精品解析：2022年山东省日照市中考英语真题（解析版）.docx

【中小学教辅资源店 微信：mlxt2022】 日照市2022年初中学业水平考试 英语试题 （满分90分，时间100分钟） 注意事项： 1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共8页。答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、准考证号等填写在答题卡规定的位置上。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2.第Ⅰ卷每题选出答案后，都必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试卷上答题无效。 3.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案须写在答题卡各题目指定的区域内，在试卷上答题无效；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题共45分） 一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项巾，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I grew to be a tall girl but I tried to be as ordinary (平常) as possible. At school, I always chose a ___1___ in the back of the room, and never put up my hand in class. In my last year in high school, we were ___2___ that a new English teacher, Oliver Bascom, was going to ___3___ us. Oliver Bascom! The girls laughed as we imagined a short and bald (秃头) man. But this was in fact not ___4___, because this man would teach us for the whole year. ___5___, after we opened the door, there in front of the blackboard, we ___6___ a young and handsome man. All at once the seventeen-year-old girls flew to get to the ___7___ seats in the classroom. And I managed to ___8___ a front and center desk. I really wanted to make a good impression (印象) on my new teacher, ___9___ I usually kept quiet. One Friday Mr. Oliver Bascom asked us to write an essay (文章) as our first writing homework, which I was good at. And then I worked the whole weekend ___10___ the essay and waited nervously for Mr. Bascom’s evaluation (评价). Three days later he arrived in class holding the papers that he had ___11___. “I’ve chosen the ten best essays for class discussion.” he said. Twenty minutes later, I was most ___12___ when he got to the last essay. I didn’t hear my name. “These are all great essays,” Mr. Bascom continued, “However, I am now going to read you the most successful of all….” We were all surprised as I was the writer of this unusual ___13___! A ___14___ girl walked out of the classroom that day. I knew that I had a new set of standards to follow and that thing was possible in the future. Finally, I raised my ___15___. 1. A. neighbor B. partner C. seat D. space 2. A. warned B. told C. shown D. asked 3. A. help B. serve C. train D. teach 4. A. exciting B. simple C. funny D. true 5. A. Interestingly B. Nervously C. Surprisingly D. Sadly 6. A. met B. saw C. noticed D. caught 7. A. spare B. empty C. front D. back 8. A. get B. set C. use D. share 9. A. and B. so C. but D. or 10. A. for B. with C. about D. on 11. A. praised B. corrected C. studied D. written 12. A. worried B. satisfied C. bored D. disappointed 13. A. novel B. work C. book D. play 14. A. quiet B. lovely C. clever D. different 15. A. head B. hand C. arm D. shoulder 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者之前是一个安静的女孩，之后遇到了一位帅气的英语老师的赏识，获得了自信的故事。 【1题详解】 句意：在学校里，我总是选教室后面的座位，上课时从不举手。 neighbor邻居；partner伙伴；seat座位；space空间。根据“in the back of the room”可知，因为作者个子高，所以坐在教室后面的位置，故选C。 【2题详解】 句意：在我高中的最后一年，我们被告知一个新的英语老师，奥利弗·巴斯科姆，将教我们。 warned警告；told告诉；shown展示；asked询问。根据“we were … that a new English teacher, Oliver Bascom”可知，学生被告知要换英语老师，故选B。 【3题详解】 句意：在我高中的最后一年，我们被告知一个新的英语老师，奥利弗·巴斯科姆，将教我们。 help帮助；serve服务；train训练；teach教。根据“a new English teacher”可知，新的英语老师教作者，故选D。 【4题详解】 句意：但事实上这并不好笑，因为这个人会教我们一整年。 exciting兴奋的；simple简单的；funny搞笑的；true真实的。根据“The girls laughed as we imagined a short and bald (秃头) man”及“because this man would teach us for the whole year”可知，这个“长得不好看”的人要教作者一整年，所以其实这并不好笑，故选C。 【5题详解】 句意：令人惊讶的是，当我们打开门后，在黑板前，我们看到了一个年轻英俊的男子。 Interestingly感兴趣地；Nervously紧张地；Surprisingly惊讶地；Sadly难过地。根据“The girls laughed as we imagined a short and bald (秃头) man.”及“young and handsome man”可知，看到新老师不是想象中的那么丑，这令同学们很惊讶，故选C。 【6题详解】 句意：令人惊讶的是，当我们打开门后，在黑板前，我们看到了一个年轻英俊的男子。 met遇见；saw看见；noticed注意到；caught抓住。