精品解析：2022年山东省烟台市中考英语真题（解析版）.docx

【中小学教辅资源店 微信：mlxt2022】 2022年烟台市初中学业水平考试 英 语 试 题 注意事项： 1. 本试卷共8页，满分90分；考试时间100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2. 答题前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3. 选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 4. 非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5. 写在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Noticeboard Babysitter wanted For Jan’s 2-year-old twins. Weekday evenings for up to six hours a week. Would be proper for a student with some experience. £ 4.50 an hour. Call 719 873 466. Lost!! Small grey cat missing in the Lees Hall area. She’s afraid of dogs and teenage boys. If you see her, please, please phone 719 767 472. We really miss her! Mary Brown Room to let Two students looking for one more to share Blue House. Own room with single bed, bookcase, desk and chair. Near the university and a shopping center. £ 248 per month (including WiFi). Non-smoker only. Phone Luka at 719 533 857. Holiday job Do you want to get some pocket money this summer? Do you speak another language? We need French, Spanish or German speakers to work for us in the City Museum shop. Wednesday—Saturday. Send your self-introduction to 719543676@shopjob.lkj. 1. If Tom finds the cat, what number should he call? A. 719 873 466. B. 719 533 857. C. 719 767 472. D. 719 543 676. 2. How many people are living in Blue House now? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 3. When should one work in the City Museum shop? A. On Mondays. B. On Tuesdays. C. On Thursdays. D. On Sundays. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了布告栏上的四则广告。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Lost!!”中“If you see her, please, please phone 719 767 472.”可知，如果汤姆找到了猫，他应该打电话到719 767 472。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Room to let”中“Two students looking for one more to share Blue House.”可知，两名学生想再找一名来合租，所以目前住了二人。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Holiday job”中“Wednesday-Saturday.可知，城市博物馆商店的工作时间是周三到周六。故选C。 B Five young girl students at Shanghai Theatre Academy have become famous online by singing pop songs to the tunes (曲调) of Beijing Opera. Li Wei, a young man, likes to watch the students’ videos. He said, “Thanks to them, I have got a better understanding of my parents’ deep love for Beijing Opera.” The students, mainly roommates from Room 416 at the academy, are known on the Internet as the “416 girls”. They have put their singing on short-video platforms (平台) since 2019. Over the past three years, the students have gradually won a large number of fans. In one of their videos, which has been watched more than 50 million times and received 2.5 million “likes”, they sing the pop song Tan Chuang to a Beijing Opera tune. Young people such as the “416 girls” have increased audience (观众) numbers for Beijing Opera which has a history of more than 200 years. Guo Jing, 27, a primary school teacher, has about 2.5 million followers on the Douyin short-video platform. In her videos, she performs ancient songs while dancing to Beijing Opera movements, or discusses interesting stories about the art form. “I want to be one of the best art vloggers, and I see it as m y task to shorten the distance between art and life,” Guo said. Pan Yan, a leader of the China Performance Industry Association, said, “Beijing Opera has a special charm (魅力) that people can sense without having to understand it. Audience experience the art form’s beauty by watching short videos, and they also spread news and knowledge about Beijing Opera after watching videos.” 4. What do Li Wei’s words mean? A. He used to love Beijing Opera as a child. B. His parents enjoy Beijing Opera very much. C. He did not understand the “416 girls” at first. D. His parents don’t like to watch the students’ videos. 5. Why is the group of the five girls called “416 girls”? A. Their first video received 416 “likes”. B. They had only 416 fans at first. C. They started their videos on April 16. D. Most of them live in Room 416. 6. What do the “416 girls” and Guo Jing have in common? A. They get more people to enjoy Beijing Opera. B. They try to learn the history of Beijing Opera. C. They have got 2.5 million followers on Douyin. D. They’re good at making up Beijing Opera stories. 7. What can we learn from what Pan Yan said in the last paragraph? A. It is hard to sense the special charm of other operas. B. Audience need to understand Beijing Opera completely. C. Short videos help spread news and knowledge of Beijing Opera. D. Short videos are the best way to enjoy the beauty of Beijing Opera. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍上海戏剧学院的五名年轻女学生因用京剧曲调唱流行歌曲而成为网红的事。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Thanks to them, I have got a better understanding of my parents’ deep love for Beijing Opera.”可知，多亏了它们，我更了解了父母对京剧的热爱，由此推知他的父母非常喜欢京剧，故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The students, mainly roommates from Room 416 at the academy, are known on the Internet as the ‘416 girls’.”可知，这些学生主要是学院416房间的室友，在网上被称为“416女生”。