美国总统办公室-《联邦数据战略行动计划2019—2020》（英文）-2019.6-14页.pdf

DRAFT 2019-2020 Federal Data Strategy Action Plan Co-created by Federal agencies and the public,coordinated,and edited by the Cross-agency Priority Goal:Leveraging Data as a Strategic Asset Federal Data Strategy development team DRAFT 2019-2020 Federal Data Strategy Action Plan Table of Contents INTRODUCTION.4 SHARED ACTIONS:GOVERNMENT-WIDE DATA SERVICES.6 ACTION 1:CREATE AN OMB DATA COUNCIL.6 ACTION 2:DEVELOP A CURATED DATA SCIENCE TRAINING AND CREDENTIALING CATALOG.6 ACTION 3:DEVELOP A DATA ETHICS FRAMEWORK.7 ACTION 4:DEVELOP A DATA PROTECTION TOOLKIT.7 ACTION 5:DEVELOP A REPOSITORY OF FEDERAL DATA STRATEGY RESOURCES AND TOOLS.8 ACTION 6:PILOT A ONE-STOP STANDARD RESEARCH APPLICATION.8 ACTION 7:PILOT AN AUTOMATED INVENTORY TOOL FOR DATA.GOV.9 ACTION 8:PILOT STANDARD DATA CATALOGS FOR DATA.GOV.9 COMMUNITY ACTIONS:CROSS-AGENCY COLLABORATION.10 ACTION 9:IMPROVE DATA RESOURCES FOR AI RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.10 ACTION 10:IMPROVE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT DATA STANDARDS.10 ACTION 11:IMPROVE GEOSPATIAL DATA STANDARDS.11 AGENCY-SPECIFIC ACTIONS:AGENCY ACTIVITIES.11 ACTION 12:CONSTITUTE A DIVERSE DATA GOVERNANCE BODY.11 ACTION 13:ASSESS DATA AND RELATED INFRASTRUCTURE MATURITY.12 ACTION 14:IDENTIFY OPPORTUNITIES TO INCREASE STAFF DATA SKILLS.12 ACTION 15:IDENTIFY DATA NEEDS TO ANSWER KEY AGENCY QUESTIONS.13 ACTION 16:IDENTIFY PRIORITY DATASETS FOR AGENCY OPEN DATA PLANS.14 Input Request:Draft 2019-2020 Federal Data Strategy Action Plan Please provide comment on the scope and content of the 2019-2020 Federal Data Strategy Action Plan.The Federal Data Strategy development team will publish a final version of the 2019-2020 Federal Data Strategy Action Plan in September of 2019.1.Identify additional actions needed to implement the Federal Data Strategy that are not included in this draft Action Plan and explain why.2.Identify additional actions that would align with or complement ongoing Federal data initiatives or the implementation of new legislation,such as the Foundations for Evidence-based Policy Making Act of 2018 and explain why.3.Identify any actions in this draft Action Plan that should be considered for omission and explain why.4.For each action,provide any edits and additional detail to ensure that they accurately and effectively describe needed activities,responsible entities,metrics for assessing progress,and timelines for completion.5.For each action,provide information about the implementation resources necessary to ensure success of these action steps.Find out more about how to provide feedback at Strategy.data.gov.Introduction In June 2019,as a product of the collaborative Cross-Agency Priority Goal:Leveraging Data as a Strategic Asset1,the Office of Management and Budget issued the Federal Data Strategy(hereinafter“Strategy”).2 The Strategy describes a ten-year vision for how the Federal government will accelerate the use of data to support the foundations of democracy,deliver on mission,serve the public,and steward resources while protecting security,privacy and confidentiality.The Strategy is comprised of three components to guide federal data management and use:a mission statement,10 principles that serve as motivational guidelines for the overall Strategy,and a set of 40 practices to guide agencies on how to leverage the value of federal and federally sponsored data.The mission statement,principles,and practices are presented in final form in M-19-18,and additional detail regarding their development can be found at Strategy.data.gov.Executive Branch agencies(hereinafter“agencies”)3 shall implement the Federal Data Strategy by adhering to the requirements of each years annual government-wide Action Plan,which will identify priority action steps for a given year,incrementally build from year to year,and complement as needed requirements of new statute and policy.The priority of the 2019-2020 Federal Data Strategy Action Plan(hereinafter“Action Plan”)is to establish a firm basis of tools,processes,and capacities to leverage data as a strategic asset and align existing efforts.This Action Plan describes the steps that are viewed as fundamental during the first year in order to execute the full breadth of the Federal Data Strategy over time.They are informed by and build upon previous efforts,align with ongoing Federal Government programs and policies,and should complement new statutory requirements.4 By one year after the release of this Action Plan,the Federal Government will have begun to implement the Federal Data Strategy through a set of fundamental actions.Specifically,Designated entities will develop and share government-wide resources and/or tools for implementing the Federal Data Strategy related to governance,ethical data management and use,data protection,workforce training,streamlined access to federal data assets,and the establishment of data inventories and data cataloging.Specific federal communities will improve the management and use of specific