2012年12月英语六级考试答案解析(2).doc

2012年12月大学英语六级(CET-6)参考答案 Ⅰ【作文】 On Maintaining Trust 　　Trustis crucial and indispensable in maintaining a relationship. Without trust, wecannot get along well with other people, let alone cooperate with them or gethelp from them. People are social animals. Without interacting with otherpeople, life would be dull and meaningless。 　　Nowadays,the whole society is faced with “credit crisis”. We become unwillingly tobelieve the governments, friends, colleagues and strangers. This poses a greatthreat to the building of a harmonious society. And sometimes, we even believedthat we might be deceived if we trust too much. But in our everyday life, if wedon’t trust other people, we could live in torment. Since trust is of greatsignificance, what should we do to improve our sense of trust? First of all, wecannot lie to those who trust us. Secondly, it’s never too late to apologize toothers for our mistakes. What’s more, we should strike a trust balance between ourselves and others。“Love all, trust a few, do wrong to none。” should be our ultimate goal。 　　Theperfect way to make a man trustworthy is to trust him, and to let him know thatyou trust him。 Ⅱ【快速阅读】       1.【线索词】announcement, US Federal Reserve C)【定位】由线索词定位到第一段The US Federal Reserve…was a clear invitation to Americans: Go out and borrow. 【精析】细节推断题。第一段介绍了美联储的新政策——低息贷款。文章中冒号及破折号出现处一般为考查重点。第一段冒号后的内容”鼓励人们都去贷款”即为美联储新政策的目的。C）中的get more bank loans是对原文中borrow的同义转述，故答案为C)。 　　2.【线索词】reluctant to take on more debt B)【定位】由线索词定位到第三段第二句But with unemployment high and those with jobs worried about keeping them, consumers are more concerned ibout paying off the loans they already have than adding more debt. 【精析】细节推断题。定位句提到，美国失业率持续走高，有工作的人又患得患失，可见人们对就业前景并不乐观，这导致他们不愿再背负新债务。题干中的reluctant to take on more debt是对原文中的more concerned about…than adding more debt的同义转述，B）中的pessimistic about employment prospects是对定位句中的worried about keeping them的同义转述，故答案为B)。 3.【线索词】lenders in the current credit market A)【定位】由线索词定位到第四段Lenders, meanwhile, are still dealing with the effects of the boom-gone- bust and are forcing prospective borrowers to go to extraordinary lengths to prove their creditworthiness. 【精析】细节推断题。定位段提到，贷方现在要求所有潜在的黛款对象要想尽一切办法去证明他们自己有良好信誉，可见货方现在更为谨慎，故答案为A)。 4.【线索词】Xavier Walter's case C)【定位】由线索词定位到第八段For Xavier Walter, a former mortgage banker who with his wife, Danielle, accumulated $20 000 in credit card debt, low rates will not change his spending habits．和第十段最后两句”I'm not going to go back in debt ever again,”he said.”If I can't pay for it in cash,I don't want it.” 【精析】细节推断题。第八段提到，Xavier Walter 不会因为低利率而改变自己的消费习惯；第十段通过引用Walter的话对此进行强调：我再也不想欠债了。如果我不能用现金支付，那我就不买了。由此可知，现在的人们都不想欠债了，即除非他们自己有钱，否则不会去买东西，故答案为C)。 5.【线索词】economists' concern D)【定位】由线索词定位到第十三段第二句…many economists argue that the economy cannot achieve true health until debt levels decline．和第十四段第一句With new risks of another downturn, economists worry that it will take years for debt to return to manageable levels. 【精析】细节推断题。第十三段第二句提到，许多经济学家认为，只有负债水平下降了，经济才能实现健康发展；第十四段第一句又提到，经济学家担心要使债务回归到可控水平，可能需要好几年。题干中的concern对应定位句中的argue和worry，由此推断，就目前经济形势而言，经济学家们担心的是不可控制的债务水平，故答案为D）。 6.【线索词】Smiths' story D)【定位】由线索词定位到第十六段前两句Even those borrowers in strong financial positions are asked to provide unusual amounts of paperwork.3obby and Katie Smith…再由此定位到第十五段第一句Mortgage lenders, meanwhile, burned by the housing crash,are extra careful about approving new loans. 【精析】细节推断题。第十六段首句提到，即使是财务状况良好的借贷人也需要提供大量的文件证明，并用Smith夫妇的事例加以佐证。联系上文第十五段的内容可知，深受房市崩溃之害的抵押放款人规在在批准贷款时格外小心，故答案为D)。 7.【线索词】Guy Cecala, result in A)【定位】由线索词定位到倒数第九段最后两句That leaves the eligible… said Guy Cecala…“It's creating much more of a divide,”he said“between the haves and the have-nots.” 【精析】细节推断题。