2008年12月大学英语四级真题解析+听力原文.docx

2008年12月大学英语四级考试试题解析 Part I Writing * 解题思路 1. 审解题目： 　　本文为问题解决类作文。首先提出一种社会现象；然后对这一现象所带来的问题进行分析和阐述；最后对解决这一问题的方法进行论述：赞成或反对。 2. 写作步骤： 本文为提纲式作文，写作应按照试卷上给出的汉语提纲进行，分三段将所涉及内容论述清楚： 第一段：引出一次性塑料袋在人们生活中广泛使用的现象； 第二段：列举使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题； 第三段：对限制使用一次性塑料袋这一政策阐述自己的观点：可以支持以上观点，并进行总结强调；也可以否定以上观点，并提出反对理由。 范文： Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags Plastic bags have been an indispensable part of our daily life for many years. But recently the problems of using disposable plastic bags have been brought into people’s concern. Although plastic bags have brought great convince to people, it has also caused a lot of problems. First of all, the use of disposable plastic bags causes great harm to our environment. As these bags can not be discomposed, they pollute the field and water. Besides, plastic bags do harm to people’s health as well, because they are made of chemical materials which may contaminate our food. What’s more, the over use of plastic bags is also a kind of waste of resources. Therefore, limiting the use of disposable plastic bags is of great significance. This policy not only enhances people’s awareness of environmental protection, but also reduce the waste of resources. In short, we should do our best to limit the use of plastic bags for ourselves and for the next generation. 经典句式: 1. Recently, the problem of … has become the focus of the public concern. 2. It is important to point out that… 3. On one hand, … . On the other hand, … 4. Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that … 5. First of all, … . Besides, …. What’s more, … 6. … is of great significance. 7. It is high time that we put an end to … Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) * 解题思路 1. 【答案】 A 【解析】 本题的定位信息是Stella Bianchi, 答案来自第三段第一句Stella says, “I thought she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for ‘disciplining her child’”. 意思是：Stella说：“我原以为她是过来是要道歉的，但是相反由于我“教育她的孩子”，她却冲我大喊大叫。discipline“训导”题干问：当Stella Bianchi与小男孩说话时，她期待男孩的妈妈做什么？因此A选项“道歉”是正确答案。 2. 【答案】 D 【解析】 本题的定位信息是dealing with other people’s children, 答案来自第四段第二句Dealing with other people’s children has become a minefield. 意思是：教育别人的小孩称得上是一个“雷区”，minefield意为“雷区”，引申为比较难处理的问题。所以此句的意思是：教育别人家的小孩会有非常之多的麻烦。题干问：关于教育别人家的小孩的问题作者说了什么？因此D选项“这个可能会使某一个人碰到很多的麻烦”是正确答案。 3. 【答案】 B 【解析】 本题的定位信息是Naomi White of Monash University, 答案来自第七段最后一句We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you’re saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that’s somehow a criticism of me. 意思是：家长认为孩子是自己生命的延续，所以说如果你要是批评孩子行为不当，家长就会认为，你是在批评他本人。题干问：根据Monash University的Naomi White教授所说，当孩子受到批评时，他们的父母可能感觉会怎样？因此B选项“受到伤害”是正确选项。 4. 【答案】 A 【解析】 本题的定位信息是Andrew Fuller , 答案来自第九段第一句 “I’d go to the child first,” says Andrew Fuller. 意思是：Andrew Fuller说“我首先会直接找孩子”。题干问：根据Andrew Fuller所说，看到别人家小孩的不良行为，人们应该怎么做？因此A选项“直接找小孩谈”是正确选项。 5. 【答案】 B 【解析】 本题的定位信息是the child-centric nature of our society, 答案来自第十四段第二句和第十五和十六段第一句Physical punishment, once accepted from any adult, is no longer appropriate….For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone… He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy (礼貌).意思是：体罚，曾经被接受，但现在已经不再合适了…Andrew Fuller认为以孩子为中心的社会本质已经影响了所有的人…他把这看成是缺少公共道德和礼貌的。题干问：由于社会本质是以孩子为中心，所以会出现什么情况？因此B选项“在大庭广众之下来批评孩子是不应该的”是正确选项。 6. 【答案】 B 【解析】 本题的定位信息是overwork and lack of sleep，答案来自第十七段A code of conduct is hard to create when you’re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep…意思是：在一个由于超时工作和缺乏睡眠而使人精疲力尽的社会中…，行为准则是很难建立的。题干问：在一个由于超时工作和缺乏睡眠而使人精疲力尽的社会中，会出现什么情况？因此B选项“关于这种行为准则是比较难以创建的”是正确选项。 7. 