KineticEnergyBudgetsduringtheRapidIntensificationofTyphoonRammasun(2014)XinQUANandXiaofanLI*KeyLaboratoryofGeoscienceBigDataandDeepResourceofZhejiangProvince,SchoolofEarthSciences,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou,Zhejiang310027,China(Received8March2022;revised23May2022;accepted30May2022)ABSTRACTInthisstudy,TyphoonRammasun(2014)wassimulatedusingtheWeatherResearchandForecastingmodeltoexaminethekineticenergyduringrapidintensification(RI).Budgetanalysesrevealedthatintheinnerareaofthetyphoon,theconversionfromsymmetricdivergentkineticenergyassociatedwiththecollocationofstrongcycloniccirculationandinwardflowledtoanincreaseinthesymmetricrotationalkineticenergyinthelowertroposphere.Theincreaseinthesymmetricrotationalkineticenergyinthemidanduppertroposphereresultedfromtheupwardtransportofsymmetricrotationalkineticenergyfromthelowertroposphere.Intheouterarea,bothtyphoonandEarth’srotationplayedequallyimportantrolesintheconversionfromsymmetricdivergentkineticenergytosymmetricrotationalkineticenergyinthelowertroposphere.Thedecreaseinthesymmetricrotationalkineticenergyintheuppertropospherewascausedbytheconversiontoasymmetricrotationalkineticenergythroughthecollocationofsymmetrictangentialrotationalwindsandtheradialadvectionofasymmetrictangentialrotationalwindsbyradialenvironmentalwinds.Keywords:TyphoonRammasun(2014),rapidintensification,kineticenergybudget,symmetricandasymmetricwinds,divergentandrotationalcirculations,environmentalflowsCitation:Quan,X.,andX.F.Li,2023:KineticenergybudgetsduringtherapidintensificationofTyphoonRammasun(2014).Adv.Atmos.Sci.,40(1),78−94,https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-022-2060-z.ArticleHighlights:•ThesymmetricrotationalkineticenergyinthetroposphereincreasesduringtherapidintensificationofTyphoonRammasun.•Theincreaseinthelowertroposphereresultsfromtheconversionofsymmetricdivergentkineticenergyviatherotational-anddivergent-flowinteraction.•Theincreaseintheuppertroposphereisduetotransportofsymmetricrotationalkineticenergyfromthelowertropospherebystrongup...