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Young people such as the ‘416 girls’ have increased audience (观众) numbers for Beijing Opera”和“In her videos, she performs ancient songs while dancing to Beijing Opera movements, or discusses interesting stories about the art form.”可知，她们的共同特点是让更多的人欣赏京剧。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Beijing Opera has a special charm (魅力) that people can sense without having to understand it. Audience experience the art form’s beauty by watching short videos, and they also spread news and knowledge about Beijing Opera after watching videos.”可知，京剧有一种特殊的魅力，人们不需要理解它就能感觉到；观众通过观看短视频来体验这种艺术形式的美，他们也通过观看视频来传播有关京剧的新闻和知识。由此可知，短视频有助于传播有关京剧的新闻和知识，故选C。 C The music band Coldplay is taking actions to protect the environment. This includes using their fans’ energy to help provide electricity for their performances. In this way, they use electricity without adding carbon gases (碳气体) to the air. The band hopes to cut the amount of CO2 given out by its business activities by 50 percent. The Coldplay stars have added special dance floors and energy-storing bicycles to their latest world tour performance. The purpose is to get fans to help produce electricity by dancing and riding. Each dance floor can support many people. It creates electricity when people move on it. Each of the bikes can create an average of 200 watts (瓦特) of electricity. In order to encourage fans to dance or ride more during the performance, they even have competitions to find out which group of fans can create the most electricity. “Being green is a good business model. That’s what we’d like to show,” said Coldplay lead singer Chris Martin. “The changes will bring a sense of belonging to the fans. Everything in our show is planned to bring everyone into the same group, singing together. It makes us feel part of a community.” Coldplay has taken other steps to protect the environment. One of its tour stages (舞台) uses recycled steel. The band also hopes to set up the world’s first tour battery (电池) system, made from 40 recycled electric car batteries. The hope is to power the whole show with batteries. “It’s very expensive to try these things for the first time,” said Martin, “but we are very happy that we are changing.” Coldplay is just one music group working to help the environment. Some other famous bands are also taking such steps. 8. What does Coldplay use their fans’ energy to do? A. To create 200 watts of electricity. B. To provide power for their shows. C. To cut their business activities by 50%. D. To make their performances wonderful. 9. What does the underlined word “It” in the second paragraph refer to (指代)? A. The floor. B. The band. C. The stage. D. The bicycle. 10. How does Coldplay encourage fans to dance and ride more? A. By helping them to buy bicycles. B. By living in the same community. C. By traveling around the world with them. D. By having electricity-creating competitions. 11. Which ways are introduced to protect the environment in the passage? ①Riding energy-storing bicycles. ②Driving or taking electric cars. ③Recycling electric car batteries. ④Building stages with recycled steel. A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④ 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了酷玩乐队采用了哪些措施来保护环境的。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The music band Coldplay is taking actions to protect the environment. This includes using their fans’ energy to help provide electricity for their performances.”可知，利用粉丝的能量为他们的表演提供电力。故选B。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Each dance floor can support many people. It creates electricity when people move on it. ”可知，每个舞池可以容纳很多人。当人们在上面移动时，它就会发电，所以划线单词it指代的是“Each dance floor ”。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In order to encourage fans to dance or ride more during the performance, they even have competitions to find out which group of fans can create the most electricity.”可知，为了鼓励粉丝们在表演期间多跳舞或骑自行车，他们甚至举行比赛，看哪一组粉丝能产生最大的电力。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中“The Coldplay stars have added special dance floors and energy-storing bicycles to....One of its tour stages (舞台) uses recycled steel....The band also hopes to set up the world’s first tour battery (电池) system, made from 40 recycled electric car batteries. ”可知，文中提到了骑储能自行车，回收电动汽车电池和用再生钢材建造舞台。故选C。 D For the first time, scientists have grown plants in moon soil (土壤) collected by NASA’s Apollo astronauts. The scientists had no idea if anything would grow in moon soil. They wanted to see if it could be used to grow plants. Robert Ferl of the University of Florida was surprised with the results. “Plants actually grow in moon soil” he said. Ferl and other researchers planted thale cress, a small flowering plant, in moon soil. The good news was that all of the seeds (种子) grew. The bad news was that after the first week, they grew slowly. Most of the plants ended up small and not fully developed. Scientists found that the longer the soil was on the moon, the worse the plants seemed to grow. The soil collected by the Apollo 11 was the least helpful for growth. It was a couple billion years longer. One solution might be to use younger soil on the moon, like lava (火山岩浆), or put in some special nutrient (营养物) mixtures. Only 382 kilograms of moon rocks and soil were brought back by the six Apollo groups that landed on the moon. Early last year, NASA finally gave out 12 grams of soil for the planting experiment (实验). The Florida scientists hope to reuse their moon soil later this year, planting more thale cress before possibly moving on to other plants. A scientist said “Growing plants is a big step forward. The real next step is to go and do it on the surface of the moon.” 12. What did Robert Ferl think of the results of the planting experiment? A. Surprising. B. Disappointing. C. Awful. D. Regretful. 