1_4. 专题检测WORD.docx

北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2024版《5年高考3年模拟》A版 题型四　语法填空 Passage 1 (2022重庆第一次联合诊断) 　　Students in first and second grades should have no written exams while students in other grades at primary schools should only have one final exam every semester,　1　 Ministry of Education said on Monday.  In a notice aimed at reducing the excessive academic workload of primary and middle school students, the ministry said middle schools will be allowed 　2　(organize) one test in the middle of the semester and one at the end.   Some schools give too many tests that 　3　(be) too difficult. As a result, students have to frequently study hard,　4　 (lead) to an exam⁃oriented education and a heavy academic burden, the ministry said, adding that the practice has harmed 　5　(student) psychological and physical health and must be rectified. Local education 　6　 (authority) should not organize regional or interscholastic exams, and schools and classes should not organize weekly or monthly tests, the notice said.  In addition, schools should 　7　(strict) regulate the content of their final exams and make sure the difficulty does not go beyond the national syllabus (教学大纲). The exam questions should focus on basic knowledge and skills, 　8　 the number of questions focusing on rote (死记硬背) learning should 　9　(reduce), the notice said. Moreover, the exam results should be divided 　10　four or five grades, without giving specific scores, the notice added.  1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　  答案 [语篇解读] 语篇类型:说明文。 主题语境:人与社会。主旨:教育部实施减轻中小学生负担的举措以及背后的原因。 1.the　考查冠词。句意:教育部周一表示,小学一、二年级学生不应进行笔试,小学其他年级学生每学期只应考一次期末考试。由普通名词构成的专有名词前需加定冠词,此处为“教育部”(the Ministry of Education),故填the。 2.to organize　考查非谓语动词。句意:教育部在一份旨在减轻中小学生过重学习负担的通知中表示,中学可以在学期中和学期末分别组织一次考试。be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事。 3.are　考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:有些学校组织了太多过难的考试。陈述现在的情况,用一般现在时。that引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,指代先行词tests,所以从句谓语用复数形式。 4.leading　考查非谓语动词。此处表示:结果,学生不得不高强度学习,导致了应试教育和沉重的学习负担。此处用现在分词作结果状语,前面是行为,后面是促成的结果(应试教育和沉重的学习负担)。 5.students'　考查名词的数和所有格。此处表示:这种做法损害了学生的身心健康,必须加以纠正。分析句意可知,这种做法损害的是万千学生的身心健康,应用可数名词student的复数形式,又由于语境是“学生的”,故使用名词所有格。 6.authorities　考查名词的数。此处表示:地方教育主管部门不得组织地区性和校际考试。authority(官方,当局)是可数名词,且前面没有冠词,应用复数。 7.strictly　考查副词。句意:此外,学校应该严格管控期末考试的内容,确保难度不超过国家教学大纲。修饰动词regulate应用副词strictly作状语。 8.and/while　考查连词。此处表示:考试题目要集中在基础知识和技能上,同时减少死记硬背的题目数量。上下文为并列或对比关系,应用连词and或while。 9.be reduced　考查被动语态。此处表示:考试题目要集中在基础知识和技能上,同时减少死记硬背的题目数量。分析句子结构可知,主语the number of questions与reduce之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且情态动词should后接动词原形。 10.into　考查介词。此处表示:而且,考试成绩不需要给出具体的分数,应该分为4或5个等级。be divided into被分为……。 Passage 2 (2022辽宁名校联盟3月联考) 　　Seeing is believing. US photographer and traveler Peter Crosby knows it better than anyone, starting his second bike journey of over 3,000 kilometers across China 27 years after his first 　1　(explore) in 1994. A documentary series Peter Crosby's Biketour to China, 　2　 has been aired on streaming media platform Xigua Video on September 29, follows his tour, 　3　(witness) the significant changes and development taking place in China in the last nearly three decades.  