1_5. 10年高考真题.docx

曲一线 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》B版 题型四 语法填空 Passage 1 (2022全国甲) 话题:积极的生活态度 　　A visually⁃challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step 1.　　　　　　(journey) the Belt and Road route(路线) by foot.  On the 1,100⁃kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 2.　　　　　　 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 3.　　　　　　(hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 4.　　　　　　 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.  Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 5.　　　　　　(protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6.　　　　　　(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40⁃day journey.  In the last five years, Cao 7.　　　　　　(walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's 8.　　　　　　(high) mountain.  Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4,700 kilometers 9.　　　　　　 Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, 10.　　　　　　(plan) to hike back to Xi'an in five months.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。文章讲述的是一位盲人在朋友的陪伴下徒步40天从北京走到了西安并沿途做环保的经历。 1.to journey　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处journey是动词,意为“沿……旅行”,由于本句已出现谓语hiked,此处应用不定式作定语,修饰a first step。 2.who　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为人,关系词在从句中作主语,故用who。 3.held　考查动词的非谓语形式。hold与前面的the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation构成逻辑上的被动关系,因此用过去分词held作后置定语。 4.A　考查冠词。空后有单数可数名词friend,设空处表示“一个”,故用不定冠词a;设空处在句首,要大写。 5.protection　考查词性转换。environmental 为形容词,修饰名词,故填protect的名词形式。environmental protection意为“环境保护”。 6.meaningful　考查词性转换。even more可修饰形容词或者副词,结合空前的make the hiking trip可知设空处作宾语补足语,故用形容词。 7.has walked　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由前面的时间状语In the last five years可知,此处要用现在完成时,主语为第三人称单数,故填has walked。 8.highest　考查形容词最高级。由语境和常识可知,此处用highest表示“非洲最高的山”。 9.from　考查介词。此处表示从出发地到目的地,应用“from...to...”结构。 10.planning　考查动词的非谓语形式。本句已有谓语flew, 此空作伴随状语,plan与He为逻辑上的主动关系,故填planning。 Passage 2 (2022全国乙) 话题:文化遗产 　　May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 1.　　　　　　the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 2.　　　　　　festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.  The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 3.　　　　　　(address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 4.　　　　　　(large) tea⁃producing country, China has a 5.　　　　　　(responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 6.　　　　　　(share) future for mankind,” he said.  The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued(发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 7.　　　　　　cultural exchanges. A four⁃year tea promotion—Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative.  8.　　　　　　(strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, 9.　　　　　　(invite) twenty⁃nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty⁃six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.  The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕) at the ceremony, opening 10.　　　　　　(it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为说明文。联合国设立国际茶日,为庆祝此节日,中国开展了一系列活动。 1.by　考查介词。由句意可知,国际茶日是由联合国正式命名的。by可表示“由;被”。be named by表示“由……命名”。 2.the　考查冠词。上文提到了这个节日(国际茶日),此处是特指,故用定冠词the。 3.addressed　考查动词时态。中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上发表演讲。设空处作谓语,又与段尾的said相呼应,表示过去的动作,故用一般过去时。 4.largest　考查形容词最高级。在一个大范围内(此处指在世界范围内的各个国家中),表示“最”的概念时,应该填最高级。 5.responsibility　考查词性转换。空前有冠词a,此处应用可数名词的单数形式,故填responsibility。 6.shared　考查动词的非谓语形式。a shared future一个共同的未来。设空处修饰名词future,share和future之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作前置定语。 7.and　考查连词。此处意为“促进国际合作和文化交流”,设空处前后的名词短语为并列关系,因此用and。 8.To strengthen　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处表示目的,应填to strengthen作状语,表示“为了加强……”;因位置在句首,首字母要大写。 9.inviting　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处为现在分词作伴随状语。“活动”和“邀请”之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词。 10.its　考查代词。设空处与后文的first一起修饰名词exhibition,故用形容词性物主代词its。 Passage 3 (2022新高考Ⅰ) 话题:人与动物 　　The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). 1.　　　　　　(cover) an area about three times 2.　　　　　　 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3.　　　　　　(be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 4.　　　　　　(increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.  After a three⁃year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 5.　　　　　　