2017年硕士生入学考试初试试题.rar

第 1 页 共 23 页空军工程大学 2017 年硕士研究生入学试题考试科目：翻译硕士英语（A 卷）考试科目：翻译硕士英语（A 卷）科目代码 211 说明：说明：答题时必须答在配发的空白答题纸上，答题可不抄题，但必须写清题号，写在试题上不给分;考生不得在试题及试卷上做任何其它标记，否则试卷作废；试题必须同试卷一起交回。PART I MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS 20 POINTSPART I MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS 20 POINTSSECTION A GRAMMARSECTION A GRAMMARDirections:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1.Fool _Helen is,she could not have done such a thing.A who B as Cthat D like 2._ time,John will make a first-class tennis player.A Having B Given C Giving D Had3.Intellect is to the mind _sight is to the body.A what B as Cthat Dlike4.After _ seemed an endless wait,it was his turn to enter the personnel managers office.A that Bthere C what Dit5._ your timely advice,I would never have known how to go about the work.AUnless B But for C Except for D Not for第 2 页 共 23 页6.Sam is_ hardworking than his sister,but he failed in the exam.A no less Bno more Cnot less D no so7._for the fact that she broke her leg,Mary might have passed the exam.A Had it not been B Hadnt it been C Was it not D Were it not8.It is futile to discuss the matter further,because _ going to agree upon anything today.Aneither you nor I are B neither you nor me isCneither you nor I am D neither me nor you are9.Her strong sense of humor was _make everyone in the room burst out laughing.A so as to B such as to Cso that D.such that10._at in this way,the present economic situation doesnt seem so gloomy.ALooking B Looked C Having looked D To look11.Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people _.Ado B hear Cdo them Dhearing it12.The meeting was put off because we _ a meeting without Peter.Aobjected having B were objected to havingCobjected to have D objected to having13.The oceans _ divide the world_ unite it.Anotas B/C do not so much as D do so muchthan第 3 页 共 23 页14.Time is what we want most,but what,alas,many use _.Ait B worse C wisely D flexibly15.It is absolutely essential that John _ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.Awill continue B continued C continue D continuesSECTION B VACABULARYSECTION B VACABULARYDirections:There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence.Choose the ONE word or phrase which would best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined part.Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.16.The official promised to be candid,but we wondered.Adiscreet B open and frankCcasual D sweet17.Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets misplaced in transit.Amisuse Bmishandled Cmistaken Dmislaid18.His miscellaneous expenses include stamps and haircuts.Adaily B many different C additional Dannual19.In winter,many homeless vagabonds prefer to live in prison rather than to live in the open.Achildren Bwanders Ccriminals Dtramps20.Because the details of the project were rather hazy,they decided to reject the proposal.Adubious B unobtainable C lucrative D vague第 4 页 共 23 页21.The police decided to make every effort to capture the fiend who murdered the children.Afoolish person B wicked person Chot-headed person D suspected person22.His father refused to see anyone and remained a hermit all his life.Aheretic Bfugitive Crecluse D veteran23.They found a hamlet in the deep forest with only ten families.Aan empty space Ba cottage Ca small village D a tribe24.Does he love his wealthy mother or only pretend for mercenary reasons?Apersonal Bpurely unexplained Cinstinct D selfish25.People who live in crowded cities often experience breathing problems during the summer when high temperature combined with hoary polluted air.Adrab B stagnant Clurid Dgreyish white26.We are at a critical important point in terms of his domestic program.Ajig Bmartin Cmartini D juncture27.If he wins this race,it will make up his recent string of defeats.Aameliorate B atone Casperse D ascertain28.Health inspectors criticized severely the kitchen staff for poor standards of cleanliness.Acastigated Bcapitulated Ccorroded D debilitated29.She was seized the cramps while swimming.Asharks Bswift currents Cstorms D sharp pains30.He is one of the young ladys fervent admirers.第 5 页 共 23 页A ardent B young C first D unseenPART II Close Text 10 POINTSPART II Close Text 10 POINTSDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on your ANSWER SHEET.The human nose is an underrated tool.Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,41 this is largely because,42 animals,we stand upright.This means that our noses are 43 to perceiving those smells which float through the air,44 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.In fact,45 ,we are extremely sensitive to smells,46 we do not generally realize it.Our noses are capable of 47 human smells even when these are 48 to far below one part in one million.Strangely,some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,49 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 50 smell receptors in the nose.These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 51 to the brain.However,it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 52 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 53 to it often enough.The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it 54 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 55 new receptors if necessary.This may 56 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smellswe simply do not need to be.We are not 57 of the usual smell of our own house,but we 58 new smells when we visit 第 6 页 共 23 页someone elses.The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 59 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 60 the smell of smoke,which might indicate the danger of fire.41.A butB asC althoughD while42.A besidesB unlikeC excludingD above 43.A confinedB committedC dedicatedD limited 44.A catchingB trackingC missingD ignoring 45.A anywayB thoughC insteadD therefore46.A even ifB if onlyC only ifD as if47.A determiningB discoveringC distinguishing D detecting48.A dilutedB dissolvedC dispersedD diffused49.A whenB sinceC forD whereas50.A uniqueB particularC unusualD typical51.A messagesB stimuliC signsD impulses52.A at firstB at allC at largeD at times53.A subjectedB leftC drawnD exposed54.A ineffectiveB incompetentC inefficientD insufficient55.A introduceB summonC triggerD create56.A stillB alsoC otherwiseD nevertheless57.A sureB stickC awareD tired58.A tolerateB repelC neglectD notice59.A suitableB reliableC identifiableD available 第 7 页 共 23 页60.A aside fromB such asC along withD similar to PART III PROOFREADING&ERROR CORRECTION 10 POINTSPART III PROOFREADING&ERROR CORRECTION 10 POINTSDirections:The passage contains TEN errors.Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error.In each case,only ONE word is involved.You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word,underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word,mark the position of the missing word with a“”sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word,cross out the unnecessary word with a slash“/”and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEWhen art museum wants a new exhibit,(1)an it never buys things in finished form and hangs(2)neverthem on the wall.When a natural history museum wants an exhibition,it must often build(3)exhibit第 8 页 共 23 页it.Recently,a possible alternative way of producing paper has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists:a plant called hemp.Hemp has been cultivated by many cultures for thousands of years.It produces fiber which can be made paper,fuel,oils,textiles,food,and rope.For many centuries,it was essential to the economies of many countries because it used to make the ropes and cables used on sailing ships;colonial expansion and the establishment of a world-wide trading network would have been possible without hemp.Nowadays,ships cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibers,and scientists are now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp should be revived for the production of paper and pulp.According to its proponents,four times as that much paper can be produced from land,using hemp rather than trees.However,there is a problem:hemp is illegal in many countries of the world.This plant,so useful for fiber,rope,oil,fuel and textiles,is species of cannabis,related to the plant which marijuana is produced.In the late 1930s,a movement to ban the drug marijuana began to gather force,resulted in the eventual banning of the cultivation not only of the plant used to producing the drug,but also of the commercial fiber-producing 61._62._63._64._65._66._67._68._69._第 9 页 共 23 页hemp plantdespite the fact marijuana cannot be produced from the hemp plant,since it contains almost no THC(the active ingredient in the drug).70._PART IV READING COMPREHENSION 30 POINTSPART IV READING COMPREHENSION 30 POINTSDirections:In this part there are four reading passages followed by a total of twenty multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then mark your answers on the answer sheet.TEXT A TEXT A (5 points)During the 1970s and 1980s political extremism and terrorism frequently focused on“national liberation”and economic issues.The collapse of the Soviet bloc,and the ending of its covert funding and encouragement of terrorism led to a decline in the militant and violent left-wing terrorist groups that was a feature of the age.The 1990s have seen the development of a“new terrorism”.This is not to say that state-backed terrorism has ceased,but rather that the spectrum of terrorism has widened.The new terrorism may seek out military or government targets,but it also seeks out symbolic civilian targets,and the victims have mostly been innocent civilians.Growing concern about this new terrorism has