2010年上海高考英语真题及答案.pdf

20102010 年上海高考英语真题及答案年上海高考英语真题及答案考生注意：考生注意：1.1.本试卷分为第本试卷分为第卷卷（第第 1-121-12 页页）和第和第卷卷（第第 1313 页页）两部分两部分。全卷共全卷共 1313 页页。满分满分 15150 0分。考试时间分。考试时间 120120 分钟。分钟。2.2.答第答第 I I 卷前，考生务必在答题卡卷前，考生务必在答题卡和答题纸和答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名和准考证号上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名和准考证号，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号和校验码和校验码。3.3.第第 I I 卷卷（1-161-16 小题小题，25-8025-80 小题小题）由机器阅卷由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。考生应考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。注意试题题号和答题卡编号将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一一一对应，不能错位。对应，不能错位。答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。第试卷上一律不给分。第 I I 卷中的第卷中的第 17-2417-24 小题、小题、81-8481-84 小题和第小题和第 IIII 卷的试题，其答案用钢卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题卡上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。笔或圆珠笔写在答题卡上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。第第 I I 卷卷（105105 分）分）I I.ListeningListening ComprehensionComprehensionII.II.GrammarGrammar andand VocabularyVocabularySectionSection A ADirections:Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices markedA,B,C and D.Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.Sean has formed the habit of joggingthe tree-lined avenue for two hoursevery day.A.betweenB.alongC.belowD.with答案：B考点：考察介词的用法解析：，根据句意“Sean 已经形成了每天沿着绿荫大道慢跑两小时的习惯”，表示“沿着”时，应该选 B。26.It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park.It wasjourney.A.three hourB.a three-hoursC.a three-hourD.three hours答案：C考点：此题考查复合形容词解析：数词+连字符+名词的用法,连字符连接的词作名词定语且用单数。意为“三小时的路程”27.If our parents do everything for us children,we wont learn to depend onA.themselvesB.themC.usD.ourselves答案：D考点：本题考查反身代词解析：主语为 we，因此应为 ourselves.depend on oneself:自力更生。根据句意，选 D。28.Every few years,the coal workerstheir lungs X-rayed to ensure theirhealth.A.are havingB.haveC.have hadD.had had答案：B考点：本题考查时态。解析：根据时间状语 every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选 B。29.-Sorry,Professor Smith.I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.-Oh,youhave done it as yesterday was the deadline.A.mustB.mustntC.shouldD.shouldnt答案：C考点：本题考查的是虚拟语气解析：此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用 should+have+过去分词。本来应该做，而未做30.In ancient times,people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers onlytravelledthe local market.A.longer thanB.more thanC.as much asD.as far as答案：D考点：本题考查介词词组。解析：根据动词 travel 可判断此处应填关于路程的介词词组，本题即为 as far as。as faras 远到.31.The church tower whichwill be open to tourists soon.The work is almostfinished.A.has restoredB.has been restoredC.is restoringD.is beingrestored答案：D考点：本题考查被动语态。解析：Restore 意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选 D.32.I had great difficultythe suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.A.findB.foundC.to findD.finding答案：D考点：固定词组解析：have difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事有困难。33.Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagueswith herstories.A.amusedB.amusingC.to amuseD.to be amused答案：A考点：本题考查非谓语动词。解析：keep+sb./sth.+done,根据句意，sb.与它后面的动词成被动关系，故选 A.34.you may have,you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A.However a serious problemB.What a serious problemC.However serious a problemD.What serious a problem答案：C考点：让步状语从句解析：根据句意“无论你有多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战”，而 however表让步时其顺序应是：however+形容词+主语+谓语。however 做连接副词，相当于 no matter how,后接形容词或副词，意为“无论、不管”，引导让步状语从句，其序为“however+形容词、副词+主语+谓语”。35.the city center,we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.A.ApproachingB.ApproachedC.To approachD.To beapproached答案：A考点：本题考查非谓语动词。解析：考察现在分词作状语，表示正在进行或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。36.One reason for her preference for city life isshe can have easy accessto places like shops and restaurants.A.thatB.howC.whatD.why答案：A考点：此处考查的是同位语从句。解析：考察 that 引导同位语从句的用法。此处 that 不可以省略。