G20-G20贸易和数字经济声明（英文）-2019.7-14页.pdf

1 G20 Ministerial Statement on Trade and Digital Economy 1.We,the G20 Trade Ministers and Digital Economy Ministers,met on 8 and 9 June 2019 in Tsukuba City,Ibaraki Prefecture,Japan,under the chairmanship of H.E.Mr.Hiroshige Seko,Minister of Economy,Trade and Industry,H.E.Mr.Masatoshi Ishida,Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications,and H.E.Mr.Taro Kono,Minister for Foreign Affairs,of the Government of Japan,to further strengthen G20 trade and digital economic policy cooperation.2.The G20 Ministerial Meeting on Trade and Digital Economy gathered all G20 members as well as guests from Chile as 2019 APEC host economy,Egypt on behalf of AU,Estonia(for Digital Economy),Netherlands,Nigeria(for Trade),Senegal on behalf of NEPAD,Singapore,Spain,and Viet Nam.International Organizations1also participated in the Meeting.3.We discussed the need to do more to achieve our common objectives for global growth.International trade and investment should continue to be important engines of growth,productivity,innovation,job creation and development.4.Innovative digital technologies continue to bring immense economic opportunities.At the same time,they continue to create challenges.5.This Meeting,which gathered both Trade Ministers and Digital Economy Ministers together for the first time,presented an opportunity to deepen our understanding of the interface between trade and the digital economy.6.We discussed how we can work together toward the realization of a sustainable and innovative global society,by making full use of digital technologies,together with trade and investment,and harnessing the benefits of technological transformation and globalization,taking into consideration national needs,priorities and circumstances.I.Digital Economy 1.Overview:Human-centered Future Society 7.We,G20 Ministers for the Digital Economy discussed how we can design and implement our digital policies to maximize benefits and minimize the challenges from the development of the digital economy,and to overcome challenges with special attention to developing countries and underrepresented populations.8.The G20 started the policy discussion on the digital economy under the Chinese Presidency in the Hangzhou Summit process in 2016,in which G20 members engaged in comprehensive discussion on digital economy,innovation and new industrial revolution.Germany established the first G20 Digital Economy Ministerial Meeting and created an overall perspective on digital policy with the G20 Roadmap on Digital Economy and the Ministerial Declaration.In 2018,Argentina focused on digital government,the digital gender divide,infrastructure deployment 1 International Organizations:APT(for Digital Economy),ERIA,IMF,ITC(for Trade),ITU(for Digital Economy),OECD,UNCTAD,World Bank,and WTO.2 and the measurement of the digital economy,in addition to creating the G20 Repository of Digital Policies.The Digital Economy Ministers issued a declaration,which noted that it is essential to continue the work on further understanding of the market impact of emerging technologies and new business models,like online platforms and the need to advance a fair,predictable,transparent,competitive and non-discriminatory business environment.9.Recalling these discussions,we exchanged views on how to achieve an inclusive,sustainable,safe,trustworthy and innovative society through digitalization.We share the notion of a human-centered future society which is being promoted as Society 5.0 in Japan.Society 5.0 is a vision of human-centered future society promoted by the Japanese government to achieve an advanced society,which realizes economic growth and solves social challenges,by advancing towards Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)through the increasing convergence of the physical world and the virtual world.10.Digitalization is expected to continue creating benefits for our economies and societies as a whole.The benefits brought by increased productivity through the use of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence(AI),fifth-generation mobile telecommunication technologies(5G),the Internet of Things(IoT),Distributed Ledger Technologies(e.g.block chain)will empower all individuals and firms by creating new opportunities,and generate new services and employment,all of which can lead to greater well-being and further inclusiveness for individuals and firms.11.While digitalization has tremendous potential to deliver benefits to society,it also raises certain concerns.Digital divide should be addressed with a commitment to evidence-based policy approaches together with the efforts to improve the measurement of the digital economy that enable the widest possible adoption and use of innovative technology.We should come together to promote trust in the digital economy to harness the benefits brought by digitalization as well as to mitigate the associated challenges.12.The G20 also reaffirms its commitment to fighting exploitation of the Internet for violent extremist and terrorist purposes,as well as promoting a free,open and secure internet,and encourages the digital industry to continue to work together with all stakeholders in fighting use of the Internet and social media for violent extremist and terrorist purposes,and addressing content that incites terrorist acts.13.We share the view that the digital society must be built on trust among all stakeholders including governments,civil society,international organizations,academics and businesses through sharing common values and principles including equality,justice,transparency and accountability taking into account the global economy and interoperability.We note the views given at the G20 Digital Economy Multi-stakeholder Conference,and look forward to the multi-stakeholders discussion at the 14th United Nations Internet Governance Forum at the end of November 2019 in Berlin and the WSIS Forum at the end of March 2020 in Geneva.14.Building upon the commitments and achievements of previous years,we,as G20 Ministers,3 commit to sharing and promoting national experiences and international policies to maximize and share the benefits from digitalization of our economies and societies through the following efforts.2.Data Free Flow with Trust 15.Reaffirming the commitments made in Hangzhou,Dusseldorf,and Salta,we share the understanding that digitalization gives us the opportunity to promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth.Digitalization also promotes social and cultural progress and development,fosters innovation,and empowers individuals and businesses,including micro,small,and medium-sized enterprises(MSMEs)to benefit from emerging technologies and data.16.Cross-border flow of data,information,ideas and knowledge generates higher productivity,greater innovation,and improved sustainable development.At the same time,we recognize that the free flow of data raises certain challenges.By continuing to address challenges related to privacy,data protection,intellectual property rights,and security,we can further facilitate data free flow and strengthen consumer and business trust.In order to build trust and facilitate the free flow of data,it is necessary that legal frameworks both domestic and international should be respected.Such data free flow with trust will harness the opportunities of the digital economy.We will cooperate to encourage the interoperability of different frameworks,and we affirm the role of data for development.3.Human-centered