C. have been D. be 23. Unfortunately she married ___________ . A. a husband of a devil B. a devil of a husband C. her husband of her devil D. a devil of the husband 24.___________ recommendation has so far been made by the technicians. A. Several such B. No such a C. Such no D. No such 25. Come and see me whenever ______.      A. you are convenient                                                 B. you will be convenient           C. it is convenient to you                                         D. it will be convenient to you 26. The soldier was accused of ____ his country. A. betraying B. having betrayed C. being betrayed D. having been betrayed 27.Your aunt invites you to the movies today ---I had rather she ____ me tomorrow than today A. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told 28. Water enters into a great variety of chemical reactions, _____have been mentioned in previous pages. A. a few of what B. a few of which C. a few of that D. a few of them 29._____ he needed money for a few car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank. (98, 48) A. Much as B. Much though C. As much D. Though much 30. China is not _____ she used to be. A. that B. which C. like D. what Part II Reading Comprehension (40%) Section 1 Multiple-choice Questions. (30%) （每小题2分） In this section, there are three passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answer on your ANSWER SHEET. Passage One Of all the components of a good night's sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise” – the random byproducts of the neural repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “offline”. And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. “It’s your dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’s Medical Center, “if you don’t like it, change it.” Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during REM(rapid eye movement) sleep--when most vivid dreams occur--as it is when fully awake, says Dr. Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the ---- emotional brain) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning ) is relatively quiet. “ We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day”, says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement. The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. Most people seem to have more had dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events ---- until, it appears, we begin to dream. And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep. At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or "we wake up in panic,” Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep—or rather dream—on it and you’ll feel better in the morning. 1. By saying that “dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, ” (Para. 1) the researchers mean that ________. A. we can think logically in the dreams too B. dreams can be brought under conscious control C. dreams represent our unconscious desires and fears D. dreams can help us keep our mood comparatively stable 2. What did Cartwright find in her clinic? A. Most bad dreams were followed by happier ones. B. Divorced couples usually have more bad dreams. C. One’s dreaming process is related to his emotion. D. People having negative feelings dream more often. 3. Cartwright believed with much practice we can learn to _______. A. control what dreams t dream B. sleep well without any dreams C. wake up in time to stop the bad dreams D. identify what is upsetting about the dreams 4. The author points out that a person who has constant bad dreams should ______. A. learn to control his dreams B. consult a doctor C. sleep and dream on it D. get rid of anxiety first 5. The author most probably thinks that controlling dreams is _______. A. a good practice B. a new discovery C. helpful for everyone D. not essential for everyone Passage Two One thing the tour books don't tell you about London is that 2,000 of its residents are foxes. As native as the royal family, they fled the city about centuries ago after developers and pollution moved in. But now that the environment is cleaner, the foxes have come home, one of the many wild animals that have moved into urban areas around the world. "The number and variety of wild animals in urban areas is increasing," says Gomer Jones, president of the National Institute for Urban Wildlife, in Columbia, Maryland. A survey of the wildlife in New York's Central Park last year tallied the species of mammals, including muskrats, shrews and flying squirrels. A similar survey conducted in the 1890s counted only five species. One of the country’s largest populations of raccoons now lives in Washington D.C., and moose are regularly seen wandering into Maine towns. Peregrine falcons dive from the window ledges of buildings in the largest U.S. cities to prey on pigeons. Several changes have brought wild animals to the asphalt jungles – and, vice verse. Foremost is that air and water quality in many cities has improved as a result of the 1970s pollution-control efforts. Meanwhile, rural areas have been built up, leaving many animals on the edges of suburbia. In addition, conservationists have created urban wildlife refuges . The Greater London Council last year spent￡750,000 to buy land and build 10 permanent wildlife refuges in the city. Over 1,000 volunteers have donated money and cleared rubble from derelict lots. As a result, pheasants now strut in the East End and badgers scuttle across lawns near the center of town. A colony of rare house martins nests on a window ledge beside Harrods, and one evening last year a fox was seen on Westminster Bridge looking up at Big Ben. For peregrine falcons, cities are actually safer than rural cliff dwellings. By 1970 the birds were extinct east of the Mississippi because the DDT had made their eggs too thin to support life That year, scientist Tom Cade of Cornell University began raising the birds for release in cities, for cities afforded abundant food. Cities can attract wild animals without turning them harmful. The trick is to create habitats where they can be self-sufficient but still be seen and appreciated. Such habitats can even be functional. In San Francisco, the local government is testing different kinds of rainwater control basins to see not only which ones retain the cleanest water but which will attract the most birds. 6. The first paragraph suggests that ________. A. environment is crucial for wildlife   B. tour books are not always a reliable source of information C. London is a city of fox D. foxes are highly adaptable to environment 7. Which of the following is NOT a reason that wildlife is returning to the cities? A. Food is plentiful in the cities. B. Wildlife is appreciated in the cities. C. Wildlife refuges have been built in the cities. D. Air and water quality has improved in the cities. 8. The underlined word “tallied” in Para.2 means ________. A. distinguished B. described C. counted D. excluded 9. It can be inferred from the passage that _______. A. Londoners are putting more and more wild animals into their zoos. B. Londoners are happy to see wild animals return to their cities. C. Londoners are trying to move wild animals back to the countryside. D. Londoners have welcomed the wild birds, but found foxes a problem. 10. What is the passage mainly about? A. Wildlife returning to London. B. Foxes returning to London C. Wild animals living in zoo. D. A survey of wildlife in New York. Passage Three Evidence suggests that an important stimulus behind the rise of early civilizations was the development of settled agriculture, which unleashed a series of changes in the organization of human communities that culminated in the rise of large ancient empires. The exact time and place that crops were first cultivated successfully is uncertain. Many prehistorians believe that farming may have emerged in dependently in several different areas of the world when small communities, driven by increasing population and a decline in available food resources, began to plant seeds in the ground in an effort to guarantee their survival. The first farmers, who may have lived as long as 10,000 years ago, undoubtedly used simple techniques and still relied primarily on other forms of food production, such as hunting, foraging, or pastoralism. The real breakthrough took place when farmers began to cultivate crops along the flood plains of river systems. The advantage was that crops grown in such areas were not as dependent on rainfall and therefore produced a more reliable harvest. An additional benefit was the sediment carried by the river waters deposited nutrients in the soil, thus enabling the farmer to cultivate a single plot of ground for many years without moving to a new location. Thus, the first truly sedentary (that is, nonmigratory) societies were born. As time went on, such communities gradually learned how to direct the flo