data asset portfolios including geospatial data and financial management data.Federal agencies will begin working across silos to determine how they can better support their missions and serve stakeholders by making better use of the Federal Governments full portfolio of data assets.Agencies will be investing in necessary infrastructure improvements,including workforce training and improvements related to data protection and access.As the Federal Government undertakes these actions,there will be benefits to academia,industry,and the public as agencies use data to improve mission and service.The public will be better able to leverage 1 Performance.gov/LeveragingData 2 M-19-18,the Federal Data Strategy.3 Agency as defined in 44 U.S.C.4502.4 Including the Paperwork Reduction Act,the E-Government Act of 2002,the Privacy Act of 1974,the Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002(FISMA),the Confidential Information Protection and Statistical Efficiency Act of 2002(CIPSEA),the Freedom of Information Act,the Information Quality Act,the Federal Records Act,Foundations for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act of 2018,among others.federal data as a strategic asset through actions such as improved data inventories,catalogs,and streamlined application processes for external users to access certain valuable Federal data assets.This Action Plan consists of 16 fundamental action steps.Each action step describes the desired result of successful implementation of the action step,identifies an entity responsible for executing the action,lists related Federal Data Strategy practices,establishes the identified metrics for measuring progress during the first year of implementation,and includes a timeline for completion of the action.Shared action steps,with the exception of Action 1 and 5,have received financial resources as part of the Cross-Agency Priority Goal:Leveraging Data as a Strategic Asset.5 All other action steps are expected to be completed with current agency funding resources.Figure 1.Relationship between the Federal Data Strategy and the 2019-2020 Federal Data Action Plan Figure 1 depicts the Federal Data Strategy,which is comprised of three components:a mission statement,principles and practices,and the Action Plan,designed to implement fundamental aspects of the larger Strategy.The Action Plan includes three categories of actions,described below.Shared actions are led by a single agency or existing council for the benefit of all agencies and with available cross-agency resources.They provide government-wide thought leadership,direction,tools,and/or services for implementing the Federal Data Strategy.Funding is identified to implement each of the identified shared actions through the Presidents Management Agenda.Community actions are taken by a group of agencies around a common topic,usually through an established cross-agency council or other existing coordinating mechanism,and with available cross-agency resources.They represent ongoing,mature,cross-agency priorities that will use the Federal Data Strategy practices and implementation guidance to more quickly and consistently achieve their goals.5 Federal Government Priority Goals(commonly referred to as the Cross-Agency Priority Goals,or CAP Goals)were established by the Government Performance and Results(GPRA)Modernization Act(31 U.S.C.1120)and are set at the beginning of each Presidential term in consultation with Congress.In FY2017 and FY2018,a total of$11.2 million were available each year to support CAP Goal projects under transfer authority provided by Congress.Agency-specific actions are taken by an individual agency and are designed to build capacity using currently available agency resources.They set expectations for progress and success in implementing the practices.By focusing on a handful of specific actions at each level of data management and use,this Action Plan establishes an array of foundational actions designed to align activities and set a firm foundation of tools,processes,and capacity to leverage data as a strategic asset.To support the Federal Data Strategy and this Action Plan,implementation guidance will be routinely updated on Strategy.data.gov.Shared Actions:Government-wide Data Services Action 1:Create an OMB Data Council Action 1:Create an OMB Data Council By November 2019,the Office of Management and Budget will establish a cross-office Data Council that will coordinate across statutory offices on information policy development and implementation activities and provide guidance on government-wide data standards and improvements required by statute,such as the Digital Accountability and Transparency Act,the Foundations for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act(hereinafter“Evidence Act”),and the Geospatial Data Act.The OMB Data Council will also provide to agencies a coordinated voice(or response)and common guidance regarding the implementation of the Federal Data Strategy.OMBs efforts to ensure relevant participants are engaged in data governance