2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）.docx

 2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）   英语试卷 考生注意： 1. 考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。 2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第I卷（第1－12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。 第I卷(共103分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. It is satisfactory.             B. It is luxurious. C. It is old-fashioned.           D. It is disappointing. 2. A. On August 5th.   B. On August 6th.   C. On August 7th.   D. On August 8th. 3. A. A waiter.   B. A butcher.   C. A porter.   D. A farmer. 4. A. In a theatre.   B. In a library.   C. In a booking office.   D. In a furniture store. 5. A. She expected to a better show.      B. She could hardly find her seat.   C. She wasn’t interested in the show.   D. She didn’t get a favourable seat.  6. A. The woman often eats out for breakfast.   B. The cafeteria serves good breakfast.   C. The woman doesn’t have breakfast.       D. The cafeteria doesn’t serve breakfast. 7. A. Selling cucumbers.   B. Planting vegetables.  C. Cooking a meal.   D. Picking tomatoes. 8. A. The man should work hard.         B. The man should turn down the job offer.   C. The man may have another chance.   D. The man can apply for the job again. 9. A. It is a hot and smoggy day.   B. There is a traffic jam on King Street.   C. A vehicle is polluting the air.  D. The man is reading a report online. 10. A. Its ending is not good enough.   B. Its special effects are not satisfying.   C. It deserves an award.          D. It is good except for the scary part. Section B   Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.  11. A. $1.  B. $2  C. $3  D. $ 52. 12. A. Pay the bills first.    B. Spend 2% of the salary on living expenses.    C. Deposit $1000 every month.    D. Put part of the money in a savings account. 13. A. Methods of saving money.    B. Saving money for family emergencies.    C. The importance of saving money.    D. Secrets of spending money wisely. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Free education.  B. A sum of money.   C. Donations from a local newspaper.   D. Gifts from many people. 15. A. Let students in before school.    B. Offer ice cream and coffee.    C. Introduce a bank into the campus.    D. Reduce the traffic jams around. 16. A. It lacks positive news.    B. It should grow into a big city.    C. It is a place worth living in.    D. It remains peaceful and quiet. Section C    Directions: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form.  Write ONE WORD for each answer.  Class Diary (June 13-19) □13SUN □14MON     17    for after-class activity application □15TUE □16WED Handing in three student     18    □17THU Basketball Club meeting Time:12:45—1:30pm       Place: The     19    □18FRI Filling in a form with up-to-date personal data Time:    20    break      Place: The computer room □19SAT Blank 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form.  Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Who is Sue Walter? She is     21    in court and a writer. What is Sue’s suggestion for people with difficulties?      22    In Sue’s eyes, what is the best part about her job?      23    in decision-making. What does Sue think happiness is?      24     II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A    Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. (A) Bags of Love   Last year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother’s house, so I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.   After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly — we were always suddenly out of something. (25)_______(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and (26)_______ happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (27)______ she distributed it to children.   I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me —shy would she mot want to tell me about what she (28)_____(do)? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29)_____(buy) the groceries if I found out?   When she got home, I told her about my discovery. (30)_____ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn’t need to keep it a secret (31)______ me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by (32)_____ selfless she was.  (B) Stress: Good or Bad?   Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.   In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm. It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the (35)_____(good) your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself (36)_______ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)______, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient of (38) _____(annoy) with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better(39)______(control ) your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.   To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40)_______ (get )ill. Section B    Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. account  B. adjustable  C. appliances  D. capture  E. decorations  F. direct   G. experiment  H. intended  I. operated  J. soulless  K. squeeze Golden Rules of Good Design   What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to   41         the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows. Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary   42      More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is   43  design. Post-Modernist designers began to   44   with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen    45   such as ovens and kettles.    Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is    46   . For example, think of a(n)   47   desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to    48   light where it is needed.    From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into    49   the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational(理性的). When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily    50   the toothpaste onto our brush. III. Reading Comprehension Section A     Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively   51   work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work. In any case, despite so much evidence to the   52  , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe,   53   , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from   54   without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers. Different cultures have different ways of   55   people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to   56   to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general   57  . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional   58   managers cannot. A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without   59   managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing:   60   the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be   61   with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has   62   been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to   63   that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less. Another trend is off-site or   64   management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the   65    of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them. 51. A. desire   B. seek    C. lose    D. dislike    52. A. contrary   B. expectation   C. degree    D. extreme   53. A. vice versa  B. for example   C. however   D. otherwise 54. A. outside   B. inside    C. below    D. above  55. A. replacing  B. assessing   C. managing   D. encouraging   56. A. refer   B. contribute   C. object    D. apply 57. A. agreement  B. practice   C. election   D. impression 58. A. bossy   B. experienced   C. western   D. male   59. A. asking   B. training   C. warning   D. firing  60. A. doubling  B. maintaining   C. reducing   D. estimating  61. A. honoured  B. left    C. crowded   D. compared 62. A. economically B. traditionally  C. inadequately  D. occasionally  63. A. deny   B. admit    C. assume   D. ensure 64. A. virtual   B. ineffective   C. day-to-day   D. on-the-scene 65. A. opinion   B. risk    C. performance  D. attractiveness Section B Direction：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished sattments. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A)    One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word “Poems” appeared in big, hot pink letters.   “Is it good?” I asked her.   “Yeah,” she answered. “There’s one I really like and you’ll like it, too.” I leaned forward.   “‘Patty Poem,’” she read the title. Who is Patty? I wondered. The poem began: She never puts her toys away,                    Just leaves them scattered① where they lay,…      ①散乱的    The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:                         When she grows and gathers poise②,         ②稳重                         I’ll miss her harum-scarum③ noise,         ③莽撞的                         And look in vain④ for scattered toys.        ④徒劳地 And I’ll be sad.                   A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the shock.   “It’s you, honey,” My mother said sadly.   To my mother, the poem revealed a parent’s affection when her child grows up and leaves. To me, the “she” in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible I burst out crying.    “What’s wrong?” my mother asked.   “Oh Mama,” I cried. “I don’t want to grow up ever!”   She smiled. “Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime soon. And when you do, I’ll still love you, okay?”   “Okay,” I was still weeping. My panic has gone.