2010年12月英语六级真题及答案（含听力原文）.pdf

1/262010 年年 12 月大学英语六级月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷真题试卷Part IWriting(30 minutes)Direction:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My Views onUniversity Ranking.You should write at least 150 words following the outline givenbelow.1.目前高校排名相当盛行;2.对于这种做法人们看法不一;3.在我看来My Views on University RankingPart II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions:In this part,you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the fourchoicesmarked A,B,C and D.For questions 8-10,complete the sentenceswith the informationgiven in the passage.Into the UnknownThe world has never seen population ageing before.Can it cope?Until the early 1990s nobody much thought about whole populations getting older.The UNhad the foresight to convene a“world assembly on ageing”back in 1982,but that came and went.By 1994 the World Bank had noticed that something big was happening.In a report entitled“Averting the Old Age Crisis”,it argued that pension arrangements in most countries wereunsustainable.For the next ten years a succession of books,mainly by Americans,sounded the alarm.Theyhad titles like Young vs Old,Gray Dawn and The Coming Generational Storm,and their messagewas blunt:health-care systems were heading for the rocks,pensioners were taking young people tothe cleaners,and soon there would be intergenerational warfare.Since then the debate has become less emotional,not least because a lot more is known aboutthe subject.Books,conferences and research papers have multiplied.International organisationssuch as the OECD and the EU issue regular reports.Population ageing is on every agenda,from G8economic conferences to NATO summits.The World Economic Forum plans to consider the futureof pensions and health care at its prestigious Davos conference early next year.The media,including this newspaper,are giving the subject extensive coverage.2/26Whether all that attention has translated into sufficient action is another question.Governmentsin rich countries now accept that their pension and health-care promises will soon becomeunaffordable,and many of them have embarked on reforms,but so far only timidly.That is notsurprising:politicians with an eye on the next election will hardly rush to introduce unpopularmeasures that may not bear fruit for years,perhaps decades.The outline of the changes needed is clear.To avoid fiscal(财政)meltdown,public pensionsand health-care provision will have to be reined back severely and taxes may have to go up.By farthe most effective method to restrain pension spending is to give people the opportunity to worklonger,because it increases tax revenues and reduces spending on pensions at the same time.It mayeven keep them alive longer.John Rother,the AARPs head of policy and strategy,points to studiesshowing that other things being equal,people who remain at work have lower death rates than theirretired peers.Younger people today mostly accept that they will have to work for longer and that theirpensions will be less generous.Employers still need to be persuaded that older workers are worthholding on to.That may be because they have had plenty of younger ones to choose from,partlythanks to the post-war baby-boom and partly because over the past few decades many more womenhave entered the labour force,increasing employers choice.But the reservoir of women able andwilling to take up paid work is running low,and the baby-boomers are going grey.In many countries immigrants have been filling such gaps in the labour force as have alreadyemerged(and remember that the real shortage is still around ten years off).Immigration in thedeveloped world is the highest it has ever been,and it is making a useful difference.In still-fertileAmerica it currently accounts for about 40%of total population growth,and in fast-ageing westernEurope for about 90%.On the face of it,it seems the perfect solution.Many developing countries have lots of youngpeople in need of jobs;many rich countries need helping hands that will boost tax revenues andkeep up economic growth.But over the next few decades labour forces in rich countries are set toshrink so much that inflows of immigrants would have to increase enormously to compensate:to atleast twice their current size in western Europes most youthful countries,and three times in theolder ones.Japan would need a large multiple of the few immigrants it has at present.Publicopinion polls show that people in most rich countries already think that immigration is too high.Further big increases would be politically unfeasible.To tackle the problem of ageing populations at its root,“old”countries would have torejuvenate(使年轻)themselves by having more of their own children.A number of them have tried,some more successfully than others.But it is not a simple matter of offering financial incentives orproviding more child care.Modern urban life in rich countries is not well adapted to large families.Women find it hard to combine family and career.They often compromise by having just one child.And if fertility in ageing countries does not pick up?It will not be the end of the world,at leastnot for quite a while yet,but the world will slowly become a different place.Older societies may beless innovative and more strongly disinclined to take risks than younger ones.By 2025 at the latest,about half the voters in America and most of those in western European countries will be over50and older people turn out to vote in much greater number than younger ones.Academic studieshave found no evidence so far that older voters have used their power at the ballot box to push forpolicies that specifically benefit them,though if in future there are many more of them they mightstart doing so.3/26Nor is there any sign of the intergenerational warfare predicted in the 1990s.After all,olderpeople themselves mostly have families.In a recent study of parents and grown-up children in 11European countries,Karsten Hank of Mannheim University found that 85%of them lived within25km of each other and the majority of them were in touch at least once a week.Even so,the shift in the centre of gravity to older age groups is bound to have a profoundeffect on societies,not just economically and politically but in all sorts of other ways too.RichardJackson and Neil Howe of Americas CSIS,in a thoughtful book called The Graying of the GreatPowers,argue that,among other things,the ageing of the developed countries will have a number ofserious security implications.For example,the shortage of young adults is likely to make countries more reluctant to committhe few they have to military service.In the decades to 2050,America will find itself playing anever-increasing role in the developed worlds defence effort.Because Americas population willstill be growing when that of most other developed countries is shrinking,America will be the onlydeveloped country that still matters geopolitically(地缘政治上).Ask me in 2020There is little that can be done to stop population ageing,so the world will have to live with it.But some of the consequences can be alleviated.Many experts now believe that given the rightpolicies,the effects,though grave,need not be catastrophic.Most countries have recognised theneed to do something and are beginning to act.But even then there is no guarantee that their efforts will work.What is happening now ishistorically unprecedented.Ronald Lee,director of the Centre on the Economics and Demographyof Ageing at the University of California,Berkeley,puts it briefly and clearly:“We dont reallyknow what population ageing will be like,because nobody has done it yet.