2019年6月六级（第一套）答案解析.pdf

2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题答案与详解（第一套）Part I Writing(30 minutes)【参考范文】Outstanding leaders always give top priority to team building.They know a cohesive team composed of great communicators plays an irreplaceable role in enhancing the operational efficiency and productivity of an enterprise.Just as they say,many hands make light work.Team members will only become highly motivated to fulfill their own duties when they stand united in the pursuit of a common goal and communicate smoothly.Moreover,mutual respect,support and encouragement in a team helps foster a sense of belonging,maintain harmony in the workplace and thus improve job satisfaction.Consider the tech giant Alibaba,whose huge success,as its CEO Jack Ma acknowledges,benefits considerably from joint efforts and efficient coordination among both clerks and departments,driving the corporation to handle arduous tasks,confront tough challenges and even pull through severe crises.In short,team spirit and effective communication are conducive to employee and business performance alike.Any leader who has an ambition to run a successful business,therefore,must create a corporate culture that emphasizes teamwork and communication skills.【范文译文】杰出的领导者总是将团队建设放在首位。他们明臼，由善千沟通的人组成的有凝聚力的团队对千提升企业运营效率和生产力起着不可替代的作盟。正所谓，众人拾柴火焰高。只有当团队成员团结一致地朝同一个目标奋进且能顺利沟通时，他们才会积极主动地履行自己的职责。此外，团队内部相互尊直、扶待和激励有助千培养归属感，保持工作场所的和谐氛围，从而提升工作满意度。想想科技巨头阿里巴巴，其 CEO 马云承认，公司的成功很大程度上得益于职员之间和部门之间的共同努力和有效配合，使得公司能够应对困难任务，直面艰巨挑战，甚至渡过严峻危机。简而言之，团队精神与有效沟通对员工表现和公司业绩均有所裨益。因此，但凡有志于在企业经营上取得成功的领导者都必须要营造出重视团队合作和沟通能力的企业文化。【经典表达】令Alone we can do so little;together we can do so much.(Helen Keller)一个人能做的事很少，大家一起能做的事很多。（海伦凯勒）令No matter how brilliant your mind or strategy,if youre playing a solo game,youll always lose out to a team.(Reid Hoffman)无论你的头脑有多聪明，策略有多巧妙，仅凭单打独斗始终无法敌过一支团队。（里德霍夫曼）令Communication allows teams to build a shared culture,to resolve personal disagreements to designate roles effectively and to ensure everyone is aligned toward the same goal.沟通 使得团队能构建共同的文化，解决个人的分歧，有效地任命角色，并确保每个人目标一致。Part II Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)-1-Section A【听力原文】Conversation One（参加婚礼）W:Hi,my names Cathy.Nice to meet you!M:Nice to meet you too,Cathy.My names John.Fm a university friend of the bride;What about you?Who do you know at this party?W:I am a colleague of Brenda.I was a little surprised to be invited,to be honest.Weve only been working together the last six months,but we quickly became good friends.We just wrapped up a project with a difficult client last week.I bet Brenda is glad its done with,and she can focus on wedding preparations.M:Oh,yes,so youre Cathy from the office.Actually Ive heard a lot about you,and that project.The client sounded like a real nightmare.W:Oh,he was.I mean we deal with all kinds of people on a regular basis.Its part of the job,but he was especially particular,enough about that.What line of work are you in?M:Well,right out of college,I worked in advertising for a while.Recently