(design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity(原真性) and integrity of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 6.　　　　　　 leaving behind precious natural assets(资产) for future generations”. The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 7.　　　　　　(population) and homes of giant pandas, and 8.　　　　　　(eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.  Giant pandas also serve 9.　　　　　　 an umbrella species, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 10.　　　　　　 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为说明文。大熊猫国家公园的建立不仅能保护大熊猫,而且能够促进该区域所有物种的健康发展。 1.Covering　考查动词的非谓语形式。the GPNP与设空处为逻辑上的主动关系,且设空处位于句首,故用cover的现在分词形式(Covering),意为“占地……”。 2.the　考查冠词。倍数的表达方法:倍数+the+名词(size/length...)+of。 3.were　考查动词的时态。根据句子结构可知,此处是that引导的定语从句。根据空格前的先行词areas及空格后面的previously unprotected 可知,此处填were,构成一般过去时的被动语态。 4.to increase　考查动词的非谓语形式。根据句意可知,把很多现存的大熊猫保护区统一管理起来是为了提高效率和减少不一致的管理。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。 5.is designed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本句表述事实,故用一般现在时;此处与主语构成被动关系,表示“大熊猫国家公园被设计来反映……的指导原则”,故用被动语态;主语The GPNP为第三人称单数,故填is designed。 6.and　考查并列连词。leaving behind...与protecting the authenticity...、preserving biological...、protecting ecological...是顺承关系,作of的宾语。 7.populations　考查名词。根据空格后的and homes可知,此处需要填名词复数形式。 8.eventually　考查副词。设空处修饰achieve,用副词形式。 9.as　考查固定搭配。serve as 充当,担当。 10.that　考查定语从句。从句中缺主语,先行词是the species,且先行词前有all修饰,关系词用that。 Passage 4 (2022新高考Ⅱ) 话题:优秀品行 　　Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth⁃floor apartment balcony(阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2⁃metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the 1.　　　　　　(fall) child.  Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. 2.　　　　　　 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell 3.　　　　　　(sleep) while watching TV.  Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up 4.　　　　　　(see) them. When he looked down, he 5.　　　　　　(accidental) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes 6.　　　　　　 screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.  Henry 7.　　　　　　(fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly 8.　　　　　　(throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.  “He saved my 9.　　　　　　(son) life,” said Mrs. Brown. “I don't know 10.　　　　　　 to thank him.”  “I just didn't want the boy to be hurt,” said Henry. 答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。文章讲述了一位叫Henry的小伙子勇敢、及时地救下从阳台跌落的孩子的事迹。 1.falling　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处为现在分词作定语,表示“正在跌落的孩子”,因此用falling。 2.The　考查冠词。The Brown family表示“布朗一家”,故用定冠词The。 3.asleep　考查词性转换。动词转换为形容词。设空处与fell(fall)构成固定搭配fall asleep,意为“睡着,入睡”。 4.to see　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处为不定式作状语。前面一系列动作的目的是“看见”,因此填to see。 5.accidentally　考查词性转换。形容词转换为副词。Eric本想向外看,却“意外地”滑落,此处用副词修饰动词,填accidentally。 6.and　考查连词。本句中hung on与screamed是两个顺承的动作,故填并列连词and。 7.was fixing　考查动词时态和主谓一致。be doing...when 表示一个动作正在进行,这时另一个动作突然发生。语境为Henry正在修车,这时他突然听到尖叫声。全文整体时态为过去时态且主语为第三人称单数,故填was fixing。 8.threw　考查动词时态。本句体现救人的动作。设空处与and后面的started并列,作本句的谓语。全文整体时态为过去时态,故填过去式threw。 9.son's　考查名词所有格。他救了“我”儿子的性命。save one's life为固定短语,意为“挽救某人的生命”。故填所有格son's。 10.how　考查与不定式连用的疑问词。设空处与后面的不定式构成固定结构,在本句中作know的宾语,意为“不知道如何感谢他”,因此填how。 Passage 5 (2021全国甲) 话题:文化遗产 　　The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 1.　　　　　　(build) originally to protect the city 2.　　　　　　 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复). It is possible 3.　　　　　　(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.  We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. After 4.　　　　　　(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 5.　　　　　　(good) than to ride on a piece of history!  We 6.　　　　　　(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 7.　　　　　　 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 8.　　　　　　 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9.　　　　　　 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10.　　　　　　(day) routines.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。作者主要以游客在西安城墙骑行的角度介绍了西安城墙。 1.was built　考查动词的时态和语态。此处表示“它被建造”。主语it与build为被动关系;再根据the Tang dynasty可知设空处需用一般过去时,故填一般过去时的被动语态(was built)。 2.in　考查介词。关注设空处的句法功能。设空处与后面的“the Tang dynasty”构成介词短语,意为“在唐朝”,故填介词in。 3.to walk　考查动词的非谓语形式。It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.为固定句式,故填to walk。 4.spending　考查动词的非谓语形式。此处表示“在花了一些时间看了城墙所有的防御设施后,我们决定该采取一些行动了”。