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北京市
海淀区
2016
20.
HIV
感染
影响
因素
分析
王雪梅
中国国境卫生检疫杂志2023年2月第46卷第1期Chinese Frontier Health Quarantine Feb.2023,Vol 46,No.1Analysis of influencing factors of HIV infection among male STDsoutpatients in Haidian District,Beijing from 2016 to 2020WANG Xuemei,SHEN Yuefeng,ZHAO Fengxia,MIAO LiboSTD/AIDS Prevention and Treatment Department,Haidian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100094,ChinaAbstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of demographic and behavioral characteristics on HIV infection amongmale sexual transmitted diseases(STDs)outpatients in Haidian District,Beijing,and to provide a scientific basis fortargeted monitoring and intervention.MethodsAccording to the national AIDS sentinel surveillance questionnaire,male STD outpatients in Haidian District from 2016 to 2020 were surveyed by questionnaire,HIV test and statisticalanalyszed.ResultsA total of 1 011 patients were investigated,and the knowledge rate of AIDS was 93.27%.10.58%had sex with prostitutes in the last 3 months,24.23%had sex with temporary partners in the last 3 months.Theproportion of having anal sex with the same sex was 11.37%.The proportion of those who had been diagnosed withSTDs in the last year was 3.26%.Multivariate analysis showed that HIV infection rate of those who had sex withprostitutes in recent 3 months was higher than that of those who did not(OR=50.594,95%CI:1.871-1368.124,P=0.020).HIV infection rate was higher in those who had sex with temporary partners in recent 3 months than in those whodid not(OR=817.416,95%CI:5.251-127 234.308,P=0.009).The HIV infection rate of those who had homosexual analsex was higher than that of those who had not(OR=150.499,95%CI:7.349-3 082.137,P=0.001).The HIV infectionrate of patients diagnosed with STDs was higher than that of those not diagnosed in the last year(OR=205.811,95%CI:6.098-6 946.623,P=0.003).ConclusionThe risk factors of HIV infection were having sex with prostitute and ortemporary partner in the last 3 months,having homosexual anal sex,and had been diagnosed as STDs in the lastyear.It should continuely to promote standardized STDs diagnosis and treatment services,carry out STD preventionhealth education and behavioral intervention.疾病监测北京市海淀区 20162020 年性病门诊男性就诊者HIV 感染的影响因素分析王雪梅,申跃峰,赵凤霞,苗立波北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,北京100094摘要:目的了解北京市海淀区性病门诊男性就诊者人口学和行为特征对HIV感染的影响,为开展有针对性的监测和干预工作提供科学依据。方法按照全国艾滋病哨点监测问卷,对海淀区20162020年性病门诊男性就诊者进行问卷调查、HIV检测及统计分析。结果共调查1 011名就诊者,艾滋病知识知晓率为93.27%;最近3个月与暗娼发生过性行为的比例为10.58%;最近3个月与临时性伴发生性行为的比例为24.23%;与同性发生过肛交的比例为11.37%;最近1年曾被诊断为性病的比例为3.26%。