though,I tum my photography hobby into a small business.Ill actually be taking photos during the big event as a wedding gift.W:That sounds wonderful,and very thoughtful of you.I bake just as a hobby but Brenda has asked me to do the cake for the wedding.I was a bit nervous saying yes,because Im far from a professional.M:Did you bake the cookies here at the party tonight?W:Yes,I got the idea from a magazine.M:Theyre delicious.Youve got nothing to worry about.Youre a natural.W:You really think so?M:If you hadnt told me that,I would have guessed they were baked by the restaurant.You know,with your event planning experience,you could very well open your own shop.W:One step at a time.First Ill see how baking the wedding cake goes.If its not a disaster,maybe Ill give it some more thought.【译文】女：嗨，我是凯茜。很高兴见到你。男：很高兴见到你，凯茜。我是约翰，新娘大学时的朋友。你呢？你认识这派对上的哪位？女：我是布伦达的同事。其实，收到邀请我有点惊讶。我们半年前才开始一起工作，但很快成为了好朋友。我们上周刚结束了一个难缠客户的项目。我敢打赌布伦达一定很高兴项目完成了，这样她就可以专心准备婚礼了。男：噢，没错，所以你就是办公室里的凯茜“。其实，我听说了很多关千你和那个项目的事情。那个客户听上去可真是个噩梦。女：噢，他就是。我是说，我们经常跟各种人打交道，这是工作的一部分，但他尤其挑剔，不说他了。你从事哪个行业呢？男：大学刚毕业时，我在广告行业工作过一段时间。但最近，我把自己的摄影爱好变成了一桩小生意。实际上，我会在这个重大活动（婚礼）中拍摄照片作为给新人的结婚礼物。女：听起来很棒，你想得真周到。我只是把烘焙作为爱好，但布伦达让我制作婚礼用的蛋糕。答应她时我有点紧张，因为我远不够专业。-2-男：今晚派对上的 饼干都是你烤的？女：是的，我从一本杂志上得到 的灵感。男：饼干很好吃，你没什么好担心的，你有烘焙天赋。女：你真的 这么觉得？男：如果你不告诉我，我还以为饼干是餐馆烤的。要知道，你还 有活动策划的经验，所以你完全可以自已开店。女：一步一步来吧。我先看看婚礼蛋糕烤得怎么样，如果 不是太糟糕 的 话，或许我会认真考虑开店。Q 1:What did Cathy and Brenda finish doing last week?【答案】C【解析】C)符合3段对话信息“我 们（我凯西和布伦达）上周刚结束 了一个难缠客户的项目“。其中a troublesome client 同义替换a difficult client,且囊括随后The client sounded like a real nightmare以及 he was especially particular。A)利用3段last six months干扰，但这是指“凯茜和布伦达的 共事时间”，并非“谈判时长”。B)利用wedding preparations设置干扰，但这是”两人上周完成任务之后，布伦达一人 做的事飞D)将碎片信息colleague、wrappedup、wedding gift杂鞣干扰，对话中实际并未提及包装礼品，且wrapped up意为“结束，圆满完成”。Q2:What is John going to do for Brenda?【答案】A【解析】A)是男士所言 Ill actually be taking photos during the big event as a wedding gift的同义表述（联系上下文可推知the big event 指 wedding)。B)利用6段advertising干扰，但对话中该词 指“男士过去曾在广告业工作“。C)利用6段a small business干扰，但男士创办生意 是出千自身兴趣，而非为了布伦达。D)由复现词party脆测得 出，但对话中指”布伦达的婚礼”，并未提及“男士为布兰达举办庆祝派对“。Q3:How did Cathy feel when asked to bake the cake?【答案】B【解析】B)复现7段女士所言Iwas a bit nervous saying yes(由上文可知saying yes意为“答应烤制蛋糕)。A)、C)均是对女士感受的主观腌测（人们被托付一件重要 事情时，可能会感到犹豫或荣幸），对话中并未提及。D)源自3段Iwas a little surprised,但这是女士”收到婚礼邀请时”的心情。Q4:What does the man suggest the woman do?【答案】A【解析】A)是对12段男士所言“如果你不告诉我，我还以为饼干是餐厅烤的，你完全可以自已开店(you could very well open your own shop)的正确解读，其中bakery明确shop所指。B)由第7、13 段女士自谦far from a professional、Ill see how.goes 主观脆测得出。C)将12 段 event planning experience窜改为cooking experience 且捏造 对话中未提及的 share.experience。D)利用 3 段focus on wedding preparations 捏造干扰，但这是两人共同的朋友布伦达已经完成之事，并非男士建议女士所做之事。