2016929_30_211 翻译硕士英语-2016(1).zip

第 1 页 共 1 页姓 名：报 考 专 业：准 考 证 号 码：密封线内不要写题2016 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题2016 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题参考答案参考答案科目名称：翻译硕士英语（A 卷B 卷）科目代码：211考试时间：3 小时 满分 100 分可使用的常用工具：无 计算器 直尺 圆规（请在使用工具前打）Part I.Vocabulary and Grammar(20 points,1 point for each)1-5 AADAC 6-10 DBAAD 11-15 ACDCC 16-20 ADBABPart II.Error Correction(10 points,1 point for each)21.among 22.under 23.off 24.positive 25.that26.media 27.users 28.that 29.is 30.means Part III.Reading Comprehension (40 points,2 point for each)31-35 CACDB 36-40 CBAAD 41-45 CDADA 46-50 CADBCPart IV.Writing (30 points)51.（作文略）作文评分细则本题满分 30 分，采用总体评分方法，就总的印象给出奖励分，而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。从内容和语言两个方面对考生的作文进行综合评判。评分标准具体分为 7 等：0 分5 分10 分15 分20 分25 分30 分根据语言表达质量可在原有档次上 上下浮动 2 分若字数不足则要酌情扣分：约每少 10 个单词扣 1 分;出现语法、词形变换或细微拼写等错误累计三处扣 0.5 分。第 1 页 共 13 页姓 名：报 考 专 业：准 考 证 号 码：密封线内不要写题2016 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题2016 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目名称：翻译硕士英语（A 卷B 卷）科目代码：211考试时间：3 小时 满分 100 分可使用的常用工具：无 计算器 直尺 圆规（请在使用工具前打）注意：所有答题内容必须写在答题纸上，写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效；考完后试题随答题纸交回。Part I.Vocabulary and Grammar(20 points,1 point for each)Directions:There are 20 statements in this section.After each statement there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.Select the only one choice that best completes the statement.Write your answers on your answer sheet.1.Among all the changes resulting from the _ entry of women into the work force,the transformation that has occurred in the women themselves is not the least important.A.massive B.quantitative C.surplus D.formidable2.No one can function properly if they are _ of adequate sleep.A.deprived B.ripped C.stripped D.contrived3.After four years in the same job his enthusiasm finally _.A.deteriorated B.dispersed C.dissipated D.drained 4.There is supposed to be a safety _ which makes it impossible for trains to collide.A.appliance B.accessory C.machine D.mechanism第 2 页 共 13 页5.There is much I enjoy about the changing seasons,but my favorite time is the _ from fall to winter.A.transmission B.transformation C.transition D.transfer6.Now a paper in Science argues that organic chemicals in the rock come mostly from _ on earth rather than bacteria on Mars.A.configuration B.constitution C.condemnation D.contamination7.Whether you live to eat or eat to live,food is a major _ in every familys budget.A.nutrition B.expenditure C.routine D.provision8.Fiber-optic cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations _.A.simultaneously B.spontaneously C.homogeneously D.contemporarily9.Rumours are everywhere,spreading fear,damaging reputations,and turning calm situations into _ ones.A.turbulent B.tragic C.vulnerable D.suspicious10.The _ cycle of life and death is a subject of interest to scientists and philosophers alike.A.incompatible B.exceeding C.instantaneous D.eternal11.Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking12._ a reply,he decided to write again.第 3 页 共 13 页A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received13.-I _ so busily recently that I _ no time to help you with your maths.-Thats OK.I can manage it by myself.A.had been working;had had B.have worked;had C.am working;will have D.have been working;have14.By this time next month,I _ the task _ to me last mouth.A.have finished,givenB.will have finished,to be givenC.will have finished,givenD.have finished,to be given15.While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news,it is unlikely that television _ the newspaper completely.A.have replaced B.replaceC.will replace D.replaced16.The hours _ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationship with real-life people.Athat Bwhen Cin which Don which17.We should often practise _ English with each other.A.to speak B.speak C.to speaking D.speaking18.Bread and butter _ what Americans usually have for breakfast.A.are B.is C.were D.was19.There _ nothing more for discussion,the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.A.being B.is C.are D.been第 4 页 共 13 页20.What a table!Ive never seen such a thing before.It is _ it is long.A.half not as wide as B.not half as wide as C.as half not wide as D.not as half wide asPart II.Error Correction(10 points,1 point for each)Directions:This part consists of a short passage.In this passage,there are altogether 10 mistakes,one in each numbered line.You are required to change a word,add a word or delete a word.If you add a word,put an insertion mark()in the right place and write the missing word in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet.If you delete a word,cross it and put a slash(/)in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet.If you change a word,cross it and put your word in the corresponding blank on your answer sheet.Remember to write the correct number beside each blank on the answer sheet.Internet jargon,or“netspeak”,is popular to young people.21._It can be fun,convenient and,sometimes,vulgar.That vulgaritycame on fire in a new official report.On Oct 15,the Ministry 22._of Education released off a Chinese language report for 2014.23._While affirming the negative role of some netspeak catchwords,24._the report also called for the regulation of offensive Internet lingo.According to the report,words like diaosi,or loser,epitomize the rude netspeak what has blanketed the Internet.Even some 25._medium outlets are using these words,said the report.