will be a model for individual agencies.The OMB Data Council will provide a way to address issues that cross agencies and OMBs statutory functions to help inform government-wide management and budget priorities for data management and use.Responsible:Office of Management and Budget Supported practice(s):Prioritize Data Governance Measurement:Internal Data Council established(Y/N)Consistent governance approach developed(Y/N)Timeline:Completed within 3 months Action 2:Develop a Curated Data Science Training and Credentialing Action 2:Develop a Curated Data Science Training and Credentialing CatalogCatalog By February 2020,Federal agencies will have access to a curated catalog of federal and non-federal training offerings in data science,aligned to federal needs.The General Services Administration(GSA),with federal and non-federal stakeholder input,will create an inventory of data science training and credentialing opportunities used by and available to federal agencies.The catalog will relate training and credentialing to career paths,including on-ramps for federal employees at various stages of development and interest and will describe the required education and expertise to advance to the next stage of training.The catalog will provide federal employees with the beginnings of a roadmap for how data science training and credentialing can match their development goals.This Action will work in tandem with Action 14 to ensure agencies have sufficient hiring and reskilling options to leverage data as a strategic asset.This shared action has received financial resources as part of the Cross-Agency Priority Goal:Leveraging Data as a Strategic Asset and a GSA responsible party has been assigned.Responsible:General Services Administration Supported practice(s):Increase Capacity for Data Management and Analysis Measurement:Number of agencies and employees that use the catalog Timeline:Completed within 6 months Action Action 3 3:Develop Develop a Data Ethics Frameworka Data Ethics Framework By November 2019,the Federal Government will have available a consistent framework for evaluating ethical repercussions and tradeoffs associated with data management and use.GSA will work with academia,professional associations,and federal data stakeholders to create a Data Ethics Framework that provides key decision points and considerations for ethical data management and use that go beyond legal requirements and supports the Federal Data Strategy principles.Specifically,GSA will research relevant ethical frameworks for data management and use,will then conduct stakeholder feedback on a draft Data Ethics Framework alongside academic and professional association partners,and finally will publish and promote the Data Ethics Framework for the Federal Government.This framework will build on fitness for use assessments,including potential use in automated technologies,such as Artificial Intelligence(AI).This framework will be updated as needed in future Action Plans.This shared action has received financial resources as part of the Cross-Agency Priority Goal:Leveraging Data as a Strategic Asset and a GSA responsible party has been assigned.Responsible:General Services Administration Supported practice(s):Prioritize Data Governance and others Measurement:Data Ethics Framework Created(Y/N)Timeline:Completed within 3 months Action 4:Develop a Data Protection Toolkit Action 4:Develop a Data Protection Toolkit By August 2020,the Federal Government will have developed a consistent approach for measuring and mitigating the risk of re-identification from the release of disparate data sets,often referred to as the“mosaic effect.”The Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology will update Statistical Working Paper 22:Report on Statistical Disclosure Limitation Methodology and will collaborate with the Department of Education to create a re-identification risk assessment toolkit for federal agencies.It will include templates based on best practices for assessing,managing,and mitigating the risk that individuals or enterprises are re-identified from the release of confidential federal data.It also will array a suite of approaches for safely accessing data while accounting for confidentiality concerns,from fully open to restricted access in data enclaves.The toolkit will be designed as a user-friendly website in support of both more and less technical users.This shared action has received financial resources as part of the Cross-Agency Priority Goal:Leveraging Data as a Strategic Asset and a Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology responsible party has been assigned.Responsible:Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology,with direction from the Interagency Council on Statistical Policy,and the Department of Education Supported practice(s):Review Data Releases for Disclosure Risk;Diversify Data Access Methods Measurement:Reference material published within 12 months(Y/N)Timeline:Completed within 12 months Action 5:Develop a Repository of Federal Data Strategy Resourc