been paralleled by concern about the employment of the new information and communication technologies(ICTs).ICTs offer a new dimension for political extremists and terrorists.They allow the diffusion of command and control;they allow boundless new opportunities for 第 10 页 共 23 页communication,and they allow the players to target the information stores,processes and communications of their opponents.The sophistication of the modern nation-state,and its dependency on computer-based ICTs,make the state ever more vulnerable.The use of ICTs to influence,disrupt or damage a nation,its institutions or population by influencing the media,or by subversion,has been called“netwar”.The full range of weapons in the cyberspace armory can be employed in netwar;from propaganda campaigns at one level to interference with databases and networks at the other.What particularly distinguishes netwar from other forms of war is that it targets information and communications,and may be used to alter thinking or disrupt planned actions.In this sense it can be distinguished from earlier forms of warfare economic wars that target the means of production,and political wars that target leadership and government.Netwar is therefore of particular interest to those engaged in non-military war,or those operating at sub-state level.Clearly nation-states might also consider it as an adjunct to military war or as an option prior to moving on to military war.So far,however,it appears to be of greater interest to extremist advocacy groups and terrorists.Because there are no physical limits or boundaries,netwar has been adopted by groups who operate across great distances or transnationally.The growth of such groups,and their growing powers in relation to those of nation states,suggests an evolving power-based relationship for both.Military strategist Martin Van Creveld has suggested that war in the future is more likely to be waged between such groups and states rather than between states and states.第 11 页 共 23 页Most modern adversaries of nation states in the realm of low intensity conflict,such as international terrorists,single-issue extremists and ethnic and religious extremists are organized in networks,although their leadership may sometimes be hierarchical.Law enforcement and security agencies therefore often have difficulty in engaging in low intensity conflict against such networks because they are ill suited to do so.Their doctrine,training and modus(形式)of operation have,all too often,been predicated on combating a hierarchy of command,like their own.Only now are low-intensity conflict and terrorism recognized as“strategic”threats to nation-states,and countries which until very recently thought that terrorism was something that happened elsewhere,have become victims themselves.The Tokyo subway attacked by the Aum Shinriko and the Oklahoma City bombing would have been unthinkable a generation ago,and not only was the civil population unprepared,but also law enforcement.And this despite clear warning signs that such attacks were in the offing.The potential for physical conflict to be replaced by attacks on information infrastructures has caused states to rethink their concepts of warfare,threats and national assets,at a time when information is recognized as a national asset.The adoption of new information technologies and the use of new communication media,such as the Internet,create vulnerabilities that can be exploited by individuals,organizations and state.71.Which of the following is a major feature of the new terrorism?A It obtains financial support from foreign powersB It focuses on military targets of the enemy states.第 12 页 共 23 页C It tends to be organized in a hierarchical mannerD It may choose important civilian targets to attack.72.Netwar should be understood as a war aimed at _.A disrupting the enemys communication systemsB damaging the institutions of the enemy stateC manipulating the enemys means of productionD destroying the leadership of the enemy state73.We can infer from the passage that _.A traditional terrorism was mainly driven by religious fervorB ideological differences will continue to be a cause of terrorismC attacks from small terrorist groups will increasingD the high-tech weapons will greatly facilitate terrorist attacks74.The best title of the passage is _.A ICT:A New Weapon for Terrorism B Netwar:An unfamiliar Form of WarfareC Internet:A Vulnerable Target of Extremists D“New Terrorism”:A Real Threat to the World75.The main difficulty the police have in combating terrorist groups is _.A their poor equipmentB the insufficiency of budgetC the polices obsolete(陈旧的)way of commandD the transnational nature of the new terrorismTEXT B TEXT B (10 points)第 13 页 共 23 页If you want to stay young,sit down and have a good think.This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors,who say that most of our brain