37.When changing lanes,a driver should use his turning signal to let other driversknow.A.he is entering which laneB.which lane he is enteringC.is he entering which laneD.which lane is he entering答案：B考点：本题考查宾语从句。解析：which 引导的句子做 know 的宾语，句子用陈述语序。38.Wind power is an ancient source of energywe may return in the near future.A.on whichB.by whichC.to whichD.from which答案：C考点：此处考查的是介词加疑问词引导从句解析：考察介词+which 的用法。=Wind power is an ancient source of energy whichthatwe may return to in the near future.39.our manage objects to Toms joining the club,we shall accept him asa member.A.UntilB.UnlessC.IfD.After答案：B考点：连词解析：此句意思是“除非我们经理反对 tom 加入俱乐部，不然我们都应接受他成为其中一员。”40.Thai is the only way we can imaginethe overuse of water in studentsbathrooms.A.reducingB.to reduceC.reducedD.reduce答案：B考点：此处考查非谓语动词。解析：此处应该用不定式 the way to do sth 表示做的途径、方式。the only way todo,we can imagine 做定语，前面省略了 that.SectionSection B BDirections:Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each wordcan only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.additionalB.producingC.regularD.predictedE.identifiedE atmosphereG.matchedH.reducingI.carriedJ.increaseForests in the northern half of the globe could be growing faster now than theywere 200 years ago as a result of climate change,according to a study of trees ineastern America.The trees appear to have faster growth rates due to longer growing seasons andhigherconcentrations(浓度)of carbon dioxide in the _41_.Geoffrey Parker,a scientist at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Centre inEdgewater.Maryland,said that the increase in the rate of growth was unexpectedand might be _42_ to the higher temperatures and longer growing seasonsdocumented in the region.The growth may also be influenced by the significant_43_ in atmospheric CO2,he said.We made a list of reasons these forests could be growing faster and then excludedhalf of them,Dr.Parker said.Their study suggests that northern forests may becomeincreasingly important in _44_ the influence of man-made CO2on the climate.Dr.Parker and his colleagues have _45_ out a detailed record of the treeson a(n)_46_ basis since 1987.They calculated that due to the global warmingthe forest is producing_47_ tons of wood each year.The scientists _48_ the land with trees at different stages of growth and foundthat both young and old trees were showing increased growth rate.More than 90 percent of the tree groups had grown by between two and four times faster than thescientists had _49_ from estimates of the long-term rates of growth.【解析】41.F.此句意思是大气中二氧化碳的浓度加深。42.G.43.J.大气中二氧化碳的增加用 increase。44.H.根据常识，森林的增加有助于减少二氧化碳对天气的影响。45.I.carry out 实行，实施。46.C.on a regular basis:定期的47.A.根据文章大意，可知此处应是产生额外的(additional)木材。48.E.49.D.III.III.ReadingReading ComprehensionComprehensionSectionSection A ADirections:Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrasesmarked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fitsthe context.The first attempt of even the most talented artists,musicians,and writers isseldom a masterpiece,If you consider your drafts as dressrehearsals(彩排),ortryouts,revising will seem a natural part of the writing _50_.What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews thatmany Broadway shows go through?The answer is adding,deleting,replacing,reordering,_51_ revising.Andrew Lloyd Webbers musical Phantom of the Operaunderwent such a process.When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984,he had in mind a funny,excitingproduction.However,when Phantom opened in London in 1986,the audience saw a movingpsychological love story set to music.The musical had._52_ several revisionsdue,in part,to problems withcostuming and makeup(戏服和化妆).For instance,LloydWebber _53_ some of the music because the Phantoms makeup prevented the actorfrom singing certain sounds.When you revise,you change aspects of your work in _54_ to your evolvingpurpose,or to include _55_ ideas or newly discovered information.Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you haveat the end of an assignment._56_,it is a major stage of the writing process,and writers revise every step of the way.Even your decision to _57_.topicswhile prewriting is a type of revising.However.dont make the mistake of skippingthe revision stage that follows _58_.Always make time to become your own_59_and view your dress rehearsal,so to speak.Reviewing your work in this waycan give you _60_ new ideas.Revising involves _61_ the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspectsof your writing,making your purpose more clearly,and refocusing or developing thefacts and ideas you present.When you revise,ask yourself the following questions,keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing:Is my main idea or purpose_62_ throughout my draft?Do I ever lose sight of my purpose?Have I given myreaders all of the _63_ that is,facts,opinions,inferences-that they needin order to understand my main idea?Finally,have I included too many _64_details that may confuse readers?50.A.techniqueB.styleC.processD.career51.A.in particularB.as a resultC.for exampleD.in other words52.A.undergoneB.skippedC.rejectedD.replaced53.A.rewroteB.releasedC.recordedD.reserved54.A.additionB.responseC.oppositionD.contrast55.A.fixedB.ambitiousC.familiarD.fresh56.A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.InsteadD.Therefore57.A.discussB.switchC.exhaustD.cover58.A.draftingB.rearrangingC.performingD.training59.A.directorB.masterC.audienceD.visitor60.A.personalB.valuableC.basicD.delicate61.A.mixingB.weakeningC.maintainingD.assessing62.A.amazingB.brightC.uniqueD.clear63.A.anglesB.evidenceC.informationD.hints64.A.unnecessaryB.uninterestingC.concreteD.final【文章大意】修改是作品写作过程中非常重要且必须的步骤。文章讲叙了作品修改的【文章大意】修改是作品写作过程中非常重要且必须的步骤。文章讲叙了作品修改的目的和途径。目的和途径。50.答案：C考点：本题考查名词辨析解析：参照下文的“Andrew Lloyd Webbers musical Phantom of the Opera underwentsucha a process.process.”和“However.dont make the mistake of skipping thethe revisionrevisionstagestage”。名词 technique（技术）、style（风格）、career（事业、生涯）都不符题意。本题难度适中。51.答案：D考点：本题考查介词短语辨析解析：前面 adding,deleting,replacing,reordering 都是 revising 的方面，所以revising 和这些名词同义；介词短语 in other words 表示“换句话说”。介词短语 inparticular（尤其、特别表强调）、as a result（因此，表结果）、for example（例如，表举例说明）都不符题意。本题难度适中。52.答案：A考点：本题考查动词辨析解析：动词 skip（跳远）、reject（拒绝、抵制）replace（取代）都不符题意。人们观看的是完美的表演，但表演之前作品经历了（undergo）多次修改，与上段的“Andrew LloydWebbers musical Phantom of the Opera underwentunderwent such a process.”对应。本题难度适中。53.答案：A考点：本题考查动词辨析解析：动词 release（释放、赦免、发行）、record（记录、录音）、reserve（保留、预订）都不符题意。动词 rewrite 表示“重写、修改”，与动词 revise 同义，与本篇文话题相关。本题难度适中。54.答案：B考点：本题考查介词短语辨析解析：介词短语 in addition to 表示“而且、除之外还有”，in opposition to表示“与.的意见相反”，in contrast to 表示“与.形成对比”，都与本题不符。inresponse to（作为对的反应）在本句表示“你修改作品是对你想改进作品目的的一种回应”本题难。55.答案：D考点：本题考查形容词辨析解析：freshfresh ideas 与后面的 newlynewly discovereddiscovered information 对应。本题难度适中。56.答案：B考点：本题考查副词辨析解析：副词 Moreover（而且）类似与 but also 表递进含义，与前面句 not just（only）呼应。副词 However（然而，表转折关系）、Instead（作为替代、反而，表相反含义）、Therefore（因此，表原因）都不符题意。本题难度适中。57.答案：B考点：本题考查动词辨析解析：switch topics（变换标题）属于修改作品的一部分。动词 discuss（讨论）、exhaust（汲干、使筋疲力尽）、cover（覆盖、包含）都不符题意。本题难度适中。58.答案：D考点：本题考查动名词辨析解析：名词 drafting（起草）、rearranging（重新安排）、performing（表演）都与题意不符。名词 training.（培训）在本句表示“排练”，与上文 dress rehearsals/tryouts同义。本题难。59.答案：C考点：本题考查名词辨析解析：名词 audience（观众）与下句 viewview your dress rehearsal 对应。名词 director（导演）、master（主人、大师）、visitor（来访者）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。60.答案：B考点：本题考查形容词辨析解析：形容词 valuable 表示“做自己作品的观众能给你有价值的新信息”。形容词personal（个人的）、basic（基本的）、delicate（娇贵的、纤弱的、精美的）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。61.答案：A考点：本题考查动词辨析解析：动词 mix 在本句表示“修改就是把作品所有方面的有效性和适当性融合在一起”。本题难。62.答案：D考点：本题考查形容词辨析解析：形容词 clear 在本句表示“我的文章大意或写作意图是否清晰”，与下文confuseconfuse readersreaders 对应。形容词 amazing（令人惊讶的）、bright（明亮的、聪明的）、unique（独特的）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。