Artificial Intelligence(AI)17.Recognizing the efforts undertaken so far by all stakeholders in their respective roles including governments,international organizations,academia,civil society and the private sector,and mindful of how technology impacts society,the G20 endeavors to provide an enabling environment for human-centered AI that promotes innovation and investment,with a particular focus on digital entrepreneurship,research and development,scaling up of startups in this area,and adoption of AI by MSMEs which face disproportionally higher costs to adopt AI.18.We recognize that AI technologies can help promote inclusive economic growth,bring great benefits to society,and empower individuals.The responsible development and use of AI can be a driving force to help advance the SDGs and to realize a sustainable and inclusive society,mitigating risks to wider societal values.The benefits brought by the responsible use of AI can improve the work environment and quality of life,and create potential for realizing a human-centered future society with opportunities for everyone,including women and girls as well as vulnerable groups.19.At the same time,we also recognize that AI,like other emerging technologies,may present societal challenges,including the transitions in the labor market,privacy,security,ethical issues,new digital divides and the need for AI capacity building.To foster public trust and confidence in AI technologies and fully realize their potential,we are committed to a human-4 centered approach to AI,guided by the G20 AI Principles drawn from the OECD Recommendation on AI,which are attached in Annex and are non-binding.This Annex includes the following principles of“inclusive growth,sustainable development and well-being”,“human-centered values and fairness”,“transparency and explainability”,“robustness,security and safety”and“accountability”.The Annex also offers guidance for consideration by policy makers with the purpose of maximizing and sharing the benefits from AI,while minimizing the risks and concerns,with special attention to international cooperation and inclusion of developing countries and underrepresented populations.20.In pursuing human-centered AI,G20 members recognize the need to continue to promote the protection of privacy and personal data consistent with applicable frameworks.The G20 also recognizes the need to promote AI capacity building and skills development.We will each continue to strive for international cooperation and endeavor to work together with appropriate fora in areas such as research and development,policy development and information sharing through the G20 Repository of Digital Policies and other open and collaborative efforts.4.Governance Innovation-Agile and Flexible Policy Approaches in the Digital Economy-21.We recognize that harnessing the full potential of emerging technologies would benefit from more innovation enabling approaches to policy making than in the past.We will strive for innovation-friendly policies to capitalize the potential of digital technologies and look to remove barriers to innovation accordingly.22.We recognize that various countries have already taken steps with the intention of making policy approaches more flexible,holistic,and agile,for example through the use of regulatory sandboxes.Policies,regulations,or the removal of regulatory barriers can contribute to and accelerate economic growth,and inclusive development by developing countries as well as MSMEs.23.We recognize that governance in the digital era needs to be not only innovation-friendly but also innovative itself,while not losing legal certainty.Interoperable standards,frameworks and regulatory cooperation can help in this regard.International as well as national policy formulation with the involvement of all relevant stakeholders in their respective roles is instrumental to address a wide range of societal challenges and facilitate discussion on how technology can be better incorporated into policy tools.24.To adapt better policy approaches and guide technical innovation,we support the sharing of good practices between G20 countries,including by utilizing the G20 Repository of Digital Policies established under Argentinas presidency.We note the work of relevant international organizations.5.Security in the Digital Economy 25.Security in the digital economy is essential for strengthening our publics confidence in digital 5 technologies and the entire digital economy.We recognize the importance for governments and other stakeholders within their respective roles to address security gaps and vulnerabilities.These have a negative impact on digital innovations,and trust by consumers and businesses,and thus hinder us from taking full advantage of the benefits of digitalization.Security in the digital economy is also important for governments in providing their services.26.Along with the rapid expansion of emerging technologies,including IoT,the value of an ongoing discussion on security in the digital economy is growing.We,as G20 members,affirm the need to further work on these urgent challenges.We recognize the global aspect of security in the digital economy together with the need to develop localized and customized frameworks and methodologies.Industry-led and market-led global technical standards,developed based upon principles of openness,transparency,and consensus help deliver interoperability.These promote trust,which is essential for enabling the benefits of the global digital economy.27.We recognize the need to raise awareness on the importance of actions to enhance security in the digital economy.We also recognize the role played by stakeholders such as private sector,the technical community and civil society,and relevant international organizations to further discuss those issues.We note relevant international organizations working on security in the digital economy within their existing mandates and efforts in security in the digital economy.6.SDGs and Inclusion Tackling the Digital Divide and Promoting Digitalization 28.Digital Infrastructure We recognize that improved connectivity and broadband access is a necessary condition for the development of the digital economy,as well as a powerful enabler of inclusive growth and sustainable development.Therefore we support initiatives aimed at the promotion of investment in domestic and international digital connectivity infrastructure,including fiber optic cables,5G and other ultra-high-speed connectivity technologies,scaling-up the fiber optics infrastructure to avail fiber connectivity to a greater number of individuals and connectivity redundancy.We acknowledge the relevance of appropriate policy approaches that,while recognizing national circumstances,promote a pro-investment,fair,competitive,and non-discriminatory marketplace enhance the accessibility,affordability,quality and security of connectivity and digital services,and increase access to digital economic growth.We encourage the G20 common goal of promoting universal and affordable access to the Internet by all people by 2025.G20 members also encourage promoting connectivity in rural areas for rural prosperity with a particular focus on poverty eradication and distance learning.29.Digital Literacy The digital divide recently is no longer just about access to technology,it is also about having the right skills and knowledge to use it.Possessing the right skills and knowledge as well as 6 creating consumer oriented digital environment has a