设空处作介词after的宾语且主语we与spend为逻辑上的主动关系,故填动名词spending。 5.better　考查形容词。此处表示“有什么比在历史遗迹上骑行更好呢”。根据设空处后的“than”可知应在设空处填形容词的比较级形式(better)。 6.hired　考查动词的时态。句意:我们在南城门租车处租了自行车。根据后句My bike was old...中的was可知设空处需用一般过去时,故填hired。 7.but　考查连词。句意:我的自行车又旧又晃,但是还能工作。设空处前后为转折关系,故填连词but。 8.the　考查冠词。句意:我们一路环绕西安城墙花费了约3个小时。all the way为固定短语,意为:一路上。故填the。 9.watchtowers　考查名词复数。句意:据说你花2个小时就能游完,但是我们在不同的门、瞭望塔前停下来照相,或只是看当地人做他们的日常事务。根据and前的different gates可知设空处需填名词复数watchtowers。 10.daily　考查形容词。设空处作routines的定语,需用形容词形式,故填daily。 Passage 6 (2021全国乙) 话题:自然环境保护 　　Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1.　　　　　　(educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2.　　　　　　(develop)of the local areas.  Ecotourism has 3.　　　　　　(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 4.　　　　　　 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.  Due to 5.　　　　　　 growing popularity of environmentally⁃related and adventure travel, various types 6.　　　　　　 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco⁃friendly trip must meet the following principles:  ●Minimize the impact of 7.　　　　　　(visit) the place.  ●Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. ●Provide 8.　　　　　　(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.  ●Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 9.　　　　　　(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足) and accommodations aim 10.　　　　　　(have)a low impact on the natural environment.  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章讲述了生态旅游的情况。 1.educated　考查形容词。句意:它不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理条件还是文化特色方面,而且经常为保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”。 2.development　考查名词。设空处前面是冠词the,后面是介词of,且该短语作动词benefits的宾语,因此需填develop的名词形式(development)。 3.its　考查代词。句意: 生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。设空处修饰名词,要用形容词性物主代词,因此使用it的形容词性物主代词形式(its)。 4.until　考查介词。句意:直到20世纪80年代末,作为一种旅游理念,它才被广泛接受。“not...until...”为固定结构,意为“直到……才……”。因此填until。 5.the　考查冠词。句意:由于与环境相关的旅行和冒险旅行越来越受欢迎,现在各种类型的旅行正被归类为生态旅游。设空处后的growing popularity在本句中表示特指,因此使用定冠词the。 6.of　考查介词。此处用of表所属关系,various types of为固定结构,意为“各种类型的……”。 7.visiting　考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:尽量减少参观这个地方带来的影响。设空处作介词of的宾语,因此使用visit的动名词形式(visiting)。 8.financial　考查形容词。句意:为当地人提供财政援助和其他好处。设空处修饰名词aid,需用形容词,因此使用finance的形容词形式(financial)。 9.Activities　考查名词复数。句意:那里包含从观赏鲸鱼到远足的活动,膳宿力求对自然环境产生很低的影响。谓语动词range用的是复数形式,所以主语activity需用复数形式,因此使用activities。 10.to have　考查动词的非谓语形式。aim to do sth.力求做某事,因此使用不定式形式(to have)。 Passage 7 (2021新高考Ⅰ) 话题:人与环境 　　Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song “The Long and Winding Road”. 1.　　　　　　 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out⁃of⁃this⁃world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 2.　　　　　　(human)are.  The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 3.　　　　　　(undoubted)help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 4.　　　　　　(hot) the spring! Strange, isn't it? But that's how nature is—always leaving us 5.　　　　　　(astonish).  What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 6.　　　　　　(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 7.　　　　　　 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 8.　　　　　　(ache)legs.  As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 9.　　　　　　(I). While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 10.　　　　　　 must to visit!  答案　 [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。作者主要描述了自己游览黄山的经历。 1.What　本题考查名词性从句。句意:这次经历的激动人心之处在于这极美的景色。“　　　 is so breathtaking about the experience”为主语从句,该从句中缺少主语,且设空处表示“事物”,故填What。  2.humans　本题考查名词的“数”。句意:一旦你站在山顶上,你看到的滚滚云海会提醒你,我们人类是多么渺小。设空处作“we”的同位语,且设空处后的谓语动词是“are”,由此可知,设空处需填名词复数形式,故填humans。 3.undoubtedly　本题考查副词。句意:毫无疑问,它会帮助你恢复精力!设空处作状语,需用副词形式,故填undoubtedly。 4.hotter　本题考查形容词。句意:这个温泉的神奇之处在于(周围环境的)温度越低,这个温泉的温度就越高!根据本句中的“the colder the temperature gets”可知在设空处填hotter。 5.astonished　本题考查动词的非谓语形式作宾补。句意:但是大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。设空处作宾补,意为:感到惊讶的,故填astonished。 6.was　本题考查时态。句意:你会不禁想到当时的人们把那些石头铺好是多么困难。根据本句中的“for the people then to put all those rocks into place”可推知设空处介绍的是过去的情况,需用一般过去时,故填was。 7.and　本题考查连词。句意:虽然这是你在上山路上见到的唯一非自然景观,但它仍然是整个险途中的亮点,并给(由于爬山)腿疼的旅客提供了一个歇脚的地方。设空处前后的谓语动词“highlights”与“offers”为递进关系,故填并列连词and。 8.aching　本题考查动词的非谓语形式作定语。设空处作定语,修饰legs。被修饰词legs与ache为逻辑上的主动关系,故填现在分词aching。 9.mine　本题考查代词。句意:正如歌中所唱,这条漫长并曲折的道路“永远不会消失”,它将永远留在游客的记忆中。它肯定会留在“我”的记忆中。设空处填mine代替my memory。 10.a　本题考查冠词。句意:当你在中国的时候,黄山是一定要去参观的!设空处后的