In 1994, he took an over 3,000⁃kilometer bike ride from Beijing to Hong Kong, through 　4　(province) including Shanxi, Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong, during which he took 19,400 photos and an 80⁃hour⁃long video.  It had been a dream for him to go back to China for a second trip, which he was waiting　5　until 2021. From Beijing Film Academy to Shaolin Temple in central China's Henan Province, he revisited these sites and 　6　 (reunite) with some old friends.   The documentary series also includes the old videos that Crosby took in 　7　 1990s allowing more people 　8　(see) the changes taking place. The series not only presents the dream of Peter Crosby, but also brings international audiences a chance to 　9　(true) know China and the great changes.  　　The series　10　(receive) very well among Chinese audiences so far, who hope that international audiences can also get to know China through Peter Crosby's story.  1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　  答案 [语篇解读] 语篇类型:说明文。 主题语境:人与社会。 主旨:美国摄影师彼得·克罗斯比在27年后重游中国,他的旅行被拍成了纪录片,展示了中国多年的发展与变化。 1.exploration　考查名词。句意:美国摄影师、旅行家彼得·克罗斯比比任何人都更了解这一点,在1994年首次探索的27年后,他开始了他第二次穿越中国的自行车旅行,行程超过3,000公里。his first后用名词形式。 2.which　考查定语从句。句意:9月29日,《骑行中国》系列纪录片在流媒体平台西瓜视频上播出,跟随他的旅行,见证了中国近三十年来发生的重大变化和发展。此处为非限制性定语从句,which在从句中作主语,指代前文的 A documentary series Peter Crosby's Biketour to China。 3.witnessing　考查非谓语动词。witness与其逻辑主语A documentary series是主动关系,所以用现在分词作伴随状语。 4.provinces　考查名词的数。句意:1994年,他骑自行车从北京到香港,行程超过3,000公里,途经山西、湖北、湖南和广东等省份,期间他拍摄了19,400张照片和长80个小时的视频。根据 including Shanxi,Hubei,Hunan and Guangdong可知province应该为复数。 5.for　考查介词。句意:回到中国再进行一次旅行是他的梦想,他一直等待到2021年。wait for等待。 6.reunited　考查动词时态。句意:从北京电影学院到中国中部河南省的少林寺,他再次访问了这些地方,并与一些老朋友团聚。根据并列谓语revisited可知,此处应该用一般过去时态。 7.the　考查冠词。句意:该系列纪录片还包括克罗斯比在20世纪90年代拍摄的老视频,让更多的人看到正在发生的变化。in the 1990s意为“在20世纪90年代”。 8.to see　考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。 9.truly　考查副词。句意:系列片不仅呈现了彼得·克罗斯比的梦想,也为国际观众带来了一个真正了解中国和中国巨大变化的机会。此处修饰动词know,应使用副词形式。 10.has been received　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,这部系列片在中国观众中反响很好,他们希望国际观众也能通过彼得·克罗斯比的故事来了解中国。根据so far及语境可知谓语动词用现在完成时,主语The series为单数,和动词receive构成被动关系,故填has been received。 Passage 3 (2022海南高考全真模拟卷三) 　　Beverly Cleary was the best⁃selling and award⁃winning author of dozens of books for children,　1　writing changed the world of children's books by showing that stories about the lives of ordinary 　2　 (kid) could be interesting and popular.  　　As a child, she had trouble learning to read. Even after she learned to love reading, she still 　3　(find) many books boring. She wanted to read funny books about children like herself.   When she grew up, she set out 　4　(write) stories. Ms. Cleary worked hard to get children hooked on reading. When her son didn't show much interest 　5　 books, she wrote The Mouse and the Motorcycle. The book tells the exciting story of 　6　 motorcycle⁃riding mouse and his friendship with a young boy. The book was a hit, and led to two more books 　7　 (star) Ralph S. Mouse.   