“注意：此部分试题请在答题卡注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。上作答。1.In its 1994 report,the World Bank argued that the current pension system in most countries could_.A not be sustained in the long termB further accelerate the ageing processC hardly halt the growth of populationD help tide over the current ageing crisis2.What message is conveyed in books like Young vs Old?A The generation gap is bound to narrow.B Intergenerational conflicts will intensify.C The younger generation will beat the old.D Old people should give way to the young.3.One reason why pension and health care reforms are slow in coming is that _.A nobody is willing to sacrifice their own interests to tackle the problemB most people are against measures that will not bear fruit immediatelyC the proposed reforms will affect too many peoples interestsD politicians are afraid of losing votes in the next election4.The author believes the most effective method to solve the pension crisis is to _.A allow people to work longerC cut back on health care provisionsB increase tax revenuesD start reforms right away5.The reason why employers are unwilling to keep older workers is that _.4/26A they are generally difficult to manageB the longer they work,the higher their pensionC their pay is higher than that of younger onesD younger workers are readily available6.To compensate for the fast-shrinking labour force,Japan would need _.A to revise its current population control policyB large numbers of immigrants from overseasC to automate its manufacturing and service industriesD a politically feasible policy concerning population7.Why do many women in rich countries compromise by having only one child?A Small families are becoming more fashionable.B They find it hard to balance career and family.C It is too expensive to support a large family.D Child care is too big a problem for them.8.Compared with younger ones,older societies are less inclined to9.The predicted intergenerational warfare is unlikely because most of the older people themselves10.Countries that have a shortage ofyoung adults will be less willing to commit them to them toPart IIIListening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the endof each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A,B,C and D,and decide whichis the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。11.A The man is the manager of the apartment building.B The woman is very good at bargaining.C The woman will get the apartment refurnished.D The man is looking for an apartment.12.A How the pictures will turn out.B Where the botanical garden is.C What the man thinks of the shots.D Why the pictures are not ready.13.A There is no replacement for the handle.B There is no match for the suitcase.C The suitcase is not worth fixing.D The suitcase can be fixed in time.14.A He needs a vehicle to be used in harsh weather.B He has a fairly large collection of quality trucks.C He has had his truck adapted for cold temperatures.D He does routine truck maintenance for the woman.15.A She cannot stand her bosss bad temper.5/26B She has often been criticized by her boss.C She has made up her mind to resign.D She never regrets any decisions she makes.、一A Look for a shirt of a more suitable color and size.B Replace the shirt with one of some other material.C Visit a different store for a silk or cotton shirt.D Get a discount on the shirt she is going to buy.17.A At a“Lost and Found”.B At a reception desk.C At a trade fair.D At an exhibition.18.A Repair it and move in.B Pass it on to his grandson.C Convert it into a hotel.D Sell it for a good price.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A Unique descriptive skills.B Good knowledge of readers tastes.C Colourful world experiences.D Careful plotting and clueing.20.A A peaceful setting.B A spacious room.C To be in the right mood.D To be entirely alone.21.A They rely heavily on their own imagination.B They have experiences similar to the characters.C They look at the world in a detached manner.D They are overwhelmed by their own prejudices.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.A Good or bad,they are there to stay.B Like it or not,you have to use them.C Believe it or not,they have survived.D Gain or lose,they should be modernised.23.A The frequent train delays.CThe food sold on the trains.B The high train ticket fares.D The monopoly of British Railways.24.A The low efficiency of their operation.B Competition from other modes of transport.C Constant complaints from passengers.D The passing of the new transport act.、二25.A They will be de-nationalised.C They are fast disappearing.B They provide worse service.D They lose a lot of money.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage,you willhear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear aquestion,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.A The whole Antarctic region will be submerged.B Some polar animals will soon become extinct.C Many coastal cities will be covered with water.6/26D The earth will experience extreme weathers.27.A How humans are to cope with global warming.B How unstable the West Antarctic ice sheet is.C How vulnerable the coastal cities are.D How polar ice impacts global weather.28.A It collapsed at least once in the past 1.3 million years.B It sits firmly on solid rock at the bottom of the ocean.C It melted at temperatures a bit higher than those of today.D It will have little impact on sea level when it breaks up.29.A The West Antarctic region was once an open ocean.B The West Antarctic ice sheet was about 7,000 feet thick.C The West Antarctic ice sheet was once floating ice.D The West Antarctic region used to be warmer than today.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30.A Whether we can develop social ties on the Internet.B Whether a deleted photo is immediately removed from the web.C Whether our blogs can be renewed daily.D Whether we can set up our own websites.31.A The number of visits they receive.C The files they have collected.B The way they store data.D The means they use to get information.32.A When the system is down.C When the URL is reused.B When new links are set up.D When the server is restarted.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33.A Some iced coffees have as many calories as a hot dinner.B Iced coffees sold by some popular chains are contaminated.C Drinking coffee after a meal is more likely to cause obesity.D Some brand-name coffees contain harmful substances.34.A Have some fresh fruit.C Take a hot shower.B Exercise at the gym.D Eat a hot dinner.35.A They could enjoy a happier family life.B They could greatly