德勤-2019全球区块链调查（英文版）-2019.8-52页.pdf

Deloittes 2019 Global Blockchain SurveyBlockchain gets down to businessDELOITTE BLOCKCHAINAt Deloitte,we collaborate globally with clients on how blockchain is changing the face of busi-ness and government today.From physical asset traceability,clinical supply chain,global trade finance,cross-border payments and remittances,post-trade processing to voting and digital identityyou name it.Right now,new ecosystems are developing blockchain solutions to create innovative business models and disrupt traditional ones.This is occurring in every industry and in most jurisdictions globally.Our deep business acumen and global multidisciplinary model help organizations across industries achieve their varying blockchain aspirations.Reach out to our leaders to discuss the evolving momentum of blockchain use cases,prioritizing block-chain initiatives,and managing the opportunities and pain points associated with blockchain adoption efforts.Lets talk.1Introduction|22019 survey highlights|3Blockchain hype,promises,and challenges|7Key issues|9Blockchain regional analysis|13Conclusion:An evolving landscape|17Appendix|18Endnotes|44ContentsBlockchain gets down to business2IntroductionSINCE THE FIRST blockchain advocates began promoting the technologys capabilities over a decade ago,leaders across industries have often seemed unsure what to do with it.But in 2019,something unmistakable appears to be happening.What has emerged is a shared recogni-tion that blockchain is realand that it can serve as a pragmatic solution to business problems across industries and use cases.This is not some far-flung vision held by long-standing believers in the technology.Even leaders wary of tech-based solu-tions have come to see the larger,transformational importance of the technology.Though blockchain hasnt reached its full poten-tial,savvy executives surveyed for Deloittes 2019 global blockchain survey are confident about new and evolving use cases;they continue to see the technology as a connecting platform that can enable many business processes.Since our last survey,1 respondents report that overall corporate block-chain investment is growing across most sectors as new,practical applications gain traction.Like young college graduates quickly adjusting their expectations after entering the workforce,executives have seen time and practical consider-ations refine and define their view of what is possible in using blockchain into what is plausibleand what is practical.What were seeing in 2019 is the continuing evolution of blockchain from a capable yet underdeveloped technology into a more refined and mature solution poised to deliver on its initial promise to disrupt.The question for executives is no longer,“Will blockchain work?”but,“How can we make block-chain work for us?”OVERVIEW AND METHODOLOGY STATEMENTDeloitte conducted this survey between February 8 and March 4,2019,primarily as a research vehicle to gain greater insights into the overall attitudes and investments in blockchain as a technology.The release of the survey highlights in this article reflects those opinions and perceptions around blockchain and the potential impact of the technology in the future.The information shared provides summaries of a subset of the overall data and insights collected.The survey polled a sample of 1,386 senior executives in a dozen countries(Brazil,Canada,China,Germany,Hong Kong,Israel,Luxembourg,Singapore,Switzerland,United Arab Emirates,United Kingdom,and the United States)at companies with US$500 million or more in annual revenue for US respondents and at companies with US$100 million or more in annual revenue for respondents outside of the United States.Respondents had at least a broad understanding of blockchain and were familiar with and able to comment on their organizations investment plans.Between February 18 and March 8,2019,we also administered the survey to executives at a group of 31 blockchain emerging disruptors to gauge their attitudes and investments in blockchain as a technology.All of these emerging disruptor respondents had revenue of less than US$50 million.Deloittes 2019 Global Blockchain Survey32019 survey highlightsLAST YEARS SURVEY showed blockchain adop-tion reaching a turning point:Momentum had begun shifting from“blockchain tourism”and exploration toward the building of practical business applications.Financial services and,more specifi-cally,the financial technology(fintech)sector were leading in blockchain development,while other industries were cautious in their search for use cases to provide a return on investment to justify the cost and effort of implementing blockchain solutions.Today,fintech remains a blockchain leader,but more organizations in more sectorssuch as tech-nology,media,telecommunications,life sciences and health care,and governmentare expanding and diversifying their blockchain initiatives.Still,despite these advances,progress remains measured in the wake of blockchains first