But that sort of fantasy was unusual for Ms. Cleary, who 　8　(usual) focused on real life, even when it involved serious problems.  Ms. Cleary kept writing until she was 83 and won almost every award for children's books, 　9　(include) the Newbery Medal and the National Book Award. Though Ms. Cleary is no longer with us, her characters and stories 　10　 (love) and shared for years to come.  1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　  答案 [语篇解读] 语篇类型:记叙文。主题语境:人与社会。 主旨:著名儿童书籍作家贝芙莉·克莱瑞的介绍。 1.whose　考查定语从句。此处表示:贝芙莉·克莱瑞是儿童书籍作家,她的作品改变了儿童书籍的世界,证明了关于普通儿童生活的故事也可以是有趣而又受欢迎的。空处在从句中作定语,修饰名词writing,意思是“贝芙莉·克莱瑞的作品”,应使用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导该定语从句。 2.kids 　考查名词复数。根据句意可知,此处泛指所有普通小孩的生活,名词kid(小孩)应用复数形式。 3.found 　考查动词时态。句意:即使在她学会喜欢阅读之后,她仍然觉得很多书很无聊。根据句意可知,句子描述的是过去的情况,应该用一般过去时。 4.to write 　考查非谓语动词。句意:长大后,她开始写故事。set out to do sth.开始做某事。 5.in 　考查介词。句意:当她的儿子对书没怎么表现出兴趣时,她写了《老鼠和摩托车》。固定搭配show interest in对……表现出兴趣。 6.a 　考查冠词。句意:这本书讲述了一只骑摩托车的老鼠和它跟一个小男孩的友谊的激动人心的故事。此处表示“一只老鼠”,为泛指,mouse为可数名词,前面应使用不定冠词; motorcycle⁃riding发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。 7.starring 　考查非谓语动词。句意:这本书大获成功,之后又有两本书以Ralph S. Mouse为主角。设空处作后置定语修饰名词books,二者构成主动关系,故填starring。 8.usually　考查副词。修饰focused on应用副词形式usually。 9.including 　考查介词。句意:克莱瑞一直写作到83岁,几乎获得了所有儿童图书奖,包括纽伯瑞奖和美国国家图书奖。根据句意可知,此处是指奖项包括the Newbery Medal和the National Book Award,故填介词including。 10.will be loved 　考查动词时态和语态。句意:虽然克莱瑞女士已经离开了我们,但在未来的岁月里,她笔下的人物和故事仍将会为大家所喜爱和分享。动词love与主语her characters and stories之间构成被动关系。句中有时间状语for years to come,应使用一般将来时的被动语态。 Passage 4 (2022山东德州4月联合质量测评) 　　Selah Schneiter, ten, has become one of the youngest people　1　(climb) El Capitan, in Yosemite National Park, in California. Selah climbed to 　2　3,000⁃foot peak with her father, Mike, and family friend Mark.  Getting to the top of El Capitan is no easy task. It is 　3　(tall), as is reported, than the tallest building in the world—Dubai's Burj Khalifa. Though some have died 　4　 an attempt to conquer (征服) Dubai's Burj Khalifa, many more 　5　(include) Selah's parents have finished the journey. About 15 years ago, Selah's father and mother 　6　(meet) on a climbing trip up the mountain.  Selah thought reaching the top was a great challenge, but the hardest part was getting down. “You're carrying everything, and you're 　7　(deep) tired,” she said. Since the park does not keep those kinds of 　8　(record), it's unclear if Selah is the youngest climber who makes the trip. Selah lives in a family 　9　 everyone loves to climb. They even have a climbing wall in the garage. “I'm so 　10　(pride) of her, just to see how big her heart was and how strong she was,” her dad told reporters.  1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　  答案 [语篇解读] 语篇类型:新闻报道。主题语境:人与社会。主旨:10岁的Selah Schneiter成为在加利福尼亚州约塞米蒂国家公园登上酋长巨石顶部的最年轻的人之一。 1.to climb 　考查非谓语动词。句意:10岁的Selah Schneiter已经成为在加利福尼亚州约塞米蒂国家公园登上酋长巨石顶部的最年轻的人之一。people由最高级the youngest修饰,其后要用不定式作定语。 2.the 　考查冠词。句意:Selah和她的父亲Mike以及家人的朋友Mark一起爬上了3000英尺高的顶端。此处表特指,故用定冠词the。 3.taller 　考查形容词比较级。根据本句中的“than the tallest building in the world”可知,这里应用形容词tall的比较级。 4.in 　考查介词。