城市森林不同林分类型的昆虫...样性_以南京紫金山南麓为例_唐楚飞.pdf

2023,31(2):22357,pages 113doi:10.17520/biods.2022357收稿日期:2022-06-29;接受日期:2022-10-13基金项目:江苏省自然科学基金青年基金(BK20210159)、江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(CX(20)3184)、江苏省农业科学院探索性颠覆性项目(ZX(21)1227)和江苏农林职业技术学院院级课题(2021KJ45)*通讯作者 Author for correspondence.E-mail:https:/www.biodiversity-城市森林不同林分类型的昆虫多样性:以南京紫金山南麓为例唐楚飞1,葛成2,曹烨1,曹弘毅1,宋晓晓3,廖怀建1*1.江苏省农业科学院休闲农业研究所,南京 210014;2.江苏省农林职业技术学院农学园艺学院,江苏句容 212400;3.中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特 010010摘要:为阐明影响城市森林昆虫多样性的关键因素,本研究采用扫网法与马氏网法,于2020年7月下旬至2021年7月上旬对江苏南京紫金山南麓阔叶混交林、针阔混交林、针阔混交沼泽地、针阔混交绿道、人工阔叶绿道和人工针叶林6类生境开展昆虫多样性调查。累计采集昆虫9目78科145种59,648头,其中鳞翅目、半翅目、膜翅目与双翅目的物种数和个体数相对较高。-多样性分析结果显示,阔叶混交林昆虫多样性最高,人工针叶林最低。仅针阔混交沼泽地与阔叶混交林的昆虫群落中等相似,其他生境昆虫群落均互相中等不相似或极不相似。冗余分析与Pearson相关性分析结果表明,虽然各主要昆虫类群-多样性与环境因素的相关性存在差异,但总体而言,影响紫金山南麓昆虫多样性的环境因素主要为人为干扰程度、人流量、气温、日照时长、降水和海拔,其中植被人为干扰程度影响最为显著,干扰程度越强,昆虫多样性越低。科学地规划和管理植被结构是保护城市森林昆虫多样性的关键。关键词:城市森林;昆虫多样性;影响因素;人为干扰;紫金山唐楚飞,葛成,曹烨,曹弘毅,宋晓晓,廖怀建(2023)城市森林不同林分类型的昆虫多样性:以南京紫金山南麓为例.生物多样性,31,22357.doi:10.17520/biods.2022357.Tang CF,Ge C,Cao Y,Cao HY,Song XX,Liao HJ(2023)Insect diversity in different stand types of urban forest:A case study at the southern foot of ZijinMountain,Nanjing.Biodiversity Science,31,22357.doi:10.17520/biods.2022357.Insect diversity in different stand types of urban forest:A case study at thesouthern foot of Zijin Mountain,NanjingChufei Tang1,Cheng Ge2,Ye Cao1,Hongyi Cao1,Xiaoxiao Song3,Huaijian Liao1*1 Institute of Leisure Agriculture,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 2100142 College of Agronomy and Horticulture,Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry,Jurong,Jiangsu 2124003 Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010ABSTRACTAims:This research aimed to clarify the correlation between various environmental factors,such as anthropogenicimpacts,and the insect diversity in urban forests,which can lead to the elucidation of key factors that can affect insectdiversity in urban forests.Furthermore,this could result in the development and implementation of more efficientconservation guidelines and conservation strategies for the protection of urban species diversity.Methods:From late July 2020 to early July 2021,with the use of sweeping method and Malaise traps,we collectedinsects from six habitats with different stand types from Zijin Mountain,Nanjing,including greenway in artificialbroadleaf forest,greenway in broadleaf-conifer mixed forest,wetland in broadleaf-conifer mixed forest,as well aswoodlands in artificial coniferous forest,broadleaf-conifer mixed forest,and broadleaf mixed forest.Insects wereidentified using morphological guides from taxonomic monographs.Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Pielou evennessindex,Margalef richness index,and Simpson diversity index were used to evaluate-diversity.Differences between研究报告唐楚飞等:城市森林不同林分类型的昆虫多样性:以南京紫金山南麓为例2023年|31卷|2期|22357|第2页insect diversity in different habitats and taxonomic orders were evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis analyses.Insect diversity indifferent habitats was estimated by rarefaction and extrapolation analyses.Bray-Curtis distance was calculated toevaluate the similarity of insect diversity and richness between different habitats.The influence of differentenvironmental variables,both abiotic and biotic,on insect diversity was evaluated by redundancy analysis and Pearsoncorrelation.Both samplings of the whole year and a part of summer were used.Results:Atotal of 59,648 insects belonging to 145 species in 78 families and 9 orders were collected.Among these,theorders Lepidoptera,Hemiptera,Hymenoptera,and Diptera had the highest number of species and relative abundance.Most species were captured between July and September.Rarefaction and extrapolation analyses showed that thecollections of specimens can represent the insect communities of each habitat.The-diversity analyses indicated thatwoodland in broadleaf mixed forest had the highest insect diversity among sampled habitats,while woodland inartificial coniferous forest had the lowest.Although most habitats do not differ significantly in-diversity,in terms ofspecies composition,only the wetland in broadleaf-conifer mixed forest was moderately similar to the woodland inbroadleaf mixed forest.Other habitats were all moderately dissimilar or very dissimilar to each other.The redundancyanalyses showed that artificial interference of vegetation,pedestrian volume,altitude,temperature,sunshine duration,and precipitation were the major variables that significantly impacted insect diversity at the southern foot of ZijinMountain.In addition,Pearson analyses indicated that most variables are correlated to insect diversity.Despite thedifferent effects environmental variables have on the-diversity of major insect orders,artificial interference ofvegetation had the most significant effect,as our results showed that insect diversity significantly decreased with theincrease of artificial interference of vegetation.Considering the correlations between insect diversity and other variablesthat can be attributed to artificial interference