由定位句可知，Guy Cecala提到，有资格申请贷款的往往是那些较有钱的人和“较年长的人及白人”，这个政策使得贫富分化更加严重。A）中的gap对应原文中的divide, the rich and the poor对应原文中的the haves and the have-nots，故答案为A)。 8. obtain credit 【线索词】During the recession, car buyers 【定位】由线索词定位到倒数第七段第一句During the recession,inability to obtain credit severely cut auto buying as lenders rejected even those with good credit ratings. 【精析】细节辨认题。本题考查经济萧条时期购车量减少的原因。题干和原文中都出现了During the recession，题干中的the number of car buyers对应原文中的auto buying, decreased对应原文中的cut, difficult to对应原文中的inability to，故答案为 obtain credit。 9.(to) charge fees 【线索词】Credit card interest rates, new rules 【定位】由线索词定位到倒数第四段On credit cards, rates have actually inched higher this year, largely because of new rules that curb the issuer's ability to charge fees or raise certain interest rates at will. 【精析】同义转述题。本题考查新规定对信用卡开卡机构的限制。题干和原文都出现了issuers，题干中的do not allow对应原文中的curb，且都出现了raise certain interest rates，由此可知（to) charge fees为答案。 10. spending habits 【线索词】Elizabeth Crowell, the current recession, previous ones 【定位】由线索词定位到末段末句So I think where maybe after other recessions they might return to previous spending habits, the pendulum hasn't swung back the same way. 【精析】细节推断题。本题考查此次经济衰退与前几次经济衰退之间的不同。定位句指出，其他经济衰退后，人们又恢复了以前的消费习惯。也就是人们的消费习愤随着经济来回摇摆。但这次却没看到消费习惯摇摆，故答案为spending habits。 　　Ⅲ【听力】 Section A 　　11. 　　M: I’d like to go camping with you this weekend, but I don’t have a sleeping bag. 　　W: No problem. You can count on me to get one for you. My family has tons of camping gear. 　　Q: What does the woman mean? 　　答案：She can lend the man a sleeping bag. 　　【解析】这是一道较为简单的推理题，前提是考生需知道camping gear表示“野餐用具，露营装备”，由此可知，camping gear包括sleeping bag，即女士能借给男士一个睡袋，此题的设置稍微绕了个小弯，为考生解题设置了一定难度。go camping：去野餐，去露营；sleeping bag：睡袋。 　　12. 　　M: I know I promise to drive you to the airport next Thursday, but I’m afraid something has come up. They’ve called a special meeting at work. 　　W: No big deal. Karen said she was available as a back-up. 　　Q: What does the woman mean? 　　答案: Karen can take her to the airport. 　　【解析】此题为细节题。从对话中可知，男士下周四临时有事不能送女士去机场了，女士回答说Karen有空。back-up：n. 备用，备份，考生如果知道这个单词的意思，对整个对话的理解会有帮助。 　　13. 　　W: Have you saved enough money for a trip to Hawaii? 　　M: Not even close. My uncle must put the brakes on my travelling plans. 　　Q: What does the man mean? 　　答案：He can’t afford to go traveling yet. 　　【解析】此题为推理题。从男士的回答“我叔叔对我的旅行计划加以限制了。”中可推断出，这位男士还没有足够的钱去旅行。put the brakes on sth.表示“对……加以限制”，即使考生不知道这个短语的引申含义，但听到brake“刹车”应该也能大概判断出来答案。 　　14. 　　M: I’m starving. Do we still have any pie left from the dinner yesterday? 　　W: Oh, Julia invited her friends over in the afternoon and they ate it all. 　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 　　答案：The man has to find something else to eat. 　　【解析】此题为简单的推理题。从对话中可知，女士回答说Julie下午邀请了她的朋友，他们把剩的饼都吃光了，由此可推断出这位男士不得不找别的东西吃。starving：adj. 饥饿的。 　　15. 　　W: Three letters of recommendation are required to apply to graduate schools. I was wondering if the one professor Smith wrote for me last year could still be used. 　　M: It’s a bit dated. You’d better submit a recent one. 　　Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 　　答案：Present a new letter of reference. 　　【解析】此题为细节题。只要考生抓住这位男士回答中的关键词dated和recent，就不难找出正确答案，而且，整个答句也很短，均是简单句，易于考生理解。letter of recommendation和letter of reference意思相似，均可表示“推荐信”。 　　16. 　　W: I’ve noticed that you spend a lot of time tending your garden. Would you like to join our gardening club? We meet every other Wednesday. 　　M: Oh, thanks for the invitation, but this is how I relax. I’d rather not make it something formal and structured. 　　Q: What can we infer about the man? 　　答案：He declines to join the gardening club. 　　【解析】此题为暗示推理题，有一定难度。抓住问题中的关键词“infer”，这位男士暗示了什么？从男士的回答“谢谢邀请，但这是我放松的方式，我宁愿我的花园不那么条条框框”中可推断出，这位男士间接拒绝了参加园艺俱乐部的邀请。 　　17. 　　