cyclical rise and fall,and the resulting attitude shifts following the initial blockchain buzz.On a positive note,this years survey reveals continued strong investment,with those willing to invest US$5 million or more in new blockchain initiatives over the next 12 months,holding steady at 40 percent(up a point from 2018).Simultaneously,53 percent of respondents say that blockchain technology has become a critical priority for their organizations in 2019a 10-point increase over last year(see figure 1).Moreover,83 percent see compelling use cases for blockchain,up from 74 percent(figure 2),and respondents overall attitudes toward blockchain have strengthened meaningfully.Other 2019 survey data points to signs of blockchains increased maturity.For example,respondents saw blockchain providing more diverse advantages than in 2018.Similarly,the increasing diversification of potential use cases for blockchainand the wider array and greater parity of identified barriers to blockchain adoption(figure 3)suggest further signs of maturation.Anecdotally,and taken as a whole,we read these responses as demonstrating that blockchain is maturing in the eyes of many executives and decision-makers who are increasingly seeing the Fifty-three percent of respondents say that blockchain technology has become a critical priority for their organizations in 2019a 10-point increase over last year.Blockchain gets down to business4technologys real promise.But not everyone is fully on board.Though a majority of respondents call blockchain a top-five priority,only 23 percent have already initiated a blockchain deploymentdown from 34 percent.Attitudes about blockchain may be improving(see figure 2),but 43 percent still see blockchain as overhyped,up from 39 percent last year.Are these attitudes as counterintuitive and contradictory as they seem?The dissonance could reflect a growing pragmatismone that we first noted last year.As blockchain is expected to continue along a traditional path of maturation and self-discovery,signs of dissonance and caution may reflect the technologys health as it likely evolves into a more grounded business solution.Indeed,blockchain is gaining traction and accep-tance in more industries,from fintech to technology to media to telecommunications to government to life sciences and health care.Our research shows executives increasingly expressing confidence in blockchains importance and its disruptive potential that matches some of the most ambitious and far-reaching claims about its transformative potential.This reflects a“seasoning”of the collective opinion toward blockchain based on increased exposure to the technology and a better under-standing of its abilities and drawbacks in practical,day-to-day business use cases.N=1,386(2019 global enterprise);N=1,053(2018 global enterprise)Note:Some percentages may not total 100 percent due to rounding.Source:Deloittes Global Blockchain Survey,2018 and 2019.Deloitte Insights| 1Views of blockchains relevance within organizations(2019 vs.2018)Most respondents now see blockchain as a top-five strategic priority,a jump of 10 percentage points over 2018Survey question:Which of the following best describes how you currently view the relevance of blockchain to your organization or project in the coming 24 months?2019 201830%53%43%It will be critical,in our top five strategic prioritiesIt will be important but not in the top five strategic prioritiesIt will be relevant but not a strategic priorityUnsure/we havent reached a conclusionIt will not be relevant27%29%14%21%3%4%3%4%Deloittes 2019 Global Blockchain Survey5N=1,386(2019 global enterprise);N=1,053(2018 global enterprise).Note:Percentages indicate respondents who strongly or somewhat agree with each statement.Source:Deloittes Global Blockchain Survey,2018 and 2019.FIGURE 2Survey respondents attitudes on blockchain and its adoption(2019 vs.2018)There was a general improvement in attitudes about blockchain over the past yearSurvey question:What is your level of agreement or disagreement with each of the following statements regarding blockchain technology?2019 201886%84%83%74%82%77%81%69%77%68%56%39%59%43%Blockchain technology is broadly scalable and will eventually achieve mainstream adoptionThe executive team believes there is a compelling business case for blockchainOur suppliers,customers,and/or competitors are discussing or working on blockchain solutions to current challenges in the value chain that serves my organizationWe are planning to replace current systems of recordWe will lose a competitive advantage if we dont adopt blockchain technologyBlockchain will disrupt our industryBlockchain is overhypedBlockchain gets down to business6N=1,386(2019 global enterprise);N=1,053(2018 global enterprise).Note:Percentages total more than 100 percent because respondents were allowed to submit more than one answer.Source:Deloittes Global Blockchain Survey,2018 and 2019.Deloitte Insights| 3Organizational barriers to greater investment in blockchain technology(2019 vs.2018)A more even distribution of barriers emerged in 2019 in comparison to 2018 Survey question:What are your organization or projects barriers,if any,to increasing adoption and scale in blockchain technology?