根据“a young and handsome man”可知，看见了这位新老师，故选B。 【7题详解】 句意：突然，17岁的女孩们飞到教室的前排座位。 spare空闲的；empty空白的；front前面的；back后面的。根据“a front and center desk”可知，女孩们都设法坐到前面的座位，故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：我还弄到了一个前台和中间的桌子。 get得到；set设立；use使用；share分享。根据“And I managed to… a front and center desk”可知，作者也得到了一个前面的座位，故选A。 【9题详解】 句意：我真的很想给我的新老师留下一个好印象，但我通常保持沉默。 and和；so因此；but但是；or或者。“I really wanted to make a good impression (印象) on my new teacher”与“I usually kept quiet”是转折关系，故选C。 【10题详解】 句意：然后我整个周末都在写文章，紧张地等待着巴斯科姆先生的评价。 for为了；with带有；about有关；on在……上。work on“从事于”，固定搭配，故选D。 【11题详解】 句意：三天后，他拿着批改好的卷子来到教室。 praised表扬；corrected纠正；studied学习；written写。根据“I’ve chosen the ten best essays for class discussion”可知，手里拿的是批改后的试卷，故选B。 【12题详解】 句意：20分钟后，当他读到最后一篇文章时，我非常失望。 worried担心；satisfied满意的；bored无聊的；disappointed失望的。根据“I didn’t hear my name.”可知，没有听到自己的名字很失望，故选D。 【13题详解】 句意：我们都很惊讶，因为我是这部不寻常作品的作者。 novel小说；work作品；book书；play演出。根据“However, I am now going to read you the most successful of all”可知，“我”就是这个特别的作品的作者，故选B。 【14题详解】 句意：那天走出教室的是另一个女孩。 quiet安静的；lovely可爱的；clever聪明的；different不同的。根据“I usually kept quiet.”及“I knew that I had a new set of standards to follow and that thing was possible in the future”可知，作者这一天变得不同了，故选D。 【15题详解】 句意：最终我抬起了我的头。 head头；hand手；arm胳膊；shoulder肩膀。根据“We were all surprised as I was the writer of this unusual”可知，作者自信地抬起了自己的头，故选A。 二、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C，D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A If you want to find more about chocolate, you can go to hundreds of special shops, museums, and visitor centers in different countries. Barcelona, Spain One of the most interesting chocolate museums is in Barcelona, Spain. You can find some of Barcelona’s most famous buildings here, but of course, they are all made of chocolate. You can also learn how to make it. If the wonderful smell makes you hungry, do not worry. You get a good ticket when you arrive—it is a bar of chocolate and you can eat it while you are walking around! Prague, Czech Visitors to Prague in the Czech Republic can also go to an unusual small museum. It has pictures by the artist Vladomir Cech and he made them all in chocolate. At the museum, you can try making a picture yourself. But be careful it is not easy! Birmingham, UK Cadbury Warld center in Birmingham in the UK is also a famous place with chocolate lovers. Over 500,000 people go there every year to find out about the Cadbury story. The visitor center is next to their famous factory. You can stand in the corner of the building and watch while people make real Cadbury Dairy Milk. Hundreds of bars go past your eyes every minute—it is very exciting! Hershey, USA Hershey’s Chocolate World in the USA is even more popular, with around three million visitors every year. It is a lot more than just a museum because you can visit a special 4D cinema here and go on a ride too. People sit in little cars to move from room to room, and on the journey they learn all about Hershey’s chocolate. 16. What is special about the ticket mentioned in the passage? A. It is made of chocolate. B. It has pictures of chocolate. C. It shows how to make chocolate. D. It tells you the way to a 4D cinema. 17. Where can you learn to make a chocolate picture yourself? A. In Barcelona. B. In Prague. C. In Birmingham. D. In Hershey. 18. What do we know about the chocolate museum in Hershey? A. It offers a special journey. B. It tells the Cadbury story. C. It has buildings made of chocolate. D. It receives over 500,000 visitors every year. 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家卖巧克力的特色博物馆。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据“You get a good ticket when you arrive—it is a bar of chocolate and you can eat it while you are walking around”可知，这张票是由巧克力制作的，故选A。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Prague, Czech”及“At the museum, you can try making a picture yourself”可知，在布拉格可以尝试自己做一张图片，故选B。