精品解析：2022年陕西省中考英语真题（B卷）（解析版）.docx

2022年陕西省初中学业水平考试 英语试卷 B卷 注意事项: 1.本试卷分为第一部分(听力)和第二部分(笔试)。全卷共10页,总分120分。考试时间120分钟。 2.领到试卷和答题卡后,请用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔,分别在试卷和答题卡上填写姓名和准考证号, 同时用2B铅笔在答题卡上填涂对应的试卷类型信息点(A或B)。 3.请在答题卡上各题的指定区域内作答,否则作答无效。 4.考试结束, 本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分(听力 共30分) I. 听选答案(共15小题，计20分) 第一节:听下面10段对话, 每段对话后有一个问题，读两遍。请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题，从所给的三个选项中选出最恰当的一项。(共10小题，计10分) 1. A. Peter. B. Jack. C. Tom. 2. A. Under her book. B. Behind her schoolbag. C. On her pencil box. 3. A. Worried. B. Surprised. C. Happy. 4. A. Green. B. Black. C. White. 5. A. A dancer. B. A singer. C. An actor. 6. A.60 yuan. B.50 yuan. C.40 yuan. 7. A. She has a headache. B. She has a toothache. C. She has a stomachache. 8. A. Mother and son. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter. 9. A. Draw on the book. B. Draw on the paper. C. Draw on the wall. 10. A. An hour and a half. B. An hour. C. Half an hour. 第二节:听下面两段对话,每段对话后有几道小题，请根据对话的内容,从题目所给的三个选项中选出所给问题的最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。(共5小题，计10分) 听第11段对话,回答第11、12小题。 11. What are the two speakers going to do after school? A. Play tennis. B. Play volleyball. C. Play ping-pong. 12. What does Wang Tao think of the teacher? A. He's friendly. B. He's strict. C. He's humorous. 听第12段对话,回答第13至15小题。 13. What is Li Ming busy doing these days? A. Practicing for an English speech. B. Preparing for an English play. C. Studying for an English exam. 14. How did Li Ming improve his spoken English? A. By repeating after English news. B. By listening to English songs. C. By reading English aloud. 15. Why did Li Ming spend so much time on spoken English? A. To travel around the world. B. To be an English teacher in the future. C. To tell Chinese stories better in English. II.听填信息(共5小题，计10分) 本题你将听到一段独白,读两遍。请根据独白内容,用所听到的单词或短语完成下列各题。(每空限填一个单词。) 16. Wang Runyu _______ _______ in the city of Ankang. 17. He is talking about his _______. 18. Every week, he practices singing _______ times. 19. He believes singing is _______ _______ people in many ways. 20. Runyu feels really _______ because he can bring others pleasure. 第二部分(笔试共90分) I.完形填空(共20小题，计20分) 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Dear Museum Scientists, My name is Yang Jingjing. ____1____ live by the sea, near a mangrove swamp (红树林沼泽地). My mom is ____2____ tour guide. She knows a lot about the mangrove swamp. She loves ____3____ people the beautiful animals that live there. I am writing to you ____4____ I’m worried about what is happening near my home. The mangroves are home to many ____5____ such as birds, butterflies, snakes and so on. Down in the water under the trees are homes of fish and shrimp. The mangroves also protect us ____6____ wind, waves and floods (浪潮与水灾). However, in the past few years, things ____7____ greatly. These changes bring lots of worries to more and more people. New neighborhoods (社区) ____8____ last year and the year before. It turned the place with mangroves into stores, houses, cinemas, restaurants and car parks. What is even ____9____, all these things are still going on! What will happen to the animals that live in the mangroves? I don’t know ____10____. How I wish we can find a way to live together with the mangroves and animals! Sincerely yours, Yang Jingjing 1. A. My B. Mine C. I D. Me 2. A. a B. an C. the D. / 3. A. show B. to show C. give D. to give 4. A. although B. before C. because D. unless 5. A. plant B. plants C. animal D. animals 6. A. from B. with C. about D. for 7. A. has changed B. have changed C. is changing D. are changing 8. A. build B. are built C. built D. were built 9. A. bad B. worse C. good D. better 10. A. what we can do B. what can we do C. how we can do D. how can we do 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家附近有红树林沼泽地，但是最近几年，建造了很多的建筑物，导致红树林沼泽地在逐渐减少，作者希望能找到一个方法和红树林和动物和谐相处。 