2020北京西城高三期末英语试卷答案逐题解析(北京新东方).pdf

北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 1 20202020 年北京市年北京市西城西城区区高三高三期末英语期末英语考试逐题解析考试逐题解析 第一部分：第一部分：知识运用知识运用（共（共两两节，节，4545 分）分）第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A Most of us claim we do not have time for exercise.However,many experts say that exercise plays an important role in making our body healthy.Being(1)_(physical)active offers many advantages.As a physical reward,exercise can reduce weight and the risk of heart disease.Exercise also(2)_(bring)good effects mentally.It can make us feel refreshed and happy,helping us increase our life quality.Actually,exercise can be done in simple(3)_(way).For example,we can take the stairs rather than the lift.Overall,its hard to find time to exercise in our busy lives,but every little bit helps.1.【答案】physically【解析】本题考查副词；Being _ active 部分为动名词作主语，be active 为系表结构，此处应填修饰成分，考虑副词修饰或限定形容词的情况，将 physical 变为副词 physically，意味“身体上处于活跃状态”，整句含义为“身体上的活跃可以带来很多好处”，承接后面的例子，并且和后文的 Exercise also brings good effects mentally.形成并列结构；故正确答案是 physically。2.【答案】brings【解析】本题考查时态语态；本句缺少谓语动词，考虑时态语态相关知识；主语Exercise 和 bring 为主动关系，翻译为“锻炼带来”。再根据句意及上文判断出，本句是在阐述科学家们得出的一个结论，叙述客观事实，符合一般现在时的用法，且涉及北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 2 主谓一致；又根据主语 Exercise 判断此处应填第三人称单数形式；故正确答案是 brings。3.【答案】ways【解析】本题考查名词；根据前面的 in 可知，空格处缺少名词；又因为后一句针对这些方式进行了举例，因此本句中的 way 为复数形式；故正确答案是 ways。北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 3 B Its a popular belief that fish cant remember anything(4)_ longer than seven seconds.It may seem sad to think that they dont remember what theyve eaten or where theyve been.But a recent study(5)_(find)that a kind of fish called African cichlids can remember events from as long as 12 days ago.Researchers trained the fish to go a certain area of their tank(6)_(get)food.They then waited for 12 days before(7)_(put)them back in the tank again.With the help of the computer software,they found the fish still went to the same place where they first got food.4.【答案】for【解析】本题考查介词；根据谓语动词数量判断出空格后的部分是短语而非句子，因此考虑介词相关知识。根据句意，“很多人都认为，鱼的记忆不超过 7 秒钟”可知，空格及后面的内容充当本句话的时间状语，表示一个时间段；故正确答案是 for。5.【答案】has found/finds/found【解析】本题考查时态语态；首先分析句子结构，that 前为主句，缺少谓语动词，考虑时态语态相关知识。主语 study 和谓语动词 find 为主动关系。时态方面，本题有多种理解方式：首先，a recent study 表明此为最近一段时间的研究所得出的结论，强调到现在为止的一个结果，符合现在完成时的使用条件；其次，某个研究发现了某种结论，不强调任何的时间，阐述了一个不随时间变化而变化的事情，符合一般现在时的使用条件；最后，研究是过去完成的，结论也是先得出之后，才写成文章的，强调过去发生的事情，符合一般过去时的使用条件。在阅读理解文章中，作者有时会阐述研究的结论，以上三种时态均有可能用到，且都是正确的句子，只是侧重点不同，导致所选用的时态北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 4 也有所不同；故正确答案是 has found/finds/found。6.【答案】to get【解析】本题考查非谓语动词；分析句子结构，判断本句不缺少谓语动词，则考虑非谓语动词的相关知识。逻辑主语 fish 和动词 get 之间为主动关系。再根据句意，分析“研究人员训练这些鱼去到特定区域”和“得到食物”之间的关联，后者为前者的目的；故正确答案是 to get。7.【答案】putting【解析】本题考查非谓语动词；根据空格前介词 before，判断空格处应填名词的词性。提示词 put 为动词，因此需要变成动名词，且 put them 属于动宾逻辑，则 put 为主动形式的动名词；故正确答案是 putting。北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 5 C In April 2017,two giant pandas from China arrived at a zoo in the Netherlands.There,they(8)_(welcome)to the Chinese-style compound where they were to live.On May 30,after the preparations were complete,the day finally came(9)_ the pandas met their fans for the first time.People were excited because(10)_ zoo is the only place in the country where it is possible to see pandas.In fact,the last time there were pandas in the Netherlands was in 1987.8.