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中考题型全接触
中考
题型
接触
精练
单项
选择
馨雅资源网
中考题型一 单项选择
§1.基础语法
(一)名词
近两年河北及全国对名词的测试,重点考查名词的词义辨析和语义识别。名词所有格形式一直是中考热点。名词在中考中所占分数不多,一般为2—4分,占全卷分数的2%左右,题型多为填空题、选择题。随着“淡化语法,注重语言运用和交际”这个理念被广泛认同,预计2015年中考对名词的考查仍会呈上升趋势。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表
名词
年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
30,52,82
单项选择,完形填空,
词语运用
3
2012
30,53,55,85
单项选择,完形填空,
词语运用
4
2013
29,49,50,51
单项选择,完形填空,
词语应用
4
2014
30,50,55,81
单项选择,完形填空,
词语应用
4
可数名词
不可数名词
分单、复数两种形式
desk→desks;
bus→buses
没有复数形式
tea;
meat
前面可用基数词、不定冠词修饰
three boys;
an orange
不可以被基数词或不定冠词直接修饰,若表示数量可用“单位词+不可数名词”
a piece of paper;
two cups of tea
可数名词的复数前可用many,some,any修饰
many
teachers;
some friends
可用much,
some,any修饰
much
bread;some
milk
【特例清单】
有些名词既是可数名词,又是不可数名词,但意义有所不同。如:
work(工作)—a work(著作)
glass(玻璃)—a glass(玻璃杯)
paper(纸)—a paper(报纸;文件;试卷)
wood(木头)—a wood(小树林)
room(空间)—a room(房间)
chicken(鸡肉)—a chicken(小鸡)
fish(鱼肉)—fishes(各种各样的鱼)
orange(橘子汁)—an orange(橘子)
【经典再现】
1.The student didn't find much __C__ about the topic on that website.(2014,河北邢台市一模)
A.report B.article
C.information D.story
2.If you go to visit London,don't forget your __D__ because it rains a lot.(2014,唐山路南区一模)
A.passport B.money
C.map D.umbrella
3.—Can I help you,sir?
—I'd like to have 100 __B__.I want my students to draw pictures.(2014,河北初中毕业升学模拟二)
A.piece of paper B.pieces of paper
C.pieces of papers D.pieces paper
4.—Could you please move over a little and make some __C__ for me?
—Sure,please.(2014,滦南县一模)
A.place B.seat
C.room D.ground
5.The old man can't hear us well because there's something wrong with his __A__.(2014,淮安)
A.ears B.nose C.mouth D.eyes
6.The boy didn't sleep well last night because of the __B__from the factory.(2014,平凉)
A.voice B.noise C.music D.song
7.—Could you tell me something about the boy who helped you just now?(2014,秦皇岛二模)
—Sorry,I know nothing about him.We are __D__.
A.friends B.neighbors
C.classmates D.strangers
8.—How many __C__ would you like?
—Two,please.I have a friend here.(2014,河北预测卷(二))
A.cup of tea B.cup of teas
C.cups of tea D.cups of teas
9.Lee is new in China,a __D__ will be helpful for his tour.(2014,保定市毕业考试)
A.notebook B. ticket
C.watch D.map
10.—Oh, a nice photo! Is this your uncle's child?