【听力原文】Conversation Two（大学生活与高中生活的区别）-3-M:You are heading for a completely different world now that you are about to graduate from high school.W:I know its the end of high school,but many of my classmates are going on to the same university and we are still required to study hard,so whats the difference?M:Many aspects are different here at university.The most important one is that you have to take more individual responsibility for your actions.Its up to your own self-discipline how much effort you put into study.Living in college dormitories,there are no parents to tell you to study harder or stop wasting time.Lecturers have hundreds of students and they are not going to follow you up or question you if you miss their lectures.W:Nobody cares,you mean?M:Its not that nobody is concerned about you.Its just that suddenly at university you are expected to behave like an adult,that means concentrating on the direction of your life in general and your own academic performance specifically.W:For example?M:Well,like you need to manage your daily,weekly and monthly schedules so that you will study regularly.Be sure to attend all classes and leave enough time to finish assignments and prepare well for examinations.W:Okay,and what else is different?M:Well,in college there are lots of distractions and you need to control yourself.You will make interesting friends,but you need only keep the friends who respect your student commitments.Also,there are a lot of wonderful clubs,but you shouldnt allocate too much time to club activities,unless they are directly related to your study.Its also your choice if you want to go out at night,but you will be foolish to let that affect your class performance during the day.W:Well,Im determined to do well at university and I guess I am going to have to grow up fast.【译文】男：既然就要高中毕业了，你将迈向一个完全不同的世界。女：我知道高中生活结束了，不过我的好多同学都会到同一所大学继续念书，而且我们仍然需要势力学习，那么大学（和高中比）有什么不同呢？男：在大学有很多方面与高中不同。最重要的区别在于，你必须为自己的行为独立承担更多责任。你在学习上付出多少努力取决于你的自律能力。住在大学宿舍，就不会有父母告诫你要更加努力学习，别再浪费时间。老师有好几百个学生，他们才不会跟进你的情况，要是你没去上课，他们也不会质问你什么。女：你是说，没有人在意我？男：并不是没有人关心你。只是在大学，突然之间你就被期待像成年人那样处事这意味着你既要专注千自己人生的总体方向，还要特别专注千自己的学业表现。女：比如说呢？男：唔，例如你要做好每B、每周、每月的安排，以便有规律地学习。保证每堂课都出勤，并预留充足的时间完成作业、好好准备考试。女：好吧还有哪些不同呢？男：唔，在大学有很多事会让你分心，你需要自我控制。你会交到有趣的朋友，但你只需与顾及你学生身份的那些朋友交往下去。此外，还有许多很梓的社团，但你不应将过多时间拨给社团活动，除非它们与你妫学业直接相关。如果想晚上出去玩也随你，但要是影响到你自天的课堂表现就太傻了。-4-女：唔，我决心要在天学好好表现，我想我得快快长大成人了。Q5:What does the man say about college students as compared with high schoolers?【答案】C【解析】C)与第 3 段切句男士介绍大学与高中的一项区别“你必须为自己的行为独立承担更多责任(you have to take more individual responsibility for your actions)相符。A)从第3 段句 study harder、stop wasting time 断章取义，但此处实为“大学生不再受到父母管教，可以自主决定是否努力学习(Its up to your own self-discipline.)。B)由第 9 段旬（大学）有许多很棒的社团(there are a lot of wonderful clubs)过度推出“大学生必须参加社团”。D)借助常识”大学生分专业进行学习“干扰，男士并未谈及该内容。Q6:What are college students expected to do according to the man?【答案】D【解析】D)复现第 5 段句人们对大学生的期待”在大学，你被期待像成年人那样处事(atuniversity you are expected to behave like an adult)。A)将第 7 段句男士说明大学生应专注学业表现时所举的例子”为考试做好准备(prepare well for examinations)窜改为”为职业生涯做好准备“。B)与第 9 段句男士对女士的期待建议”只和那些尊凰你学生义务的朋友保待交往(you need only keep the friends who，即：有选择性地结交朋友，注凰交友的质而非箭）”相悖。C)源千第 5 段句男士所说“要专注自己人生的总体方向，特别是学业(that means concentrating on the direction of your life in general and your own academic performance specifically),但此处作者意在强调“要像成人一样有目标（有无目标的问题），而非“树立长远目标避免急功近利（目标长远与否的问题）”。