【答案】were welcomed【解析】本题考查时态语态；首先分析句子结构，where 前为主句，缺少谓语动词，考虑时态语态相关知识。主语 they 和谓语动词 welcome 之间为被动关系，翻译为“他们被欢迎”，且此句承接前文的叙述，讲述在 2017 年 4 月发生的事情，使用一般过去时；故正确答案是 were welcomed。9.【答案】when【解析】本题考查定语从句；通过本句可以看出，主句完整，从句也完整，而前后两句之间并不存在因果、让步、条件等逻辑关系，因此排除状语从句的可能，本句应为定语从句；从句完整，因此考查定语从句中的关系副词。通过翻译可知，此处先行词为 the day，从句应补充的含义为“在这一天当中”；故正确答案是 when。10.【答案】the【解析】本题考查冠词；首先观察到空格在名词 zoo 之前，并且前文提到过这个动物园，此处应该冠词中的特指作用，应使用定冠词；故正确答案是 the。北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 6 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Pam Bales,an experienced hiker,stepped onto snow-covered Jewell Trail.The hike up the lower part of Jewell was _(11).But less than an hour later,the weather was showing its teeth.Bales began to think about calling it a day.Then she noticed something:a single set of _(12)in the snow ahead of her.Shed been _(13)unclear tracks all day and hadnt given them much _(14),because so many people climb Jewell Trail.But these,as a volunteer of the Valley Search and Rescue Team,she _(15),had been made by a pair of sneakers,which was surely not for this kind of trail.Strong wind screamed,and _(16)was just hours away.If Bales continued to follow the tracks,shed add _(17)to the journey.But the tracks ahead meant someone might be in _(18).She could not let this go.She silently scolded the absent hiker for _(19)normal safety rules and struggled to walk carefully in the direction of the _(20).After about 20 to 30 yards,she rounded a corner and saw a man sitting motionless.He wore tennis sneakers and a light jacket.She checked him for any sign of _(21).There was none.Bales had been trained in search and rescue and knew that he was hypothermic(体温过低的)and would _(22)soon if he didnt get out of there.The man said he had lost his way and was extremely _(23).Bales brought a pair of soft-shell pants,a winter hat,and a jacket from her pack.She helped the man _(24)the warm,dry layers onto his body and offered him some hot cocoa._(25)he stood.She offered continuous encouragement“Keep going!Youre doing great.”Just before 6 p.m.,they arrived at the trailhead very _(26).北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 7 Her climb up to the spot where she _(27)the man had taken about four hours.Two hours had passed since then.A week later,the president of Bales rescue group received a letter in the mail.It read:“On Sunday October17,I went up my trail,Jewell._(28)was to be bad.But without thinking too much I was dressed to go quickly.Next thing I knew this lady was talking to me,changing my clothes,making me warmer.She just kept _(29)me.Finally,I learned her name was Pam.The entire time she treated me with compassion（同情心）,confidence,and one hundred percent commitment.”In the nine years since she saved John,Bales has become something of hiking legend（传奇人物）.Its a(n)_(30)she never sought or wanted,but one she certainly has earned.