【答案】 D 【解析】 本题的定位信息是got into trouble，答案来自第十八段The days when a kid came home from school and said, “I got into trouble”, and dad said, “you probably deserved it”. 意思是：当这个小孩过去回到家里说“碰到了问题”，爸爸可能会说“你活该”。题干问：以前当孩子们在学校碰到问题的时候，人们会做出怎样的回应？因此D选项“他们会责备他们自己的孩子”是正确选项。 8. 【答案】 challenged 【解析】 本题的定位信息是notions of a more child-centered society，答案来自倒数第五段第一句White believes our notions of a more child-centered society should be challenged. 意思是：怀特教授认为以孩子们为中心的这种想法应该受到质疑。题干问：怀特教授认为以孩子们为中心的社会这种想法应该被怎样？过去分词challenged是正确答案。 9. 【答案】 be proud of 【解析】 本题的定位信息是professor White，答案来自倒数第四段最后一句We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of…意思是：我们把孩子们看成是一样东西—一样无论是外表还是所取得的成就都是我们为之骄傲的东西。题干问：根据怀特教授所说，现在家长们对待孩子，就好象孩子是什么呢？短语be proud of 是正确答案。 10.【答案】 stay silent 【解析】 本题的定位信息是Andrew Fuller，答案来自最后第一段最后第一句He recommends that we don’t stay silent over inappropriate behavior, particularly with regular visitors.意思是：他建议我们不应该对一些不当行为保持沉默，尤其是对那些常犯的错误，更应如此。题干问：教授建议当孩子们表现不好时，我们也不应该怎样？动词短语stay silent是正确答案。 Part III Listening Comprehension Section A * 　解题思路 ＞＜ 11. M: I just received an email from one of my former classmates. I was surprised, I hadn’t heard from him for ages. W: Well, I’ve been out of touch with most of my old friends, only one or two drop me a line occasionally. Q: What does the woman mean? 【答案】D 【解析】该题选项C，D都是讲she和老朋友的联系情况，但意思相反，所以其一很可能为正确答案。对话中女士说道I’ve been out of touch(失去联系) with most of my old friend, only one or two drop me a line（写封短信）occasionally（偶尔）。由此可推断该女士has lost contact（联系）with most of her old friends。故答案为D。 12. M: If you can make up your mind about the color, I can start on the outside of your house early next week. 　 W: Well, right now I think I want white for the window frames and yellow for the walls. But I’ll let you know tomorrow. 　 Q: Who was the woman talking to? 【答案】A 【解析】选项表明，该题考查的是职业，而且都是维修或者装修方面的，所以听音时要注意识别关键词。对话中提到的color, white for the window, yellow for the walls都表明和女士谈话的是要给她刷油漆的工人，故答案为A。make up one’s mind意为“下决心，决定”。 13. W: Excuse me, do you have any apartments available for under 500 dollars a month? I need to move in next week when my new job starts. 　 M: The only vacant one I have is 600 dollars. Have you inquired the apartment complex down the street? 　 Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 【答案】C 【解析】选项表明，该题很可能考查的是某人找房子，租房子的事情。对话中女士想租一间每月房租低于500美元的房子，但男士说目前只有一间600美元的房子可以出租，他建议女士inquire the apartment complex（公寓） down the street，故答案为C。 14. W: You bought a pair of jeans yesterday, didn’t you? What are they like? 　 M: Oh, they are pretty like my other ones except with the larger waist. I guess I hadn’t spent much time exercising lately. 　 Q: What can we infer from the conversation about the man? 【答案】C 【解析】该题各选项都讲了关于he的一些细节，表面上意思不重叠，但通过仔细分析我们可能会推理到he买了一条牛仔裤。听音时要注意各选项之间的内在联系。对话中女士问男士最近买的牛仔裤怎么样？男士回答道they are pretty like my other ones except with the larger waist(除了腰肥一点，和我其他的裤子没什么两样)，I guess I hadn’t spent much time exercising lately(我想我最近没有花很多时间来锻炼身体)。由此我们可以推断，男士最近由于缺乏锻炼而长胖（gained some weight）了。故答案为C。 15. W: I really like those abstract paintings we saw yesterday. What do you think? 　 M: I guess it’s something I haven’t acquired a taste for yet? 　 Q: What does the man imply? 【答案】D 【解析】选项表明，该题可能考查的是男士或者女士对（抽象）艺术的品味或感觉。对话中男士对抽象画（abstract paintings）的感觉是it’s something he hasn’t acquired a taste for yet(还没有获得欣赏抽象艺术的品味)，这是一种委婉的表达方式，他的真正含义是他doesn’t like abstract paintings。故答案为D。 16. W: You haven’t seen a blue notebook, have you? I hope I didn’t leave it in the reading room. 　 M: Did you check that pile of journals you’ve borrowed from library the other day? 　 Q: What is the man trying to say to the woman? 【答案】B 【解析】该题选项A, B都是关于notebook的不同位置，故本题很可能考查的就是笔记本的位置问题。对话中男士向女士建议to check that pile of journals she has borrowed from library the other day(检查一下她那天从图书馆借的一堆杂志)，故答案为B。 