M: I heard the recent sculpture exhibit was kind of disappointing. 　　W: That’s right. I guess a lot of other people feel the way I do about modern art. 　　Q: What does the woman mean? 　　答案：Many people do not appreciate modern art. 　　【解析】此题为简单的推理题。只要考生能理解女士的回答“我猜许多其他人对现代艺术和我的感觉是一样的。”，即可选出答案，而且答句中没有一个生难单词。sculpture exhibit：雕塑展。 　　18. 　　M: Bob is running for chairman of the student union. Would you vote for him? 　　W: Oh, I can’t decide right now because I have to find out more about the other candidates. 　　Q: What does the woman mean? 　　答案：Bob cannot count on her vote. 　　【解析】此题为推理题。这位女士回答说她现在还没决定选谁，因为她还要看看其他候选人的资料和表现，由此可推断出，Bob不能依赖这位女士的选票。run for：竞选；chairman of the student union：学生会主席；vote for：投票赞成。 Conversation One 　　W: I don’t know what to do. I can’t seem to get anyone in the hospital to listen to my complaints and this outdated equipment is dangerous. Just look at it. 　　M: Hmm, uh, are you trying to say that it presents a health hazard? 　　W: Yes, I am. The head technician in the lab tried to persuade the hospital administration to replace it, but they are trying to cut costs. 　　M: You are pregnant, aren’t you? 　　W: Yes, I am. I made an effort to get my supervisor to transfer me to another department, but he urged me not to complain too loudly. Because the administration is more likely to replace me than an X-ray equipment, I’m afraid to refuse to work. But I’m more afraid to expose my unborn child to the radiation. 　　M: I see what you mean. Well, as your union representative, I have to warn you that it would take quite a while to force management to replace the old machines and attempt to get you transferred may or may not be successful. 　　W: Oh, what am I supposed to do then? 　　M: Workers have the legal right to refuse certain unsafe work assignments under two federal laws, the Occupation or Safety and Health Act and the National Labor Relations Act. But the requirements of either of the Acts may be difficult to meet. 　　W: Do you think I have a good case? 　　M: If you do lose your job, the union will fight to get it back for you along with back pay, your lost income. But you have to be prepared for a long wait, maybe after two years. 　　Q19. What does the woman complain about? 　　Q20. What has the woman asked her supervisor to do? 　　Q21. What does the man say about the two federal laws? 　　Q22. What will the union do if the woman loses her job? 　　【答案】 　　19. The health hazard at her work place. 　　20. Transfer her to another department. 　　21. Their requirements may be difficult to meet. 　　22. Try to help her to get it back. 　　【点评】 　　本篇长对话是关于一名怀孕的员工就工作中的辐射伤害向工会投诉。对话一开篇女士先抱怨自己工作的医院无人听她申诉有关机器已过时，会造成身体伤害的问题，因为医院想要降低成本。然后她提到自己有向主管提出转调部门的要求，然而遭到拒绝。主管还告诫她，医院宁愿换掉她，让他人工作，也不会更换机器。于是工会代表告诉她转调部门确实可能不会成功。同时要想利用目前的法案来解决这一问题，也会很难实现。最后指出，除非她真正丢失工作，工会才能拿起法律武器帮她讨薪。 　　本对话考生虽然对辐射造成身体伤害的话题并不陌生，但整个对话中部分单词可能还是会造成不少听力困扰。比如：health hazard（健康伤害）中的hazard；X-ray equipment（X光仪器）中的X-ray和两大法案的名称虽不难，但也容易混淆大家的视听，而误抓重点。 　　Conversation Two 　　W: Mr. Green, is it fair to say that negotiation is an art? 　　M: Well, I think it’s both an art and science. You can prepare for a negotiation quite scientifically, but the execution of the negotiation has quite a lot to do with one’s artistic quality. The scientific part of a negotiation is in determining your strategy. What do you want out of it? What can you give? Then of course there are tactics. How do you go about it? Do you take an opening position in a negotiation which differs from the eventual goal you are heading for? And then of course there are the behavioral aspects. 　　W: What do you mean by the behavioral aspects? 　　