—Yes, it is my __D__.(2014,陕西)
A.sister B.brother C.daughter D.cousin
情况
构成方法
例词
一般情况
加s
cap→caps;dog→dogs;
driver→drivers
以字母s,sh,ch,x等结尾
加es
bus→buses;wish→wishes;watch→watches;box→boxes
以辅音字母+y结尾
变y为i再加es
lady→ladies;
family→families;
story→stories
以f或fe结尾
变f/fe为v,再加es
leaf→leaves;life→lives;
knife→knives
以o结尾
o前为辅音音素加es;o前为元音音素加s
tomato→tomatoes;hero→heroes;radio→radios;zoo→zoos;photo→photos;piano→pianos
复合名词
将后一个词变为复数
toothbrush→toothbrushes
两部分都变复数
man doctor→men doctors
特殊名词
改变内部元音
foot→feet;tooth→teeth;
man→men;mouse→mice
词尾加ren
child→children
单复数同形
Chinese→Chinese;
sheep→sheep;deer→deer
【特例清单】
1.“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词,中间的名词须用单数形式。如:
a tenstoryhigh building一幢10层高的楼房
a 100meter race一场百米赛跑
2.以s结尾的名词,有的作单数使用,有的作复数使用。
(1)以s结尾的学科类名词,一般是不可数名词。如:maths,physics,politics等。
(2)表示由两部分构成的物体的名词,形式上可数,若表达具体数目时,要借助数量词pair来表示,其单复数形式取决于pair的单复数形式。如:a pair of trousers。
(3)以复数形式出现的书名、剧名、报纸、杂志名词,看作单数名词。如:the New York Times(《纽约时报》);the Arabian Nights(《一千零一夜》)。
(4)以s结尾的表示国家、组织或公司名称的专有名词,通常被看做单数。如:the United States(美利坚合众国);the United Nations(联合国)。
(5)以s结尾的表示群岛、山脉、瀑布等自然景观的专有名词,通常被看做复数。如:the Olympic Games(奥林匹克运动会)。
【经典在现】
11.Little Mike's mother was proud of him because he drew plenty of __D__ and one of them won the top prize last year.(2014,哈尔滨)
A.paint B.painting
C.paintinges D.paintings
12.—Would you like some __C__?
—Oh,yes,just a little.(2014,张家口市一模)
A.pears B.oranges
C.milk D.grape
13.Living in the city has many __A__ such as good schools,big shopping centres and so on.(2014,河北预测卷一)
A.advantages B.activities
C.difficulties D.communication
14.The students of Grade 7 visited Mike's farm and saw many __C__ there.(2014,河北预测卷二)
A.bird B.duck C.sheep D.rabbit
15.—We know that African wild elephants are in __D__now.(2014,河北预测卷七)
—So we must take actions to protect them.
A.safety B.mystery
C.secret D.danger
16.—Lily, let's make vegetable salad.
—How many __A__do we need?(2014,贵阳)
A.tomatoes B.oranges
C.potato D.tomatos
17.Could you teach me how to use these __B__ to cut the food,Uncle?(2013,唐山路北区二模)
A.glass B.knives C.pens D.fruit
18.Now people pay more attention to the safety of __A__.Everyone wants to eat healthily.(2013,石家庄初中毕业质检题)
A.food B.clothes
C.buildings D.travels
19.Waiter,I just would like several __B__.Please be in a hurry.(2013,河北初中毕业升学押题卷)
A.orange B.apples C.bread D.milk
20.There are fifty __D__ in our school. They are all friendly to us.(2014,安顺)
A.woman teachers B.women teacher
C.woman teacher D.women teachers
类型
构成方法
例子
有生命的名词(人或动物)
在词尾加's
Tom's book;
the dog's ears
以s,es结尾的复数名词只加'
the students' desks;
the teachers' office
不以(e)s结尾的复数名词加's
men's clothes;Children's Day;Women's Day
无生命的名词
时间、世界、国家、城市等
一般在词尾加's
China's capital;the world's population;today's news
其他
一般用of结构
the door of the room;a map of the world
【特例清单】
1.用and连接两个并列名词的所有格:
(1)当and连接的两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加's。如:
Mary and her sister's bedroom玛丽和她姐姐共有的卧室
(2)当and连接的两个并列名词表示分别拥有各自的物品时,两个名词都在词尾加's表示所有关系。如:
Tom's and Mary's bags 汤姆和玛丽他们各自的包
2.表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时,常在表示职业的名词或姓氏后加上's代表场所。如:
a tailor's裁缝铺;a doctor's诊所;my sister's我姐姐的家;Chaplin's卓别林的家
【经典在现】
21.__B__ brother is at the top of the mountain.He is waving his hand.(2014,张家口市一模)
A.Lucy and lily B.Lucy and Lily's
C.Lucy's and Lily D.Lucy's and Lily's
22.I'll pay a __B__ visit to London this summer vacation.How about you?(2014,唐山路北区)
A.five days B.fiveday
C.fiveday's D.fivedays'
23.My house is about 25 __C__ drive from the airport.(2014,石家庄长安区质检)
A.minutes B.minute
C.minutes' D.minute's
24.The prices of __D__ shoes run from $30 to $90.(2013,石家庄)
A.man B.man's
C.men D.men's
25.—Dave,is this your English textbook?