17. M: How about joining me for a cup of coffee? 　 W: I’d love to, but I'm exhausted. I was up till 3 this morning writing a paper for my literature class. 　 Q: Why does the woman decline the man’s invitation? 【答案】A 【解析】选项A，D都是关于she的睡眠问题。听音时要注意各选项之间的内在联系。对话中男士邀请女士喝杯咖啡（How about joining me for a cup of coffee）,女士回答道I’d love to, but I’m exhausted(筋疲力尽). I was up till 3 this morning writing a paper for my literature class.故我们可以推断女士是由于想睡觉而decline the man’s invitation(拒绝邀请)。故答案为A。 18. W: You had a job interview yesterday, didn’t you? How did it go? 　 M: Not too bad, I guess. There were about 20 candidates competing for the sales manager job. And finally it was down to 3 of us, but the other two seemed better qualified. 　 Q: What does the man imply? 【答案】B 【解析】选项表明，该题考查的是he工作面试的情况。对话中女士问男士工作面试进行的怎么样（How did it go?）。男士回答道,最后有三个人竞争销售经理（sales manager）这个职位，但是the other two seemed better qualified(更称职)。由此我们可知，男士暗示的是his chance of getting the job is slim(他获得这个职位的机会很小)。故答案为B。 Long Conversation One F: Simon, how does it feel to be retired? M: Well, not so bad. F: How have you been spending your time? M: I have been spending more time with my family. I’ve also traveled a bit, you know, off season when everywhere is less crowded and hotels cost less. F: Great. M: You know I haven’t stopped work completely. F: Yes, could you tell us more about this? M: I’m on a scheme that’s called phased retirement; I had a six-month break from work, after that I could apply for project work with the company I used to work for. F: How does the scheme work? M: Well, it’s a trial at the moment. Instead of hiring temporary stuff, the company advertises posts on its website that retired employees like myself can access. F: What sort of works advertised? M: Well, all sorts of things, really. Administrative work and more specialized work, the sort of thing I can do. Some of the projects can last five or six months, and others can just be a couple of days. I can decide more or less when to work. So I can manage my own time. F: I can see it’s good for you. What is your company get out of this? M: Well, I still have all my old contacts at work, so I know who to contact to get something done. The company gets flexibility, too. Once the job’s over, that’s it. I’m not on their books any more. 19. Why does Simon find his retired life enjoyable? 20. How does Simon get to know about the company’s available posts? 21. Why does the company adopt the phased retirement scheme? * 　解题思路 ＞＜ 19. 【答案】A 【解析】通过预览和分析该对话所有的备选项,我们也许只能通过几个关键词personnel, staff, retired employees来猜测该题可能是关于员工或者退休员工的问题。题19的各选项表明，该题是关于he的工作或者生活情况。该问题是为什么Simon认为自己的退休生活是enjoyable(令人愉快的)。对话中Simon提道，他退休后可以spend more time with his family,还可以travel a bit off season(在淡季) when everywhere is less crowded and hotels cost less。由此可知，Simon是因为能够灵活地（flexibly）支配自己的时间而喜欢他的退休生活。故答案为A。 20. 【答案】D 【解析】选项表明，该题考查的是某人联系工作的途径。该问题为Simon如何得知该公司有空缺的职位（available posts）。对话中Simon提道the company advertises posts on its website that retired employees like myself can access(有机会访问，接近)。故答案为D。 21. 【答案】D 【解析】选项表明，该题可能考查的是公司采取某项措施的目的。该问题问该公司adopt the phased retirement scheme（逐步的，分阶段退休方案）的目的。对话中Simon提道，公司雇佣他这个退休人员是因为he still has all his old contacts at work（工作联系）, so he knows who to contact to get something done. The company gets flexibility（灵活性，机动性）。由此我们可推断，公司是想利用退休工人资源（utilize its retired employees’ resources）。故答案为D。 