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据“People sit in little cars to move from room to room, and on the journey they learn all about Hershey’s chocolate”可知，人们在这个博物馆可以体验到特别“旅行”，故选A。 B This big-sister thing wasn’t pleasant. I was five, and my sister Lisa was two years younger. Every time we did something that we shouldn’t do, I got into more trouble. It seemed everybody paid attention to her. One day I was playing with the kids next door, and found out that in other people’s houses, the older kids had later bedtime. Going back with my new-found information, I asked my mother to make a change and she said no. So I went to my room and started to pack. Into the suitcase (行李箱) went my books and some toys. Putting some more clothes into, I went downstairs. Mum looked up and asked if I was running away. As I told her yes, she wasn’t nearly as upset as I expected. “Are you going to Grandma Sylvia’s?” I couldn’t believe she would know this. She was like a witch (女巫). Without answering her, I went out, pulling the suitcase with great difficulty, not knowing Mum was following behind. Finally I got to Grandma’s house about two kilometers away. Before I knocked, the door opened. Grandma told me she was happy to see me , and I realized Mum had already called ahead. Soon Mum came in; sat in my grandmother’s chair, took my hot little face in her hands and said, “Sweet-heart, I don’t want you to be so unhappy. If it’s hard for you to live with Lisa, tomorrow I’ll call the orphanage (孤儿院) and send her away.” Knowing what an orphanage was, I started to cry. “Don’t send my sister away!” Mum unwillingly agreed that we would all go home and give it another try. That night, Mum fed us, gave us a bath and sent us to bed at the same time. In the following years, once in a while Lisa and I would have a fight, and to this day, if I turn over my shoulder and say, “Mum, Lisa’s being mean (坏) to me!” Mum always answers in the same way, “You had your chance.” 19. The girl ran away from home because she thought _________. A. Lisa always made trouble B. Lisa had later bedtime C. she had to share love with Lisa D. she was treated differently 20. Why did the girl think Mum was like a witch? A. Mum didn’t care about her leaving. B. Mum refused to make a change. C. Mum knew where she was going. D. Mum knew Grandma was waiting for her. 21. What does the mother want to tell the girl by saying “You had your chance”? A. She should try to fight back. B. She can run away from home again. C. She can still send Lisa to the orphanage. D. She should learn to get along well with Lisa. 22. Which of the following best describes the mother in the story? A. Mean. B. Wise. C. Strict. D. Unfair. 【答案】19. D 20. C 21. D 22. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者有了一个小两岁的妹妹，两个人做了不应该做的事，总是作者背黑锅，因为一件小事作者离家出走，妈妈的一席话打消了作者的念头，从此即使与妹妹有小矛盾也能处理好。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Every time we did something that we shouldn’t do, I got into more trouble. It seemed everybody paid attention to her”及“Going back with my new-found information, I asked my mother to make a change and she said no”可知，作者因为受到不公平待遇所以离家出走，故选D。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据““Are you going to Grandma Sylvia’s?” I couldn’t believe she would know this. She was like a witch”可知，妈妈知道作者要去祖母家，所以作者认为妈妈就像一个女巫一样，故选C。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据“tomorrow I’ll call the orphanage (孤儿院) and send her away”及“Mum always answers in the same way, “You had your chance.””可知，这里的“机会”说的是前文交代的作者的妈妈故意提议把妹妹送到孤儿院，其实妈妈这句话的含义是影射作者要友好地跟妹妹相处，故选D。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，妈妈故意提议把妹妹送到孤儿院，慢慢地打消了作者觉得自己受到不公平待遇的想法，并且能够学会友好地与妹妹相处，由此可见妈妈是一个明智的人，故选B。 