—No,it isn't mine.Maybe it's __A__.(2013,邢台市一模)
A.Jim's B.he
C.him D.Jim
26.In a few __B__ time,the whole mountain will be covered with green grass.(2013,廊坊广阳二模)
A.year B.years' C.year's D.years
27.I will have a __D__ trip next week.(2013,唐山丰南区二模)
A.five days B.fiveday's
C.five day's D.fiveday
28.I don't think cooking is just __C__ work.(2013,沧州一模)
A.mother's B.mothers's
C.mothers' D.mothers
29.Everyone __C__ have at least eight ______ sleep at night.(2013,衡水五校联考二模)
A.need;hour's B.need to;hours'
C.needs to;hours' D.needs;hours'
30.__C__ mothers both work in the same hospital.(2013,唐山市路南区一模)
A.Tim and Peter's B.Tim's and Peter
C.Tim's and Peter's D.Tim and Peter
(二)冠词
纵观近五年的河北中考,每一年在单项选择题中都有至少一题考查的是冠词的用法。其考查重点集中在表示特指和表示类别的定冠词和不定冠词的用法上。对零冠词的考查主要以固定短语的形式出现。预计2015年河北中考对冠词的考查与往年区别不大。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表
冠词
年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
26
单项选择
1
2012
26
单项选择
1
2013
26
单项选择
1
2014
26
单项选择
1
用法
例子
1.a用在辅音音素前,an用在元音音素前。
This is a useful book.
He is an honest boy.
2.用于第一次提到的、表示人或物的可数单数名词前,表示“一个”,相当于one。
Here is a map of the United States.
续表:
3.用在可数的、单数形式的普通名词前,表示价格、速度、时间、频率等度量上的“每一”等。
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
We take computer lessons once a week.
4.抽象名词在某些情况下可以与不定冠词连用,表示“一种、一场”等。
It's a pleasure to have a chat with you.
5.用在单数名词前,表示一类人或物中的任何一个。
A knife is used for cutting.
6.用在序数词前表示“又一、再一”等。
He copied the article a third time.
7.用于固定短语中。
have a look,a lot of,have a good time,a few
【特例清单】
1.有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头,但使用不定冠词an。如:hour和honest以辅音字母h开头,但h并不发音,因此用an。
2.有些单词虽然是以元音字母开头,但使用不定冠词a。如:useful和university以元音字母u开头,但u发/ju/音,故使用a。
3.表示成套的东西时,两个并列的名词前只能用一个不定冠词。如:
a knife and fork一套刀叉
a table and chair一套桌椅
【经典再现】
1.__C__ old man in front of Tom is ______ artist.(2014,滦县一模)
A.An;an B.A;the C.The;an D.The;a
2.There is __B__ new magazine on the desk.(2014,唐山路北区一模)
A.the B.a C.an D./
3.He's such __B__ honest boy that everyone likes him.(2014,定兴县一模)
A.a B.an C.the D./
4.—How was your weekend in Baoding?
—The restaurants in Baoding are really nice.I had __A__ wonderful time.(2014,保定市毕业试题)
A.a B.an C.the D./
5.There is __C__ apple tree in my garden.It's over 20 years old.(2014,石家庄十八县市联考)
A.the B.a C.an D./
6.My mother is good at cooking and she is __A__ wonderful cook.(2014,邯郸市二模)
A.a B.an C.the D./
7.How many minutes are there in __B__ hour?(2014,定州市一模)
A.a B.an C.the D./
8.The old woman with __A__ orange hat is my grandmother.(2014,河北初中毕业预测卷二)
A.an B.the C.a D./
9.We judge __B__ person not by what he says but by what he does.(2014,河北初中毕业预测)
A.an B.a C./ D.the
10.Lee Minho is __C__ actor from South Korea. He sang ______ Chinese pop song on the 2014 CCTV New Year's Gala.(2014,连云港)
A.the;an B./; the C.an;a D.a; /
用法
例子
1.用于谈话双方都清楚的名词前,表示特指。
Tom,come to the blackboard,please.