句意:虽然有些人在征服迪拜哈利法塔的尝试中死去,但包括Selah的父母在内的更多的人已经完成了这次旅行。in an attempt to do sth. 在做某事的尝试中。 5.including　考查介词。表示“包括……在内”应用介词including。 6.met 　考查动词时态。根据空前的“About 15 years ago”可知,空处动词表示的动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时。 7.deeply 　考查副词。此处表示:你拿着所有的东西,而且你非常累。修饰形容词tired应用副词deeply,表示“非常”;deep作副词,意为“在深处”,不符合语境。 8.records 　考查名词的数。句意:由于该公园没有保存这类记录,所以尚不清楚Selah是否是完成这次旅行的最年轻的攀登者。record为可数名词,由those kinds of修饰,应用其复数形式。 9.where 　考查定语从句。句意:Selah生活在一个人人都喜欢登山的家庭。此处为定语从句,修饰先行词a family,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where引导该从句。 10.proud 　考查形容词。句意:她的父亲告诉记者:“看到她有那么宽广的心胸、那么强壮,我为她感到非常骄傲。”be proud of 为……感到骄傲。 Passage 5 (2022福建4月诊断性测试) 　　Celebrating Chinese New Year overseas is a completely different experience. Chinese New Year was 　1　 of the things I missed most about Singapore—the reunion of family 　2　(member) whom we hadn't seen for the last 364 days, the exchanging of gifts, the various colours and sounds that we so 　3　(close) connect with this festival.  This year, I helped my mother hang up an attractive 　4　(decorate) of a giant dragon along the staircase. We wiped down the entire house together—the kitchen, the living room, light fittings, etc. Aunts, uncles, cousins came around, 　5　 (enjoy) a massive meal and lazed in front of the TV for a couple of hours while the Chinese New Year variety shows were playing. We visited the temple on New Year's morning to pay respects 　6　 our ancestors. We worked very hard in the weeks 　7　 (lead) up to the event.  This morning, a 　8　(cheer) lion dance troupe (剧团) moved slowly past my local wet market. Old folks and their grandchildren stuck out their heads from windows, 　9　 (watch) the performance. It is this community spirit 　10　 makes Chinese New Year what it is.  1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　  答案 [语篇解读] 语篇类型:记叙文。 主题语境:人与社会。 主旨:作者在今年中国农历新年的庆祝活动。 1.one　考查代词。此处表示:春节是我对新加坡最怀念的事情之一。根据句意可知此处用“one of+可数名词复数”表示“……之一”。 2.members　考查名词的数。 此处泛指多个家庭成员,用可数名词复数形式。 3.closely　考查副词。修饰动词connect用副词,表示“紧密地”。 4.decoration　考查名词。句意:今年,我帮妈妈在楼梯上挂了一条吸引人的巨龙装饰。空前的不定冠词an表明此处用可数名词单数作宾语。 5.enjoyed　考查动词时态。根据came around 和lazed 可知,and连接三个过去的动作并列作谓语。 6.to　考查介词。此处表示:我们在大年初一的早晨去寺庙祭拜祖先。pay respects to 向……表示敬意,祭拜。 7.leading　考查非谓语动词。此处表示:我们在活动前的几周就开始努力做准备。此处用现在分词作后置定语,故填leading。 8.cheerful　考查形容词。句意:今天早上,一个欢快的舞狮团缓缓路过我当地的菜市场。此处用形容词修饰名词短语lion dance troupe。 9.watching　考查非谓语动词。句意:老人和他们的孙辈们从窗户伸出头来观看演出。Old folks and their grandchildren与watch之间是逻辑上的主动关系,用现在分词作伴随状语。 10.that　考查特殊句式。句意:正是这种社区精神造就了如今的中国新年。去掉It is和空处,句子成分仍然完整,因此此处为强调句型:it is+被强调部分+that+其余部分,本句强调的是主语this community spirit,故填that。 Passage 6 (2022湖南学业质量第二次联合检测) 　　Wherever you go in Xinjiang, whether the north or south of the Tianshan Mountains, you'll notice small stands 　1　 some crispy and delicious nang is sold. The reason 　2　 this traditional flatbread happens to be popular among the ethnic groups here lies in its being easy to bake, store and transport.  While round and 　3　(primary) made of flour, nang can vary in different ways. The largest nang, 　4　 (refer) to as “emanke”, is as big as the wheel of a car, with more people 　5　(bake) the bread in environmentally⁃friendly ovens now.  