13. What do the Florida scientists plan to do this year? A. To find some younger soil on the moon. B To make some special nutrient mixtures. C. To plant some other plants in new moon soil. D. To use the moon soil again in the experiment. 14. What may be the real purpose of the planting experiment? A. To collect more soil from the moon. B. To send more scientists to the moon. C. To grow plants on the moon surface. D. To plant more thale cress on the moon. 15. What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A. Most of the plants grew well after two weeks. B. The soil collected by the Apollo 11 is the oldest. C. It is easy for astronauts to bring back moon soil. D. Scientists found no ways to improve the experiment. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一项关于月球上的土壤是否可以用来种植作物的研究。 12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Robert Ferl of the University of Florida was surprised with the results.”可知，佛罗里达大学的Robert Ferl对结果感到惊讶。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Florida scientists hope to reuse their moon soil later this year, planting more thale cress before possibly moving on to other plants.”可知，佛罗里达的科学家们希望在今年晚些时候重新利用他们的月球土壤，在可能种植其他植物之前种植更多的芥蓝。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Growing plants is a big step forward. The real next step is to go and do it on the surface of the moon.”可知，种植植物是向前迈出的一大步，真正的下一步是在月球表面进行。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Scientists found that the longer the soil was on the moon, the worse the plants seemed to grow. The soil collected by the Apollo 11 was the least helpful for growth.”可知，科学家们发现，月球上的土壤时间越长，植物生长得越糟糕，阿波罗11号收集的土壤对作物生长的帮助最小。由此推知，阿波罗11号收集的土壤是最古老的，故选B。 第二节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 To live better in the fast-developing new world, we need to develop many kinds of skills. Some, like ICT (信息通讯技术) skills and knowledge of the digital (数字的) world, are well taught in schools. But some other basic skills are not paid much attention to. These skills are also important because employers (雇主) may ask you questions about them in interviews. ____16____ Imagination In the age of technology that we are living in now, it is no longer enough to keep on making the same products. ____17____ They may ask you to think of an object you use every day. Can you use it in new ways or can you think of three improvements? Problem solving Employers need workers with abilities to see problems before they happen. More importantly, they should come up with creative solutions. Imagine you are organizing a social event. ____18____ Can you think of the best ways to solve them? Communication skills Workers will have to be good communicators. They will have to be able to discuss key problems with other workers. ____19____ After all, people need to communicate with each other in quite different ways in the new world. Critical analysis (批判性分析) ____20____ Imagine you are asked to use the Internet to find out some information about a famous person. Can you check the information by searching different websites? Decision making Workers need to have a growing amount of responsibility. It is important to make decisions on what to do and not to do in different situations. A. Think of some problems that you could probably face. B. It’s important to know how to get on with famous people. C. Also they need to write in a clear way without too many words. D. Workers should be able to tell if some information is true or false. E. So it’s a good idea to think about how good you are in these skills. F. Employers need people who can come up with new ways and new ideas. 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. A 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文探讨是否具备一些技能，包括想象力、解决问题的能力、沟通技巧、批判性分析能力以及决断能力。 【16题详解】 根据“These skills are also important because employers (雇主) may ask you questions about them in interviews.”和后文内容可知，此处引出下文的一些技能，选项E“所以好好想想自己的这些技能有多好是个好主意”符合语境，故选E。 【17题详解】 根据“Imagination...Can you use it in new ways or can you think of three improvements?”可知，本段内容与想象力和创新相关，选项F“雇主需要能够想出新方法和新想法的人”符合语境，故选F。 【18题详解】 根据“Problem solving...Imagine you are organizing a social event. ...Can you think of the best ways to solve them?”可知，本段内容与解决问题相关，先想一些问题，再想解决的办法，选项A“想一些你可能会面临的问题”符合语境，故选A。 【19题详解】 根据“Workers will have to be good communicators. They will have to be able to discuss key problems with other workers.”可知，员工必须善于沟通，他们必须能够与其他工人讨论关键问题，此处提到员工的沟通能力，选项C“他们还需要不用太多字就能写