2.用于再次被提到的名词前。
There is a book on the desk.
The book is Tom's.
3.和一些名词连用,表示类别。
The light bulb was invented by Edison.
4.用于被形容词、介词短语或定语从句修饰的名词前。
Hand me the new book,please.
5.用于形容词的最高级或序数词前。
Tom is the tallest in our class.
6.用在世界上独一无二的事物或乐器前。
the sun,the moon,
play the piano
7.用于姓氏的复数前表示“一家人”或“夫妇”。
The Greens are at breakfast table.
8.与某些形容词连用表示一类人或事物。
The young should help the old.
9.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
the Great Wall,the United States
10.用于一些固定短语中。
by the way,in the end
【经典再现】
11.This novel can make you laugh and cry at __C__ same time.(唐山路南一模)
A.a B.an C.the D./
12.This is __D__ way I've told you.(2014,邢台市一模)
A.an B.a C./ D.the
13.I like the picture very much because __C__ colors match well.(2014,石家庄新华区质检)
A.a B.an C.the D./
14.—How do you feel about __A__ book with green cover?
—It's interesting.(2014,张家口市一模)
A.the B.a C.an D./
15.Few students raised their hands when the teacher asked __C__ question “Who likes grammar?”.(2014,石家庄长安区质检)
A.a B.an C.the D./
16.Jack bought __B__ useful book. ______ book is also very interesting.(2014,大城县三模)
A.an;The B.a;The C.the;/ D.a;A
17.—Do you know __C__ girl in green?
—She is our monitor.(2013,河北)
A.a B.an C.the D./
18.My cousin went abroad at __C__age of eighteen.(2014,杭州)
A.a B.an C.the D./
19.He began to play __C__ violin at the age of five.(2013,河北初中毕业升学押题卷)
A.a B.an C.the D./
20.__B__ man riding a motorbike is ______ university teacher.(2013,唐山市路南区一模)
A.A;an B.The;a C.The;an D.A;the
用法
例子
1.在专有名词或不可数名词前。
Paper is made of wood.
2.名词前有指示代词、物主代词或不定代词作定语。
Go along this road.
Every student likes English in our class.
3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。
My parents are teachers.
4.在节日、日期、月份、季节前。
Today is Children's Day.
It's hot in summer.
5.在一日三餐、球类运动、学科的名词前。
He went to school without breakfast.
Let's play football after school.
6.在某些固定短语中。
in bed,in hospital,on foot
【特例清单】
1.如果三餐名词之前有定语修饰时,可加不定冠词。如:
We had a wonderful lunch.
2.如果季节、月份或日期名词被一个限定词修饰时,前面可加定冠词。如:
He came to Beijing in the winter of 1999.
3.由festival组成的中国特有的节日前要加定冠词the。如:
the Spring Festival春节
the Lantern Festival元宵节
4.某些短语中有无冠词the,意义会大不相同。如:
(1)go to school去上学;go to the school到(所指的)学校去
(2)at table用餐,在吃饭;at the table在桌边
(3)in hospital生病住院;in the hospital在医院里(并非生病住院)
(4)in front of在……前面(范围之外);in the front of在……前部(范围之内)
(5)by sea(=by ship)乘船,走水路;by the sea在海边
(6)in class在上课;in the class在班上
(7)in place of替代;in the place of在……地方
【经典再现】
21.—What __B__ cold weather!
—Yes.But it's ______ unusual experience for us who always live in a hot place.(2014,秦皇岛市海港区二模)
A./;a B./;an C.an;/ D.a;an
22.My cousin was good at playing __D__ chess.(2014,石家庄28中质检)
A.a B.an C.the D./
23.We all like to go swimming in __D__ summer.(2013,廊坊广阳二模)
A.a B.an C.the D./
24.__B__ children in our neighborhood have ______ good time on ______ Children's Day.(2014,河北方舟预测卷一)
A./;a;the B.The;a;/
C.a;the;/ D./;/;the
25.The Whites often go to __A__ church on Saturdays and go to ______ cinema on Sundays.(2014,河北预测卷五)
A./;the B.the;the C.the;/ D./;/
26.Hurry up!If we miss __C__ last bus,we'll have to go home by ______ taxi.(2014,河北预测卷三)
A.the;the B.the;a C.the;/ D.a;/
27.—Let's play __A__ soccer.