The Xinjiang nang industry has played 　6　 key role in poverty alleviation(减贫) too, aiming to create a more innovative and 　7　(power) mode of industrial development. Nang cultural industrial parks 　8　 (build) so far in many cities. Among them, the Aksu park stands out as a unique example of the 　9　 (combine) of production, sales and tourism. The park uses social media, online and offline stores, and also live streaming to promote 　10　 (it) products, expanding business across and outside China.  1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　  答案 [语篇解读] 语篇类型:说明文。主题语境:人与社会。 主旨:新疆特色食品馕和其产业化发展现状。 1.where　考查定语从句。句意:在新疆,无论你走到哪里,无论是在天山的北边还是南边,你都会看到一些卖酥脆可口的馕的小摊。空格处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词stands,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,表示“在这些小摊上”,应使用关系副词where。 2.why　考查定语从句。此处表示:这种传统的大饼之所以能在这里流行,是因为它易于烘烤、储存和运输。空格处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词reason,关系词在定语从句中作原因状语,应使用关系副词why。 3.primarily　考查副词。句意:虽然馕是圆的,主要由面粉制成,但也不尽相同。根据句意可知,空格处修饰动词made,应用副词primarily,意为“主要”。 4.referred　考查非谓语动词。句意:最大的馕,被称为emanke,和轿车的车轮一样大,现在更多的人用环保的烤箱烤。空格处作后置定语修饰名词nang,与其逻辑主语nang之间是被动关系,表示“被称为”,所以应用过去分词表示被动。 5.baking　考查非谓语动词。空格处在句中作宾语补足语,与其逻辑主语people之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作补足语。 6.a　考查冠词。句意:新疆的馕产业也在减贫中发挥了关键作用,旨在创造一个更具创新性和更强大的产业发展模式。play a role in在……中起作用。 7.powerful　考查形容词。根据句意可知,空格处作定语修饰名词mode,应用形容词powerful,意为“强大的”。 8.have been built　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:迄今为止,许多城市都建起了馕文化产业园。空格处是句中谓语动词,与主语Nang cultural industrial parks之间是被动关系。由时间状语so far可知,应使用现在完成时态。又因主语是复数,所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。故填have been built。 bination　考查名词。句意:其中,阿克苏产业园是生产、销售和旅游结合的独特典范。根据句意和空格前的定冠词the可知,应使用名词作宾语,意为“结合”。 10.its　考查代词。句意:该产业园利用社交媒体、线上和线下商店以及直播来推广其产品,将业务扩展到中国各地和海外。空格处作定语修饰名词products,应用形容词性物主代词its。 Passage 7 (2021福建福州一中下学期开学质检) 　　According to a study published in the UK recently, those　1　like jogging and do this kind of exercise 　2　(regular) for at least one hour a week have very high chances of living a longer life. The study's Danish researchers are　3　 (convince) that choosing this kind of physical activity can reward us 　4　 5 to 6 more years of life! Moreover, to achieve better results, the researchers suggest 　5　(limit) yourself to gentle jogging rather than fast and tiring running. They found that the 　6　 (benefit) of jogging are maximized when done at 　7　average or even slow pace, and just one or two hours of jogging a week can be enough for you to gain success, regardless of your age or　8　(healthy) condition.  The scientists analyzed the data on about 20,000 people aged between 20 and 93,　9　(collect) for over 35 years. According to Dr. Peter Schnohr, the leader researcher, jogging is associated with as much as a 44 percent 　10　(low) risk of death. The life expectancy increase in men is as much as 6.2 years, and for women it is as much as 5.6 years.  1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　   6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　  答案 [语篇解读] 语篇类型:说明文。 主题语境:人与自我。 主旨:研究表明喜欢慢跑并且每周至少慢跑一小时的人更可能长寿。 1.who　考查定