“These 26._vulgar words amplify the negative emotions of some Web usages 27._and pollute the online community,”said an opinion piece by Xinhua.Behind every trend that lies a social or psychological 28._need,though.The popularity of vulgar Internet lingo resultsfrom a tendency that the use of these vulgar words seen 29._as a mean of entertainment,the Workers Daily pointed out.30._Part III.Reading Comprehension (40 points,2 point for each)Directions:Read the following passages and answer the questions.第 5 页 共 13 页Choose the most appropriate answer for each question and circle the letter on the answer sheet.Remember to write the letter corresponding to the question number.Questions 31-35 are based on the following passage:In spite of“endless talk of difference,”American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people.There is“the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse,and the casualness and absence of difference”characteristic of popular culture.People are absorbed into“a culture of consumption”launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered“vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere.Instead of intimate shops catering to acknowledgeable elite.”these were stores“anyone could enter,regardless of class or background.This turned shopping into a public and democratic act.”The mass media,advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture,which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous.Writing for the National Immigration Forum,Gregory Rodriguez reports that todays immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation.In1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population;in 1900,13.6 percent.In the10 years prior to 1990,3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents;in the 10years prior to 1890,9.2 for every 1,000.Now,consider three indices of assimilation-language,home ownership and intermarriage.The 1990 Census revealed that“a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English well or very well after ten years of residence.”The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English.“By the third generation,the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.”Hence the description of America as a“graveyard”for languages.By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 第 6 页 共 13 页75.6 percent,higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics（西班牙语国家的人；拉美裔人）“have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S.-born whites and blacks.”By the third generation,one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics,and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks,yet“some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nations assimilative power.”Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America?Indeed.It is big enough to have a bit of everything.But particularly when viewed against Americas turbulent past,todays social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.31.The word“homogenizing”(Line 2,Paragraph 1)most probably means_.A.identifyingB.associatingC.assimilatingD.monopolizing32.According to the author,the department stores of the 19thcentury_.A.played a role in the spread of popular cultureB.became intimate shops for common consumersC.satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable eliteD.owed its emergence to the culture of consumption33.The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S._.A.are resistant to homogenizationB.exert a great influence on American cultureC.are hardly a threat to the common culture第 7 页 共 13 页D.constitute the majority of the population34.Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5?A.To prove their popularity around the worldB.To reveal the publics fear of immigrantsC.To give examples of successful immigrantsD.To show the powerful influence of American culture35.In the authors opinion,the absorption of immigrants into American society is_.A.rewardingB.successfulC.fruitlessD.harmfulQuestions 36-40 are based on the following passage:A white kid sells a bag of cocaine at his suburban high school.A Latino kid does the same in his inner-city neighborhood.Both get caught.Both are first-time offenders.The white kid walks into juvenile court with his parents,his priest,a good lawyer-and medical coverage.The Latino kid walks into court with his mom,no legal resources and no insurance.The judge lets the white kid go with his family;hes placed in a private treatment program.The minority kid has no such option.Hes detained.There,in a nutshell,is what happens more and more often in the juvenile-court system.Minority youths arrested on violent felony charges in California are more than twice as likely as their white counterparts to be transferred out of the juvenile-justice system and tried as adults,according to a study released last week by the Justice Policy Institute,a research center in San Francisco.Once they are in adult courts,young black offenders are 18 times more likely to be jailed and Hispanics（西班牙语国家的人；拉 美 裔 人）seven times more likely than are young white offenders.“Discrimination against kids of color accumulates at every stage of the justice system and skyrockets when juveniles are,tried as adults,”says Dan Macallair,a co-author of 第 8 页 共 13 页the new study.“California has a double standard:throw kids of color behind bars,but rehabilitate white kids who commit comparable crimes.”Even as juvenile crime has declined from its peak in the early 1990s,headline grabbing violence by minors has intensified a get-tough attitude.Over the past six years,43 states have passed laws that make it easier to try juveniles as adults.In Texas and Connecticut in 1996,the latest year for which figures are available,all the juveniles in jails were minorities.Vincent Schiraldi,the Justice Policy Institutes director,concedes that“some kids need to be tried as adults.But most can be rehabilitated.”Instead,adult prisons tend to brutalize juveniles.They are eight times more likely to commit suicide and five times more likely to be sexually abused than offenders held in juvenile detention.“Once they get out,they tend to commit more crimes and more violent crimes,”says Jenni Gainsborough,a spokeswoman for the Sentencing Project,a reform group in Washington.The system,in essence,is training career criminals.And its doing its worst work among minorities.36.From the first paragraph we learn that _.A.the white kid is more lucky than the minority kidB.the white kid has got a lot of help than the minority kidC.the white kid and minority kid has been treated differentlyD.the minority kid should be set free at once37.According to the passage,which of the following is TRUE?A.Kids shouldnt be tried as adultsB.Discrimination exists in the justice systemC.Minority kids are likely to commit crimesD.States shouldnt pass the laws38.The word“skyrocket”(Line 9,Paragraph 2)means _.A.rising sharply第 9 页 共 13 页B.widening suddenlyC.spreading widelyD.expanding quickly39.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.A.something seems to be wrong with the justice systemB.adult prisons have bad influence on the juvenilesC.juveniles in adult prison are ill-treatedD.the career criminals are trained by the system40.The passage shows that the author is _ the present situation.A.amazed atB.puzzled byC.disappointed atD.critical ofQuestions 41-45 are based on the following passage:Habits are a funny thing.We reach for them mindlessly,setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine.“Not choice,but habit rules the unreflecting creatures,”William Wordsworth said in the 19th century.In the ever-changing 21st century,even the word“habit”carries a negative meaning.So it seems contradictory to talk about habits in the same context as innovation.But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits,we create parallel paths,and even entirely new brain cells,that can jump our trains of thought onto new,innovative tracks.Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit,we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits.In fact,the more new things we try,the more creative we become.But dont bother trying to kill off old habits;once those ruts of procedure are 第 10 页 共 13 页worn into the brain,theyre there to stay.Instead,the new habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.“The first thing needed for innovation is attraction to wonder,”says Dawna Markova,author of The Open Mind.“But we are taught instead to decide,just as our president calls himself the Decider.”She adds,however,that“to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one.A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”“All of us work through problems in ways of which were unaware,”she says.Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the ability to approach challenges in four primary ways:analytically,procedurally,collaboratively and innovatively.At the end of adolescence,however,the brain shuts down half of that ability,preserving only those ways of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure,meaning that few of us use our innovative and collabor