Long Conversation Two W: Oh, where are we going? M: I want to show you something. W: I know, but what is it? M: A farm. It’s just down this road. It’s a small place, but at least it would be our own. W: A farm? How can we afford to buy a farm? M: It isn’t very large, only 40 acres. We wouldn’t have to pay very much right now. W: Is there a house on the place? M: A small one, two bedrooms, but it needs to be fixed up a little. I can do the job myself. W: OK. Is there enough space for a kitchen garden? M: There is about half an acre around the house. That’s plenty of space. W: Then we can grow our own fresh vegetables. And maybe keep a few chickens, couldn’t we? M: Yes, and we can probably grow a lot of our own food. W: What are you thinking about growing, if we do take this place? M: Well, it really isn’t big enough for corn. I thought we might try to raise a crop of potatoes. W: Potatoes? There are a lot of work.. M: We are used to hard work, aren’t we? W: Yes, we are, but the money. Do we have enough to get started? It seems like a dream. M: I think we’ve saved enough. We can pay a little on the farm and maybe put a few dollars down on the tractor, too. 22. What are the speakers going to do at the time of the conversation? 23. What does the man say about the farm? 24. Why does the man intend to grow potatoes rather than corn on the farm? 25. What is the woman’s greatest concern about the man’s plan? * 　解题思路 ＞＜ 22. 【答案】C 【解析】做对话听力前我们通常要先预览和分析该对话中所有的选项，我们可以通过题24的所有选项以及题23的选项D推断该对话是关于一片土地的。题22的所有选项都是动词原形短语，表示计划做某事或者建议做某事。该问题为，说话者在进行谈话的时候正要去做什么。对话一开始男士就要给女士看一样东西（show something）,a farm是男士花钱买来的一个农场。故选项C最为恰当。 23. 【答案】B 【解析】该题各选项都是关于it的一些细节问题，听音时要注意细节的把握。该问题是：关于这块地，男士都说了什么？对话中男士说It’s a small place, and there are two bedrooms on the place。故选项B最为准确。 24. 【答案】C 【解析】选项表明，该题考查的是关于在这块土地上应该种些什么农作物的问题。对话中男士说道it really isn’t big enough for corn. I thought we might try to raise a crop of potatoes. 故答案为C。 25. 【答案】A 【解析】在做这个题目之前，要弄清楚各个选项中单词的含义。该问题是：关于男士的计划，女士最关心的问题是什么？对话中男士建议种土豆，女士担心要做a lot of work;男士说we are used to hard work(已经习惯了辛苦的工作)；女士表示同意，但是还担心钱（money）的问题。故答案为A。finance,资金，经费。 Section B Passage One Members of the city council and distinguished guests, it is my privilege to introduce to you today Mr. Robert Washington, chief of our city's police force. He'll address us on the subject of the Community Policing Program. Most of you know that Mr. Washington has a distinguished record as head of our police force for more than ten years. However, you may not know that he also holds a master's degree in criminology and studied abroad a year with the international police force which deals with crimes around the world. Mr. Washington first introduced the Community Policing Program eight years ago. The idea behind the program is to get police officers out of their cars and into our neighborhoods where they can talk directly to merchants and residents about the real dynamics of our city. These officers do more than make arrests. They try to find ways to help solve the problems that contribute to crime in the first place. Often, that means hooking people up with services offered by other city agencies such as schools, hospitals, housing, drug treatment centers. And the program seems to be working: crime is down and our citizens report that they feel more secure. Today, Mr. Washington is going to tell us more about this program. Now let's welcome Mr. Robert Washington. 　　 26. What is the purpose of the speaker's remarks? 27. What does the speaker say about Mr. Robert Washington? 28. What is the idea behind the Community Policing Program? 29. How has the Community Policing Program turned out to be? * 　解题思路 ＞＜ 26. 【答案】 A 【解析】 四个选项都是to do不定式引导的目的状语，因此可猜测本题考查点可能是某个事件的目的，在听音时要注意有关事件及表示目的的关键词。本题实际问题是：说话者发言的目的是什么？文中第一句提到Members of the city council and distinguished guests, it is my privilege to introduce