M: Well, that’s I think where the art comes in. In your behavior, you can either be an actor. You can pretend that you don’t like things which you are actually quite pleased about. Or you can pretend to like things which you are quite happy to do without. Or you can be the honest type negotiator who’s known to his partners in negotiation and always plays everything straight. But the artistic part of negotiation I think has to do with responding immediately to cues one gets in the process of negotiation. These can be verbal cues or even body language. This is where the artistic quality comes in. 　　W: So really, you see two types of negotiator then, the actor or the honest one. 　　M: That’ right. And both can work. I would say the honest negotiator can be quite effective in some circumstances. In other circumstances you need an actor. 　　Q23. When is a scientific approach best embodied in a negotiation according to the man? 　　Q24. In what way is a negotiator like an actor according to the man? 　　Q25. What does the man say about the two types of negotiator? 　　【答案】 　　23. In the preparatory phase. 　　24. He behaves in a way contrary to his real intention. 　　25. Both can succeed depending on the specific situation. 　　【点评】 　　本长对话主要是关于谈判的艺术性和科学性。谈判的科学性部分主要体现在谈判策略，而谈判的艺术性则体现在表现上。这里可以归为两类，一是“演技派”，二是“诚实派”。另外，谈判的艺术性还与对谈判过程中获得的口头暗示、肢体语言进行及时反应有关。最后男士指出根据不同场合，无论是“诚实派”，或是“演技派”谈判者都能起到各自的效果。 　　本对话中的关键词有：negotiation：谈判；strategy：策略；behavioral：行为的。 　　 Section B 　　Passage 1 　　A scientific team is studying the thinking ability of eleven and half month old children. The test is a simple one. The baby watches a sort of show on a small stage. In Act One of the show, a yellow cube is lifted from a blue box, and moved across the stage. Then it is returned to the box. This is repeated 6 times. Act Two is similar except that the yellow cube is smaller. Baby boys do not react at all to the difference and the size of the cube. But girls immediately become excited. The scientists interpret the girls’ excitement as meaning they are trying to understand what they have just seen. They are wondering why Act Two is odd and how it differs from Act One. In other words, the little girls are reasoning. This experiment certainly does not definitely prove that girls start to reason before boys, but it provides a clue that scientists would like to study more carefully. Already it is known that bones, muscles and nerves develop faster in baby girls. Perhaps it is early nerve development that makes some infant girls show more intelligence than infant boys. Scientists have also found that nature seems to give another boost to girls. Baby girls usually talk at an earlier age than boys do. Scientists think that there is a physical reason for this. They believe that the nerve endings in the left side of the brain develop faster in girls than in boys, and it is this side of the brain that strongly influences an individual’s ability to use language and remember things. 　　Q26. What is the difference between Act One and Act Two in the test? 　　答案：The size of the objects shown. 　　Q27. How do the scientists interpret their observation from the experiment? 　　答案： Girls seem to start reasoning earlier than boys. 　　Q28. What does the speaker say about the experiment? 　　答案： It may simulate scientists to make further studies. 　　Q29. According to scientists, what is another advantage given to girls by nature? 　　答案： They talk at an early age. 　　【点评】 　　本文是一篇关于幼儿思维能力的文章。… but it provides a clue that… 一句前都是具体的实验过程，是一个例子，重点在实验为科学研究提供的线索。实验发现可能是早期的神经发育使女婴比男婴更聪明。科学家们还发现，自然可能还给了女孩另一大优势，那就是女孩通常比男孩早开口说话，而这也是因为神经末梢发育快于男孩。 　　关键词：interpret v. 解释；翻译boost n. 推动，帮助 　　Passage 2 　　A super attendant of the city municipal building, Dillia Adorno, was responsible for presenting its new security plan to the public. City employees, citizens and reporters gathered in the hall to hear her describe the