【1题详解】 句意：我住在海边，靠近红树林沼泽。 My我的，形容词性物主代词；Mine我的，名词性物主代词；I我，代词主格；Me我，代词宾格。此处表示“我”，作主语，用代词主格。故选C。 【2题详解】 句意：我妈妈是一名导游。 a一个，不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词。此处泛指一个导游，tour以辅音音素开头，用a。故选A。 【3题详解】 句意：她喜欢向人们展示生活在那里的美丽动物。 show展示，动词原形；to show动词不定式；give给，动词原形；to give动词不定式。love to do sth.“喜欢做某事”，根据“people the beautiful animals”可知是向人们展示。故选B。 【4题详解】 句意：我给你写信是因为我担心我家附近发生的事情。 although虽然；before在……之前；because因为；unless除非。根据“I am writing to you...I’m worried about what is happening near my home”可知前后是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导。故选C。 【5题详解】 句意：红树林是许多动物的家园。 plant植物，名词原形；plants植物，名词复数；animal动物，名词单数；animals名词复数。根据“such as birds, butterflies, snakes and so on”可知这些都是动物，many后加名词复数。故选D。 【6题详解】 句意：红树林还保护我们免受风、浪和洪水的侵袭。 from来自；with和；about关于；for为了。protect...from“保护……免受”。故选A。 【7题详解】 句意：然而，在过去的几年里，情况发生了很大的变化。 has changed已经改变，现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数；have changed现在完成时，主语是名词复数；is changing现在进行时，主语是第三人称单数；are changing现在进行时，主语是名词复数。根据“in the past few years”可知句子使用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词用have。故选B。 【8题详解】 句意：去年和前一年建造了新的社区。 build建造，动词原形；are built一般现在时的被动；built动词过去式或过去分词；were built一般过去时的被动。主语“New neighborhoods”和谓语之间是被动关系，根据“last year”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 【9题详解】 句意：更糟糕的是，这一切还在继续！ bad坏的，形容词原形；worse更差，比较级；good好的，形容词原形；better更好，比较级。even后加比较级，且此处表示“更糟糕的是”。故选B。 【10题详解】 句意：我不知道我们能做什么。 what we can do我们能做什么，陈述语序；what can we do疑问语序；how we can do我们如何做，陈述语序；how can we do我们如何做，疑问语序。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除BD；do后缺少宾语，用what引导宾语从句。故选A。 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 One morning when Liu Tao woke up, he jumped out of his bed happily. He had a ____11____ idea. He would build a tree house! Liu Tao asked his dad, “Is it OK if I build a tree house in the old tree outside the ____12____?” “It’s not only OK,” said Dad. “I’ll even ____13____ you build it.” When they finished breakfast, both of them went out to the ____14____ in their garden and began to measure (测量). Then they got some boards and started to ____15____ them with a saw (锯子). When the pieces were ready, Liu Tao climbed up in the tree and Dad handed him the boards. They fixed the boards to some ____16____ branches. Some birds were singing around them but they had no time to enjoy the ____17____ of the birds. Building a tree house was much work and lots of things were waiting for Liu Tao and his dad. They worked the whole ____18____. They even put a roof over the tree house so that it could keep ____19____ in the rain. At last, they finished just before dark. Early that night, Liu Tao asked his brother if he could borrow a sleeping bag. “Sure,” said the brother. “But _____20_____ I go with you?” “Of course, you can.” Liu Tao smiled. Then they both ran upstairs to get ready. 11. A. boring B. wrong C. great D. similar 12. A. park B. school C. shop D. house 13. A. make B. hear C. help D. watch 14. A. tree B. chair C. flower D. stone 15. A. wash B. cut C. sell D. paint 16. A. strong B. weak C. dead D. new 17. A. shapes B. dances C. songs D. colors 18. A. morning B. afternoon C. night D. day 19. A. cold B. dry C. hot D. wet 20. A. must B. should C. need D. can 【答案】11. C 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了刘涛和他爸爸建造了一个树屋。 【11题详解】 句意：他有一个好的想法。 boring无聊的；wrong错误；great好的；similar相似的。根据“He had a...idea”以及后文可知，他有一个好主意，去建造树屋。故选C。 【12题详解】 句意：我可以在房子外的老树上建一个树屋吗？ park公园；school学校；shop商店；house房子。根据“I build a tree house in the old tree outside the”可知是在他家外面的树上建一个树屋。故选D。 【13题详解】 句意：我甚至会帮你建造它。 make制造；hear听；help帮助；watch看。根据后文的描述可知他爸爸帮他建造树屋。故选C。 【14题详解】 句意：吃完早餐，两人走到花园里的树旁，开始测量。 tree树；chair椅子；flower花；stone石头。根据“both of them went out to the”可知他们走到树旁开始建造树屋的工作。故选A。 【15题详解】 句意：然后他们拿了一些木板，开始用锯子切割它们。 wash洗；cut切割；sell卖；paint画。根据“Then they got some boards and started to...them with a saw”可知用锯切割木板。故选B。 