北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 8 11.A.long B.boring C.pleasant D.unforgettable 12.A.clothes B.tools C.gloves D.footprints 13.A.recording B.following C.covering D.leaving 14.A.response B.expectation C.thought D.hope 15.A.realized B.suggested C.admitted D.remembered 16.A.success B.darkness C.freedom D.disaster 17.A.information B.interest C.risk D.pain 18.A.trouble B.control C.doubt D.touch 19.A.knowing B.making C.judging D.breaking 20.A.wind B.tracks C.sound D.hikers 21.A.power B.life C.injury D.loss 22.A.recover B.escape C.wake D.die 23.A.cold B.starving C.sleepy D.concerned 24.A.pick B.pull C.bring D.carry 25.A.Unwillingly B.Nervously C.Immediately D.Slowly 26.A.tired B.stressed C.upset D.scared 27.A.treated B.observed C.located D.protected 28.A.Chance B.Sight C.Health D.Weather 29.A.praising B.encouraging C.excusing D.instructing 30.A.title B.fortune C.opportunity D.option 北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 9 11.【答案】C【解析】本题是形容词题；根据后本句中“But less than an hour later,the weather was showing its teeth.”，show its teeth 习语，意为发泄愤怒，负面情感态度，but 转折后天气变得糟糕，所以 but 前的形容词为正向情感态度。排除 AB，由于主人公 Pam Bales 是一名有经验的徒步旅行者（an experienced hiker），所以对 The hike 的情感是喜爱的而非难忘的，其余选项含义为：long（长的），boring（无聊的），unforgettable（难忘的）故正确答案是 C。12.【答案】D【解析】本题是名词题；根据下一句“Shed been_(13)unclear tracks all day”，并且下文中多次出现 tracks（足迹，踪迹）这个词，并且地点发生在 snow-covered Jewell Trail，所以主人公注意到的是 footprint（脚印），其余选项含义为：clothes（衣服），tools（工具），gloves（手套）；故正确答案是 D。13.【答案】B【解析】本题是动词题；根据下文“If Bales continued to follow the tracks,shed add _(17)to the journey.”，可知动词为 follow，这里考查动词复现。其余选项含义为：recording（记录），covering（覆盖）leaving（离开）；故正确答案是 B。14.【答案】C 【解析】本题是名词题；根据后半句“because so many people climb Jewell Trail.”因为主人公知道有许多人爬 Jewell Trail，所以对于这些足迹没有想太多。其余选项含义为：response（回应），expectation（期盼），hope（希望）；故正确答案是 C。北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 10 15.【答案】A【解析】本题是动词题；根据本句“But these,as a volunteer of the Valley Search and Rescue Team,she _(15),had been made by a pair of sneakers,which was surely not for this kind of trail.”，但是这些爬 Jewell Trail 的人留下的是运动鞋留下的足迹，与她看到的足迹不同，这些内容是主人公通过分析得到的推断，所以为答案为 realize（意识到）。其余选项含义为：suggested（建议），admitted（承认），remembered（记得）；故正确答案是 A。16.【答案】B【解析】本题是名词题；根据下文“Just before 6 p.m.,they arrived at the trailhead very _(26).”此处时间为下午 6 点，可知这里，几小时后 just hours away，黑暗将至，答案为 darkness（黑暗）其余选项含义为：success（成功），freedom（自由），disaster（灾难）；故正确答案是 B。17.【答案】C 【解析】本题是动词题；根据上一句“Strong wind screamed,and _(16)was just hours away.”，可知“风越来越大，如果主人公继续跟踪足迹走下去，会增加行程的风险 risk。其余选项含义为：information（信息），interest（兴趣），pain（痛苦）；故正确答案是 C。18.【答案】A【解析】本题是名词题；根据本句“But the tracks ahead meant someone might be in _(18).She could not let this go.”，这些足迹意味着_的人，前文天气越来越糟糕，且这些足迹与运动鞋的足迹不同，因此可推断出有人遇到了麻烦，此处考察固定搭配 in trouble 有麻烦。其余选项含义为：in control（控制），in doubt（怀疑），in touch（联系）；故正确答案是 A。北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 11 19.【答案】D【解析】本题是动词题；根据本句“She silently scolded the absent hiker for _(19)normal safety rules and struggled to walk carefully in the direction of the _(20).”，根据本句的谓语动词 scold 责备可知，the absent hiker 未遵守安全规则，故答案为 break normal safety rules（未遵守安全规则）其余选项含义为：knowing（知道），making（制作），judging（判断）；故正确答案是 D。20.