Q7:What kind of friends does the man suggest the woman make as a college student?【答案】B【解析】B)与第 9 段句男士建议“你只需与尊重你学生义务的朋友保待交往(you need only keep the friends who respect your student commitments)相符。A)由第 9 段个别词汇interesting、related to your study 杂鞣而成，但前者为“朋友的性格特点（有趣）后者描述社团活动（与学习相关）。C)由常识捏造而来，在对话中并无依据。D)在第 9 段句“选择朋友的建议”与旬“参加社团的建议”之间强加联系。Q8:What kind of club activities should college students engage in according to the man?【答案】D【解析】D)正确解读第 9 段句建议”不应花太多时间在社团活动上，除非它们与你的学习直接相关(shouldnt,unless)”暗含之意“可以多参加与学习直接相关I对学习有利的社团活动”。A)由常识捏造而来，在文中无根据。B)同 7 题 D)项，在“选择朋友”与“参加社团”之间强加联系，将“多结交顾及你学生身份的朋友”窜改为“要优先加入能培养择友能力提升社交技巧的社团”。C)杂鞣第 3 段 individual(修饰 responsibility)及第 9 段interesting(修饰 friends)制造干扰。Section B【听力原文】Passage One(技能创新成就传奇滑雪冠军）Most successful people are unorthodox persons whose minds wander outside traditional ways-5-of thinking.Instead of trying to refine old formulas,they invent new ones.When Jean-Claude Killy made the French national ski team in the early 1960s,he was prepared to work harder than anyone else to be the best.At the crack of dawn he would run up the slopes with his skis on,an unbelievably backbreaking activity.In the evening he would do weight lifting and running.But the other team members were working as hard and long as he was.He realized instinctively that simply training harder would never be enough.Killy then began challenging the basic theories of racing technique.Each week he would try something different to see if he could find a better,faster way down the mountain.His experiments resulted in a new style that was almost exactly opposite the accepted technique of the time.It involved skiing with his legs apart for better balance and sitting back on the skis when he came to a tum.He also used ski poles in an unorthodox wayto propel himself as he skied.The explosive new style helped cut Killys racing time dramatically.In 1966 and 1967 he captured virtually every major skiing trophy.The next year he won three gold medals in the Winter Olympics,a record in ski racing that has never been topped.【译文】大多数成功人士都是在思维上偏离传统思维方式的非正统人士。他们不是设法改进旧惯例，而是努力建立新惯例。让克劳德基利在 20 世纪 60 年代初期加入法国国家滑雪队时，他愿意比其他人付出更多势力以成为最优秀的运动员。每天天刚亮，他就穿着滑雪板登坡，这是一项异常费力的活动。每天晚上他会做举凰和跑步运动。但其他队员和他一样也在进行同等强度和时长的训练。他凭直觉意识到单靠更努力的训练绝对不够。基利随后开始质疑竞赛技术的基础理论。每周他都会尝试不同的东西，看是否能找到更好、更快的下坡方式。他通过多次试验找到了一种几乎与当时的常规技术完全相反的新方式。它包括滑雪时双腿分开以获得更好的平衡，转弯时向后坐于滑雪板上。他还以非正统的方式使用滑雪杆滑雪时用其给自己提供推力。这一爆炸性的新方式大幅缩短了基利的比赛时间。在 1966 年和 1967 年，他几乎新获了所有滑雪大奖。第二年，他在冬奥会上获得了三枚金牌，这是滑雪赛事中从未被打破过时最高纪录。基利掌握了许多有创造力的人士都知道的一个重要奥秘：创新不需要天赋，只需要一种质疑常规行事方式的意愿。Q9:What does the speaker say about most successful people?【答案】A【解析】A)符合 1 段句对大多数成功人士的描述”在思维上偏离传统思维方式的非正统人士“。B)将 II 段首句 he was prepared to work harder than anyone else 所述的具体人物(he/让克劳德基利）泛化为They/大多数成功人士”。C)与 I 段句“他们不是设法去改进旧模式（而是创造全新模式）“完全相悖。D)源千常识经验干扰，但文中并无提及该信息。Q 10:What does the speaker say about Killys experiments?【答案】B【解析】B)正确概括了 III 段旬“他通过多次试验找到了一种几乎与当时的常规（滑雪）技术完全相反的新方式新技术叉 A)从 III 段”试验出的创新方式让下坡更快更好”过度推出“推动了滑雪运动的普及度飞 C)将基利对滑雪杆使用方法的创新”由正统方式变为非正统方式“曲解为“由非科学方式变为科学方式”。