多因素分析显示,最近3个月与暗娼发生性行为者HIV感染率高于未发生者(OR=50.594,95%CI:1.8711 368.124,P=0.020);最近3个月与临时性伴发生性行为者HIV感染率高于未发生者(OR=817.416,95%CI:5.251127 234.308,P=0.009);发生过同性肛交性行为者HIV感染率高于未发生者(OR=150.499,95%CI:7.3493 082.137,P=0.001);最近1年诊断为性病者HIV感染率高于未诊断者(OR=205.811,95%CI:6.0986 946.623,P=0.003)。结论最近3个月与暗娼、临时性伴发生性行为、发生同性肛交性行为及最近1年被诊断为性病是海淀区性病门诊男性就诊者HIV感染的危险因素,应继续推广规范化性病诊疗,深入开展预防性病健康教育与行为干预。关键词:性病;艾滋病病毒;艾滋病;性行为中图分类号:R512.91;R759文献标识码:ADOI:10.16408/j.1004-9770.2023.01.019通信作者:王雪梅,E-mail:83中国国境卫生检疫杂志2023年2月第46卷第1期Chinese Frontier Health Quarantine Feb.2023,Vol 46,No.1自1981年人类发现首例艾滋病病例以来,艾滋病成为威胁人类生命健康的三大杀手之一1。性接触传播近年来已成为我国艾滋病病毒(HIV)最主要的传播方式,性病门诊是艾滋病防治高危人群的场所之一2。为掌握北京市海淀区性病门诊男性就诊者HIV的感染率及相关影响因素,为科学有效的干预措施进一步提供依据,对20162020年海淀区性病门诊男性就诊者监测结果进行分析。1材料与方法1.1调查对象20162020年首次在北京市海淀医院性病门诊就诊且年龄15岁的男性就诊者。1.2方法1.2.1问卷调查采用全国艾滋病哨点监测方案中“性病门诊(男性)就诊者调查问卷”,在就诊者充分知情同意的基础上,由经过培训的医生对符合要求的调查对象开展一对一问卷调查和血清学检测。问卷内容包括基本情况、艾滋病知识知晓情况、行为特征、艾滋病检测情况等7个条目,其中艾滋病知识知晓情况下设8个题目,答对6个及以上为知晓。1.2.2血清学检测对参与调查的就诊者采集静脉血,用世界卫生组织推荐的酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测两次HIV抗体,两次使用不同厂家的试剂初筛,分别为北京万泰生物和珠海丽珠试剂。初筛阳性标本用蛋白印迹法确证,确证试剂为新加坡MP生物医学亚太有限公司的HIV抗体免疫印迹试剂。确证试验阳性者即判定为HIV阳性。1.3统计分析采用EpiData 3.0软件录入问卷,用SPSS 23.0软件对数据进行统计分析,计数资料比较采用卡方检验。以单因素分析差异有统计学意义的因素作为自变量,采用多元Logistic回归模型分析就诊者HIV感染情况及其影响因素,P0.05为差异有统计学意义。2结果2.1基本特征20162020年累计调查1 011人,年龄2039岁的占84.37%,50岁以上占4.06%;未婚/离异或丧偶占48.86%,在婚/同居的占51.14%;本市户籍占70.52%。经卡方检验,婚姻状况、户籍所在地差异有统计学意义(2=25.321,52.488,P0.001),年龄差异无统计学意义(2=17.983,P=0.325)。见表1。2.2行为特征调查的1 011人中,20162020年艾滋病知识知晓率分别为91.50%、89.50%、97.51%、91.00%、96.67%,逐年升高(2趋 势=4.627,P=0.031)。与同性发生肛交的比例分别为21.00%、10.50%、3.48%、15.00%、7.14%,逐年降低(2趋 势=10.859,P0.05。见表1。Keywords:Sexual transmitted diseases;HIV;AIDS;Sexual behaviour表120162020年海淀区性病门诊男性就诊者人口学及行为特征n(%)Tab.1Demographic and behavioral characteristics of male STD clinic clients in Haidian District,2016-2020特征Characterics2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年合计Total年龄(岁)153(1.50)3(1.50)3(1.49)4(2.00)5(2.38)18(1.78)20102(51.00)112(56.00)102(50.75)107(53.50)92(43.81)515(50.94)3057(28.50)60(30.00)70(34.83)68(34.00)83(39.52)338(33.43)4028(14.00)19(9.50)17(8.46)17(8.50)18(8.57)99(9.79)5010(5.00)6(3.00)9(4.48)4(2.00)12(5.71)41(4.06)户籍所在地北京133(66.50)119(59.50)140(69.65)158(79.00)163(77.62)713(70.52)外省市67(33.50)81(40.50)61(30.35)42(21.00)47(22.38)298(29.48)婚姻状况未婚/离异或丧偶67(33.50)73(36.50)122(60.70)116(58.00)116(55.24)494(48.86)在婚/同居133(66.50)127(63.50)79(39.30)84(42.00)94(44.76)517(51.14)艾滋病知晓率不知晓17(8.50)21(10.50)5(2.49)18(9.00)7(3.33)68(6.73)知晓183(91.50)179(89.50)196(97.51)182(91.00)203(96.67)943(93.27)最近3月与暗娼发生性行为84