—I don't have ______ soccer ball.(2013,宜宾)
A./;a B.the;a C.a;the D./;the
28.—What do you usually have for __D__ breakfast?
—A piece of bread and ______ egg.(2013,天津)
A.a;an B./;the C.a;the D./;an
29.I think it's really __D__ hard work for me to finish the job in twenty minutes.(2013,杭州)
A.a B.an C.the D./
30.—Would you like to come to my party this afternoon?
—I'd like to, but my mother is ill in __D__ hospital, I will go to ______ hospital to see her.
A./;a B.a;the C.the;the D./;the
(三)代词
近几年河北及全国中考对代词的考查重点是不定代词、物主代词、反身代词和关系代词。代词在中考中所占的分数不多,一般为2—4分,占全卷总分数的2%左右。题型多为单项选择、词语运用和完形填空等。预计2015年河北中考对代词的考查仍以不定代词和人称代词为主,继续贯彻“交际性原则”,语境将会变得复杂,从而考查学生对语言的使用能力。
2011—2014年河北中考试题分析表
代词
年份
题号
题型
分值
2011
27,43,81
单项选择,词语运用
3
2012
27,34
单项选择
2
2013
27,30,54
单项选择,完形填空
3
2014
27,29,53
单项选择,完形填空
3
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he,she,it
him,her,it
they
them
【特例清单】
1.人称代词的排列顺序分三种情况:
复数人称按照we→you→they;单数人称按照you→he/she→I;第三人称男女并用时按照he→she。
2.在包含双宾语的句子中,如果直接宾语是人称代词it或them,间接宾语要放在直接宾语的后面。如:
Please pass it to me.(不能说Please pass me it.)
3.Let's和let us用法不完全相同:
Let's是let us的缩写形式,多用来表示劝告或建议,包括谈话的双方;而let us则不包括对方。另外,let's的反意疑问句用shall we来反问,let us的反意疑问句则用will you来反问。
4.代词it的用法
(1)用来代替上文中提到的特定事物,可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词。如:
Your father has bought you a new computer.Do you like it?
(2)当说话人对所涉及的人的身份、姓名不清楚或看不出来、听不出来时,常用it来代替和当时某一事物、某动作有关的那个人。如:
There was a knock at the door.“Who is it?”Mother came to the door and asked.
(3)为了保持句子的平衡,可以用it来代替动词不定式,在句子中作形式主语或形式宾语。如:
It's very interesting to swim in the river.
【经典再现】
1.I'm talking to you,Jack.Please listen to __A__ carefully.(2014,唐山路南区一模)
A.me B.mine
C.you D.yours
2.Aunt Tina will visit us soon. __B__ is arriving tomorrow morning.(2014,重庆)
A.He B.She C.His D.Her
3.I hear Mr Smith will teach __D__ English next term.(2014,秦皇岛市二模)
A.we B.our C.ours D.us
4.Danny will invite my friends and __C__ to his birthday party next Sunday.(2014,邯郸市二模)
A.I B.my C.me D.mine
5.I have some news for __C__.______ is good news.(2014,河北中考预测卷三)
A.your;It B.your;They
C.you;It D.you;They
6.—Susan, go and join your sister in cleaning the yard.
—Why __C__? John is sitting there doing nothing at all.(2014,黄冈)
A.I B.myself C.me D.mine
7.My parents give __B__ some old pictures that brought back sweet memories.(2014,河北省教研实模拟卷一)
A.I B.me C.my D.mine
8.This morning Diana invited __C__ to ______ birthday party.(2014,河北省教研室模拟)
A.I;her B.I;hers C.me;her D.me;hers
9.The best and most beautiful things cannot be seen.__B__ must be f