D)由 III 段 explosive 捏造而来，但原文中 explosive修饰的是 new style(经多次试验而成的新技术），强调其极富争议（新技术反常规而行）且-6-威力巨大（助其斩获许多滑雪大奖），原文并未提及爆炸性新闻。Q 11:What is said to be Killys biggest honor in his skiing career?【答案】C【解析】C)正确复现 III 段末句“第二年他在冬奥会上获得了三枚金牌”。A)利用末段多义词 genius 设置干扰，但原句是指”创新不需要天赋非凡才能”。B)将 III 段旬“他几乎新获了所有滑雪大奖”窜改为“参加了全球所有凰大滑雪赛事 参赛”本身并非讲话人所说的荣誉。D)曲解 III 段句所述“基利在 1966-1968 三年间的滑雪成就“，但打破世界滑雪记录仅产生千 1968 年，与前两年无关，且文中只提及一个记录。【听力原文】Passage Two(负面情绪危害大）Scientific experiments have demonstrated incredible ways to kill a guinea pig,a small furry animal.Emotional upsets generate powerful and deadly toxic substances.Blood samples taken from persons experiencing intense fear or anger when injected into guinea pigs have killed them in less than two minutes.Imagine what these poisonous substances can do to your own body.Every thought that you have affects your body chemistry within a split second.Remember how you feel when youre speeding down the highway and a big truck suddenly brakes twenty meters in front of you.A shockwave shoots through your whole system.Your mind produces instant reactions in your body.The toxic substances that fear,anger,frustration,and stress produce not only kill guinea pigs but kill us off in a similar manner.It is impossible to be fearful,anxious,irritated,and healthy at the same time.It is not just difficult,it is impossible.Simply put,your bodys health is a reflection of your mental health.Sickness will often then be a result of unresolved inner conflicts which in time show up in the body.It is also fascinating how our subconscious mind shapes our health.Do you recall falling sick on a day when you didnt want to go to school?Headaches brought on by fear?The mind-body connection is such that if,for example,we want to avoid something,very often our subconscious mind will arrange it.Once we recognize that these things happen to us,we are halfway to doing something about them.【译文】科学实验展示了杀害豚鼠（一种毛茸茸的小动物）的惊人方式。情绪失落会产生强大而又致命的毒素。将从正经历强漱恐惧或愤怒情绪的人身上提取的血样注射到豚鼠体内，豚鼠会在两分钟之内毙命。想象一下这些有毒物质会对你自己的身体造成什么影响。你的每个想法都会在瞬息之间影响到你身体的化学反应。回想你在高速公路上疾驰、前方20米处突然有辆大卡车急刹车时的感觉。一股骇浪涌遍全身，大脑令身体做出即时反应。恐惧愤怒、沮丧和压力产生的有毒物质不仅会杀死豚鼠，也会以类似的方式杀死我们。想在恐惧、焦虑、愤怒 的同时拥有健康那是不可能的。不是难，而是根本不可能。简单地说，身体健康是心理健康的反映。病痛往往是未解决的内心斗争适时暴露千体外的结果。潜意识如何影响健康也让人着迷。是否还记得有天不想上学身体就生病？是否还记得因恐惧而头疼？身心关联如氏紧密，以至千，打个比方，我们想规避某事，潜意识通常就会筹划。一旦意识到这些事情发生在我们身上，我们（的身体）其实已经在着手处理这些事情了。-7-Q12:What happens to guinea pigs,when blood samples of angry people are injected into them?【答案】D【解析】D)同义复现给豚鼠注射恐惧愤怒者的血样时发生的事：have killed them in less than two minutes。A)、C)借首段碎片信息 Emotional upsets、fear or anger 干扰，但文中均指人类的负面情绪而非豚鼠的反应。B)将首段句“注射血样后豚鼠在两分钟内毙命”窜改为“豚鼠失去了知觉”Q13:What does the speaker say about every thought you have?【答案】A【解析】题干+A)直接对应2 段首句 Every thought that you have affects your body chemistry within a split second。B)、C)、D)均利用常识”想法会复现千脑海中、会挥之不去、能塑造思维“设置干扰，但录音材料中并无信息支待。Q14:What does the speaker say is impossible?【答案】D【解析】题干+D)正确概括 3 段句 It is impossible to be fearful,anxious,irritated,and healthy at the same time。A)将该句不可能之事由”在恐惧、焦虑、愤怒等消极情绪中保持健康“偷换为“在烦躁时取得成功飞 B)则将其颠倒为“在健康不佳时感受快乐（等积极情绪）“，C)则将其单向窄化为“摆脱挫