C When you do some running, you have a lot of energy which comes from the movement of your body. When you suddenly stop, your body loses this energy. We already have watches and small medical devises (设备) which can use energy that we make when we move. In the future, people like police officers and soldiers may wear devices on their legs to “catch” this lost energy and keep it in batteries (电池). They could use the power for computers, radios or other devices. In December 2008, most people walking across Hachiko Square, Tokyo, probably did not notice four yellow squares on the road as they hurried to work. The squares were made of special materials that make electricity when they change shape. When people stood on the squares, the shape of the materials changed and they produced electricity. The squares were only there for twenty days, but in that time they produced enough power to make a TV work 1,400 hours! Imagine putting these squares under all the streets in Tokyo. One day, we may turn our streets into power stations! We can also use body heat. Every day, 250,000 people use Stockholm’s Central Station. They eat and drink, carry heavy bags, and run to catch trains—and their bodies produce a lot of heat when they do these things. Inside the station, the heat is taken from the air and used to heat water for a nearby building. It is a great way to get free energy—all you need is a lot of people. 23. What provides energy for the watches and small medical devices? A. Electricity in batteries. B. Body movement. C. Power stations. D. Body temperature. 24. The materials in the four squares produce electricity by changing the _________. A. shape B. color C. weight D. direction 25. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The high temperature. B. The hot water service. C. The use of body heat. D. The crowded station. 26. What can we learn from the passage? A. People power is made good use of now. B. It’s easy to turn streets into power stations. C. The use of people power has a bright future. D. The writer doubts the use of people power. 【答案】23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了得到免费能源的几种方式。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“When you do some running, you have a lot of energy which comes from the movement of your body”及“We already have watches and small medical devises (设备) which can use energy that we make when we move”可知，身体移动时获得的能量给它们提供能量，故选B。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The squares were made of special materials that make electricity when they change shape”可知，改变形状时产生电，故选A。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“We can also use body heat”可知，本段主要介绍了身体热量的用处，故选C。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据“It is a great way to get free energy—all you need is a lot of people.”可知，作者认为这是免费获取能量的好方法，只需要许多人就可以做到，由此可推断作者对于人体能量使用的发展抱有很大希望，故选C。 D After work, you go back home, open an app, place your order, and wait for your food to be delivered (投递) your home. This is how many young people eat in China these days. According to the latest report from the China Internet Network Information Center. 421 million Chinese people use online food delivery services. That’s just half of the total number of Internet users in China. Which group of people is ordering food online the most? For sure, it is mainly young people. A recent report by Meituan, a food delivery service, showed that 86.3% of the service’s users are between 20 and 34 years old. These people are the main force driving the development of the food delivery industry. Small families depend largely on food delivery services, Chinese families have changed in size over the past ten years. In 2002, only 7.7% of families have only one person. But this number increased to 15.6% in 2017. Two-person families rose from 18.4% in 2002 to 27.2% in 2017. For small families, cooking always takes a lot of time and energy, so ordering food online has become more popular. The improvement of China’s food deliver