63.答案：C考点：本题考查名词辨析解析：后句名称 facts、opinions、inferences 都属于 information，与上句 newlydiscovered informationinformation 对应。本题难度适中。64.答案：A考点：本题考查形容词辨析解析：形容词 unnecessary details 表示“多余的信息”反而使读者困惑、误导读者。形容词 uninteresting（单调的、乏味的）、concrete（具体的）、final（最终的、决定性的）都与题意不符。本题难。SectionSection B BDirections:Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by severalquestions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices markedA,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given inthe passage you have just read.(A)(A)The elephant was lying heavily on its side,fast asleep.A few dogs started barkingat it.The elephant woke up in a terrible anger:it chased the dogs into the villagewhere they ran for safety.That didnt stop the elephant.It destroyed a dozen houses and injured several people.The villagers were scared and angry.Then someone suggested calling Parbati,theelephant princess.Parbati Baruas father was a hunter of tigers and an elephant tamer.He taughtParbati to ride an elephant before she could even walk.He also taught her thedangerous art of the elephant round-up-how to catch wild elephants.Parbati hasnt always lived in the jungle.After a happy childhood hunting withher father,she was sent to boarding school in the city.But Parbati never got usedto being there and many years later she went back to her old life.Life in the cityis too dull.Catching elephants is an adventure and the excitement lasts for daysafter the chase,she says.But Parbati doesnt catch elephants just for fun.My work,she says,is torescue man from the elephants,and to keep the elephants safe from man.And thisis exactly what Parbati has been doing for many years.Increasingly,the Indianelephant is angry:for many years,illegal hunters have attacked it and its homein the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land.It is now fighting back.Whenever wild elephants enter a tea garden or a village,Parbati is called to guidethe animals back to the jungle before they can kill.The work of an elephant tamer also involves love and devotion.A good elephanttamer will spend hours a day singing love songs to a newly captured elephant.Eventually they grow to love their tamers and never forget them.They are also moreloyal than humans,she said,as she climbed up one of her elephants and sat on thegiant,happy animal.An elephant princess indeed!65.For Parbati,catching elephants is mainly to.A.get long lasting excitementB.keep both man and elephants safeC.send them back to the jungleD.make the angry elephants tame66.Before Parbati studied in a boarding school,.A.she spent her time hunting with her fatherB.she learned how to sing love songsC.she had already been called an elephant princessD.she was taught how to hunt tigers67.Indian elephants are getting increasingly angry and they revenge because_.A.they are caught and sent for heavy workB.illegal hunters capture them and kill themC.they are attacked and their land gets limitedD.dogs often bark at them and chase them68.The passage starts with an elephant story in order to explain that in India_.A.people easily fall victim to elephants attacksB.the man-elephant relationship is getting worseC.elephant tamers are in short supplyD.dogs are as powerful as elephants65.B.本题为归纳概括题。通读全文可知 Parbati 主要是为了保障大象与人之间的安全而驯象的。66.A.通读文章后可知她从小与父亲一起在丛林中度过了她的童年，之后才去寄宿学校的。67.C.可从文章第四段直接得出答案。68.B.逻辑推理题。(B)(B)The following card includes a brief summary and a short assessment of a researchpaper.It can provide a guide for further reading on the topic.69.The research paper published is primarily concerned withA.the way of preventing employee turnoverB.methods of improving employee performanceC.factors affecting employee turnover and performanceD.pay structures based on employee performance70.As is mentioned in the card,the limitation of the research paper mainly liesin that.A.the data analysis is hardly reliableB.the research