【16题详解】 句意：他们把木板固定在一些坚固的树枝上。 strong坚固的；weak虚弱的；dead死的；new新的。根据“They fixed the boards to some...branches”可知建造树屋要在坚固的树枝上。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：有些鸟儿在他们周围唱歌，但他们没有时间欣赏鸟儿的歌曲。 shapes形状；dances舞蹈；songs歌曲；colors颜色。根据“Some birds were singing around them”可知是没有时间欣赏鸟儿的歌曲。故选C。 【18题详解】 句意：他们工作了一整天。 morning早上；afternoon下午；night晚上；day天。根据“When they finished breakfast”以及“At last, they finished just before dark”可知他们工作了一整天。故选D。 【19题详解】 句意：他们甚至在树屋上盖了一个屋顶，这样它就可以在雨中保持干燥。 cold寒冷的；dry干燥的；hot热的；wet弄湿。根据“They even put a roof over the tree house so that it could keep ”可知盖屋顶的目的是保持干燥。故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：但是我能和你一起去吗？ must必须；should应该；need需要；can可以。此处是请求允许，用can。故选D。 IV.阅读理解(共15小题，计20分) 阅读下面A、B、C三篇材料,从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。(共10小题，计15分) A If someone is 2.57 meters tall, we would say this person is super tall. Can this person be the tallest on record? The tallest man in history was Robert Pershing Wadlow. He was 2.72 meters tall! When he was born, he was just like other babies. But as he was growing, he became unusual from other children. Let’s take a look at the timeline of Robert’s early years of life: Childhood 1918 Robert Pershing Wadlow was born on February 22. He weighed a normal (正常的) 3.9 kilograms. When he was six months old, he weighed 13.6 kilograms. 1919 When he was 18 months old, he weighed almost 30 kilograms. 1923 Robert went to kindergarten—the place like a school or class for children aged five. He was already 1.7 meters tall. He could wear the clothes of a 17-year-old boy. 1926 When Robert was eight years old, he was over 1.8 meters tall. 1927 Robert could carry his father up the stairs (楼梯) of their home. 21. How tall is the tallest person in history? A. 2.57 meters. B. 2.75 meters. C. 2.27 meters. D. 2.72 meters. 22. In which year did Robert weigh almost 30 kilograms? A. In 1919. B. In 1923. C. In 1926. D. In 1927. 23. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Robert was just like other babies at birth. B. At the age of six, Robert weighed 13.6 kilograms. C. Robert was 1.7 meters tall when he was eight years old. D. In 1926, Robert could carry his father up the stairs. 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了历史上最高的人Robert Pershing Wadlow的早年时间线。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The tallest man in history was Robert Pershing Wadlow. He was 2.72 meters tall”可知世界上最高的人是2.72米。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“1919 When he was 18 months old, he weighed almost 30 kilograms”可知在1919年，当他18个月大的时候，他的体重将近30公斤。故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“When he was born, he was just like other babies”可知他出生的时候和其他的宝宝一样。故选A。 B Childcare Services for Parents on Holiday ONLY FOR GUESTS STAYING AT THE HAPPY HOLIDAYS HOTEL PARENTS who wish to leave their children at the hotel when they go out on their own can use our childcare service. Just call the service desk at the hotel or call us at 1600 123 5777 (this call is free). One of our child caretakers will contact you in your room. Here are the activities your children may enjoy doing: ●playing board games ●listening to stories ●reading books ●playing computer games ●singing songs and dancing ●painting pictures ●making craft models Your children will be in safe hands! Our childcare service is for children of all ages. PLEASE CALL THE TOLL FREE NUMBER TO FIND OUT MORE ABOUT THE COST OF HIRING A CHLD CARETAKER. 24. What kind of writing is the text? A. Email. B. Ad. C. Story. D. News. 25. How many activities are listed here for the children to enjoy? A. Nine. B. Eight. C. Seven. D. Six. 26. The underlined word “contact” probably means “________” in the text. A. write to B. communicate with C. learn from D. agree with 27. Who is the text written for? A. Children who want to enjoy the hotel activities. B Children who pass by the Happy Holidays Hotel. C. Parents who stay at the Happy Holidays Hotel. D. Parents who are very busy with their work. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了欢乐假期旅馆提供的假期家长托儿服务。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了欢乐假期旅馆提供的假期家长托儿服务，故文章是一则广告。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Here are the activities your children may enjoy doing: ●playing board games; ●listening to stories; ●reading books; ● playing computer games; ●singing songs and dancing; ●painting pictures; ●making craft models”可知一共有7种活动。故选C。 【26题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“One of our child caretakers will contact you in your room”可知一位儿童看护人将在你的房间与你联系，故此处划线部分意为“联系，交流”。故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据“ONLY FOR GUESTS STAYING AT THE HAPPY HOLIDAYS HOTEL”可知文章是写给入住快乐假期酒店的家长。故选C。 C Do you know the word migrate? It is a word usually used to talk about certain animals such as birds, fish and so on. When animals migrate, they travel a long way from one part of the world to another according to the season. For example, swallows (燕子) migrate south in winter. Many animals migrate—they do this often at the same time and to the same place each year. They move to places where conditions are better—where the weather is warmer, where there is more food and water, or where their young will be safer. People also migrate. When people migrate they go to live in another area or country, especially in order to find work. In English, when people leave their home country in order to live in another country, we use the word emigrate instead of migrate. From migrate and emigrate come the words migration and emigration. However, if people move from their home country to another to live there forever (永久地), the word changes from emigrate to immigrate in the English language. Then the word immigration is born. Isn’t word-making of the English language interesting? And can this process (过程) of finding out the relationships between words and learning them in a group or groups be a way for you to learn the language? Based on Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 6th edition. 28. Which of the following situations can match the main idea of Paragraph 1? A. Snakes move into holes to sleep in winter. B. Fish swim to clean waters because of pollution. C. Birds fly very far away to find food and return to give it to their babies. D. Monarch butterflies in North America fly south to stay away from the cold. 29. According to the passage, if people ________ , they leave their home country to live in another forever. A. travel B. migrate C. emigrate D. immigrate 30. The passage is written to ________. A. introduce migration of animals B. tell readers a way of learning English C. show how English words change D. explain why people migrate 【答案】28. D 29. D 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文由动物迁徙引出了英语的造词，告诉我们找出单词之间的关系并在一个或多个小组中学习它们也可以是学习语言的一种方式。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据“When animals migrate, they travel a long way from one part of the world to another according to the season”可知当动物迁徙时，它们会根据季节从世界的一个地方长途跋涉到另一个地方，故选项D“北美帝王蝶南飞避寒”符合第一段的主旨。故选D。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“if people move from their home country to another to live there forever (永久地), the word changes from emigrate to immigrate in the English language”可知如果人们从他们的祖国搬到另一个国家永远住在那里，这个词在英语中从emigrate变为immigrate。故选D。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。本文由动物迁徙引出了英语的造词，告诉我们找出单词之间的关系并在一个或多个小组中学习它们也可以是学习语言的一种方式。故选B。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every year in the U. S, there are about 500 tornadoes, a natural disaster (灾害；灾难), from Texas through Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, lowa and into South Dakota. ____31____. The “tornado season” is usually in spring, but the people in Tormado Alley are always ready for them and they always