【答案】B【解析】本题是动词题；根据前文“If Bales continued to follow the tracks,shed add _(17)to the journey.”，主人公在思考是否继续跟踪足迹，本句为 She silently scolded the absent hiker for _(19)normal safety rules and struggled to walk carefully in the direction of the _(20).主人公 Bales 决定继续前进，所以答案为 track。其余选项含义为：wind(风)sound（声音）hikers(徒步旅行者)故正确答案是 B。21.【答案】C【解析】本题是名词题；根据本段第一句“she rounded a corner and saw a man sitting motionless”，可知当 Bales 看到这个男人的时候，那个男人坐在那里一动不动，再结合文章前面所说的天气十分寒冷，所以可知 Bales 是检查这个男子是否有受伤(injury)的迹象。其余选项含义为：power（力量），life（生命，生活），loss（损失，丢失）；故正确答案是 C。22.【答案】D【解析】本题是动词题；根据前半句的“he was hypothermic”和 and 连接的并列结构可知男人体温过低，如果没有离开那里将会很快死去，所以选 die。其余选项含义为：北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 12 recover（恢复，痊愈），escape（逃跑），wake（醒来）；故正确答案是 D。23.【答案】A【解析】本题是形容词题；根据后半句“Bales brought a pair of soft-shell pants,a winter hat,and a jacket from her pack”可知 Bales 从包里拿出了这些衣服，且由于前文提到 snow-covered Jewell Trail，所以确定天气寒冷，本句 The man said he had lost his way and was extremely _(23).可知答案是 cold。其余选项含义为：starving（饥饿的），sleepy（困倦的），concerned（担心的）；故正确答案是 A。24.【答案】B【解析】本题是动词题；考察动宾的搭配，后面的宾语是“the warm,dry layers”可知Bales 是帮助男子把温暖干燥的衣服拉到身上去，之所以用 pull 这个词是因为男子十分寒冷所以自己穿衣服有难度，所以用拉这个词能够体现他穿衣服的艰难。其余选项含义为：pick（拾起，捡起），bring（带来），carry（携带）；故正确答案是 B。25.【答案】D【解析】本题是副词题；根据前文 After about 20 to 30 yards,she rounded a corner and saw a man sitting motionless，男子一动不动，Bales 给男子穿上衣服并且给了他热的饮品之后，男子刚刚恢复，能够站起来了，所以用 slowly 来修饰站立 stand 这个动作。其余选项含义为：unwillingly（不情愿地），nervously（紧张地），immediately（立刻）；故正确答案是 D。26.【答案】A【解析】本题是形容词题；根据本句“Just before 6 p.m.,they arrived at the trailhead very”可知当在 6 点之前到达小路的起点时候，他们走了很久的路，所以他们的状态应该是十分疲惫的(tired)。其余选项含义为：stressed（有压力的），upset（沮丧的，失落的），scared（害怕的）；故正确答案是 A。北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 13 27.【答案】C【解析】本题是动词题；根据“Her climb up to the spot where she _ the man had taken about four hours”，她爬到那个地点花费了大约 4 个小时，where 引导是定语从句修饰那个地点，应该就是她发现那个男人的地点，所以选 locate（定位）。其余选项含义为：treated（对待，款待），observed（观察），protected（保护）；故正确答案是C。28.【答案】D【解析】本题是名词题；考察的是名词的原词复现，这是在信件中男子在陈述当天发生的事情，所以在介绍了日期，事情之后介绍了那天的天气状况是很糟糕的，和文章的第一段“the weather was showing its teeth”可知那天的天气很糟糕，而且正好和转折词后但是男子被快速的穿上衣服得到救援形成了对比，体现了虽然天气恶劣但是女子仍然选择救人的伟大。其余选项含义为：chance（机会），sight（视力，景象），health（健康）；故正确答案是 D。29.【答案】B【解析】本题是动词题;根据第二段第七行“She offered continuous encouragement.”可知女人一直在鼓励这个男子，所以在信中他写这个女人一直在鼓励他，选encourage。其余选项含义为：praising（表扬），excusing（原谅），instructing（指导，教导）；故正确答案是 B。30.【答案】A【解析】本题是名词题；根据前一句“Bales has become something of a hiking legend”，Bales 成为了徒步旅行的传奇人物，可知这是一个头衔，一个她从来没有去刻意追寻和想要的一个头衔（title）。其余选项含义为：fortune（财富），opportunity（机会），option（选择）；故正确答案是 A。北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 14 第第二二部分：阅读理解（共两节，部分：阅读理解（共两节，4040 分）分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Most Helpful Apps for Students Theres almost an app for everything nowadays,and this can make student life easier,cheaper,safer and more fun.Whether you want help with taking notes,revising,waking up on time or keeping fit,read on for our student app picks.Lecture recording apps Just a few years ago,students attending lectures would have to spend the entire time writing wildly on notepads,in order not to miss any vital bit of information.Then along came technology,and now,lecture