(Percentage of respondents who feel the issue is a barrier)2019 201830%30%37%39%29%35%28%28%28%25%33%20%20%17%22%8%3%2%6%20%23%22%Implementation(replacing or adapting existing legacy systems)Regulatory issuesPotential security threatsLack of in-house capabilities(skills and understanding)Uncertain ROIConcerns over sensitivity of competitive informationLack of a compelling application of the technologyThis technology is unproven Not currently identified as a business priorityWe dont see any barrierNot sure/otherDeloittes 2019 Global Blockchain Survey7Blockchain hype,promises,and challengesNEW!IMPROVED!FASTER!Stronger!Better!Marketers wield such adjec-tives and exclamations to capture the attention of influencers and potential customers,and tout the development and release of new products and services.Beyond simple marketing,superlatives can be the language of adoption.Without hype,early movers likely wouldnt know aboutlet alone trynew technologies such as blockchain.They would be released with the hope that someone might stumble upon them,try them,and find them useful,which is hardly a practical way to do business or to technologically advance processes,companies,or industries.Of course,few products and services fully live up to their marketing;its rare that a single tool or solution can do everything that others claim it can do.Even so,many of these new tools and solutions turn out to be useful or even game-changing.Such is the case with blockchain,which appears poised to disrupt industries and business models.The business community remains upbeat though increasingly grounded about the technologys future:Three-fifths of respondents want blockchain to prove itself with measurable,positive results over the next three years.Blockchains maturation is expected to continue as overall investment increases or,at least,remains at current levels(13 percent of respondents plan to decrease investments in the next 12 months).Further supporting this viewpoint is the fact that nearly 60 percent of respondents are confident in blockchains long-term potential due to the imple-mentation of new solutions.For instance,smart contracts and other token-based transactions can help ensure that artists,agents,producers,and other creatives receive their share of revenues generated by their work,no matter how it is used or repurposed.In addition,they can help by increasing blockchains use in such areas as intercompany transactions and warranties financingfor instance,trade finance,letters of credit,and invoice factoring.A technology in search of additional use casesSurvey respondents,while remaining generally optimistic,are tempering their overall opinions toward blockchain now that early adopters have had time to look under the hood,discover the tech-nologys limitations,and see beyond the initial buzz.The question:What have they found?Most people first heard of blockchain through its connection to bitcoin,which inextricably linked the technology to cryptocurrency.Enthusiasts promoted it as a driver of a new distributed economy in which users of token-based currencies would cut traditional banks and brokers out of peer-to-peer and B2C transactions.As such,blockchain advocates were slow to show how it could be used to disrupt and revolutionize other business sectors.Years later,to the frustration of speculators,cryptocurrency adoption remains a slow-moving Few products and services fully live up to their marketing;its rare that a single tool or solution can do everything that others claim it can do.Blockchain gets down to business8revolution.But this slowdown has boosted block-chains adoption elsewhere,as other use cases have emerged and begun to drive innovation.In short,as organizations look at blockchain more critically,it is becoming more well-rounded and,potentially,useful to a wider group of users.There also exists a wide range of applications that dont require the use of a coin,including management of loyalty points,digitizing physical assets,and creating virtual wallets for finance management and reconciliation.Cautious optimismWhile many respondents suggest that blockchain is gaining traction in additional sectors outside of fintechand finding more use cases within more types of businessesexecutives appear to be taking a more pragmatic approach toward its adoption.This is a familiar path for emerging technolo-gies.Take 3D printing,for example.Just six years ago,many analysts and industry experts viewed 3D printing as an interesting tool with questionable broader potential beyond hobbyists and limited prototyping applications.Since then,major manu-facturers have widely adopted the technology to change how they design and make products,and to streamline their supply chains and reduce expensive downtimes cause