recording apps are a reality.Sound Note is a popular lecture recording app for iPad users.You can store an entire lecture in both visual and audio form.Other good quality lecture recording apps include Notes Plus and Audio Memos FreeThe Voice Recorder.Student planner apps Organization is key for success and well-being at university,and student planner apps are becoming increasingly popular.As well as saving on paper,many student planner apps also send reminders and warnings straight to your phone or device.Popular student planner apps include Timetable,My Class Schedule and Class Timetable.Student safety apps 北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 15 A number of apps for students have been developed promoting personal safety if out alone at night.The Circle of Six app is particularly useful for locating lost friends on nights out and also allows users to send their circle of six friends an instant call for help at the touch of a button.The GPS tracker will mark your location on your friends devices,ensuring youll always be able to find one another if necessary.Other student apps that promote safety include bSafe and React Mobile.Healthy eating apps If youre interested in eating healthily while keeping a student budget,consider downloading a few healthy eating apps.Examples Ive come across which are perfect apps for students include Rockin Ramen,a student app featuring a number of nutritious recipes with Ramen as a main ingredient,and MealBoard,an app which plans healthy meals,grocery shops and recipes based on what youve got in the fridge.北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 16 31.Which apps send reminders to users?A.Student planner apps.B.Lecture recording apps.C.Student safety apps.D.Healthy eating apps.31.【答案】A【解析】本题考查文章细节；根据文章 Student planner apps 里的第二句“.,many student planner apps also send reminders and warnings straight to your phone or device”可知 Student planner apps 发送提醒；故正确答案是 A。32.What can we learn about the Circle of Six app?A.It allows users to seek help during an emergency.B.It encourages users to communicate with friends.C.It enables users to store an entire lecture.D.It helps users to lead a healthy life.32.【答案】A【解析】本题考查文章细节；根据 the Circle of Six app 定位到 student safety app里的第二句“.is particularly use for locating lost friends on nights and also allows users to send their circle of six friends an instant call for help at the touch of a button”；由此可知正确答案为 A。北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 17 33.The main purpose of the passage is to _.A.categorize apps B.introduce apps C.evaluate apps D.compare apps 33.【答案】B【解析】本题为主旨题，文章通篇对四种 app 做了介绍，并没有出现对这几种 app之间的 categorize（分类）,evaluate（评价）和 compare（比较），故答案选 B。北京新东方中小学全科教育出品 18 B Jeremy Locke,who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay,Nova Scotia,had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonalds home.Whenever he drove past the womans home,he assumed that the roof was under repair because the job had already been taken on by another group of repairman-but as the weeks wore on,the roof continued to worsen without any signs of repair.“I had