2020年江苏省高考英语试卷解析版.doc

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 英语试题 第一部分听力(共两节, 满分20分) 做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A £19.15. B. £59.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1.Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a supermarket. B. In the post office C. In the street. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 2.What did Carl do? A. He designed a medal. B. He fixed a TV set. C. He took a test. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 3.What does the man do? A. He’s a tailor. B. He’s a waiter. C. He’s a shop assistant. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 4.When will the flight arrive? A. At 18:20. B. At 18:35. C. At 18:50. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 5.How can the man improve his article? A. By deleting unnecessary words. B. By adding a couple of points. C. By correcting grammar mistakes. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 第二节(共15小题:每小题I分, 满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What does Bill often do on Friday night? A. Visit his parents. B. Go to the movies. C. Walk along Broadway. 7. Who watches musical plays most often? A. Bill. B. Sarah. C. Bill’s parents. 【答案】6. B 7. B 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why does David want to speak to Mike? A. To invite him to a party. B. To discuss a schedule. C. To call off a meeting. 9. What do we know about the speakers? A. They are colleagues. B. They are close friends. C. They’ve never met before. 【答案】8. C 9. C 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. What kind of camera does the man want? A. A TV camera. B. A video camera. C. A movie camera. 11. Which function is the man most interested in? A. Underwater filming. B. A large memory. C. Auto-focus. 12. How much would the man pay for the second camera? A. 950 euros. B. 650 euros. C. 470 euros. 【答案】10. B 11. A 12. C 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. Who is Clifford? A. A little girl. B. The man’s pet. C. A fictional character. 14. Who suggested that Norman paint for children’s books? A. His wife. B. Elizabeth. C. A publisher. 15. What is Norman’s story based on? A. A book. B. A painting. C. A young woman. 16. What is it that shocked Norman? A. His unexpected success. B. His efforts made in vain. C. His editor’s disagreement. 【答案】13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker? A. Relatives. B. Strangers. C. Visitors. 18. Why do people have small talk? A. To express opinions. B. To avoid arguments. C To show friendliness. 19. Which of the following is a frequent topic in small talk? A. Politics. B. Movies. C. Salaries. 20. What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture? A. Asking open-ended questions. B. Feeling free to change topics. C. Making small talk interesting. 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节, 满分35分) 第一节:单项填空(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 请认真阅读下面各题, 从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 例:It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 答案是B。 21.Many lessons are now available online, from _____ students can choose for free. A. whose B. which C. when D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。 22.If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ______ everyone. A. suit B. suited C. suits D. has suited 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。句子描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；此处是定语从句谓语动词，先行词是a solution，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故选C。 23.They decide to have more workers for the project ____ it won’t be delayed. A. even if B. as if C. now that D. so that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：他们决定为这项工程增加工人，以免耽搁。A. even if即使；B. as if好像；C. now that既然；D. so that为了。空后it won’t be delayed是前面采取措施的目的，应使用so that引导目的状语从句。故选D。 24.Building such a bridge over the bay was ______ but the local government made it within two years. A. a wet blanket B. a piece of cake C. a dark horse D. a hard nut to crack 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查习惯用语辨析。句意:在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情，但当地政府在两年内完成了。A. a wet blanket一件扫兴的事情；B. a piece of cake小菜一碟；C. a dark horse出人意外的获胜者；D. a hard nut to crack很难解决的问题。根据空前such a bridge over the bay及空后but the local government made it within two years可知，在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情。故选D。 25.It is not a problem _____ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time. A. whether B. why C. when D. where 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. when什么时候；D. where在哪里。根据下文it’s just a matter of time可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。 26.Instead of getting down to a new task as I _____, he examined the previous work again. A. had expected B. have expected C. would expect D. expect 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意:他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作，而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。此处描述的动作发生在examined之前，属于”过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时。故选A。 27.There will still be lots of challenges if we are to _____ garbage in a short time. A. clarify B. justify C. satisfy D. classify 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。A. clarify澄清；B. justify证明；C. satisfy 满足；D. classify分类。根据空后garbage可知，此处指“对垃圾进行分类”。故选D。 28.If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I _____where I am. A. won’t be B. wouldn’t have been C. wouldn’t be D. shouldn’t have been 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没有面对那么多的障碍，我现在就不会在这里。分析句子成分可知，此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后where I am可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使用would/could/might/should+do。故选C。 29.The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _____ change in our life and work. A. absurd B. abrupt C. allergic D. authentic 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。A. absurd荒谬的；B. abrupt突然的；C. allergic过敏的；D. authentic真实的。根据常识可知，新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。 30.Taking on this challenge will bring you _____ someone who shares your interests. A. in exchange for B. in answer to C. in contact with D. in memory of 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意:接受这个挑战会让你和你有共同兴趣的人接触。A. in exchange for作为交换；B. in answer to回答；C. in contact with接触，与……有联系；D. in memory of纪念。根据空后someone who shares your interests及常识可知，此处指”和与你有共同兴趣的人接触”。故选C。 31.Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products. A. combined with B. combining with C. having combined with D. to be combined with 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be combined with”与……结合/联合”，本句中省略be动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选A。 32.This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ______. A. whichever B. whenever C. wherever D. whatever 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意:这个演员通常在表演前就已经计划好了前两个技巧，然后全力以赴。A. whichever无论哪个；B. whenever无论何时；C. wherever无论何地；D. whatever无论什么。分析句子成分可知，此处做goes for的宾语，指代”任何事情”，whatever符合语境。故选D。 33.The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable ______. A. reservation B. transformation C. distinction D. submission 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多国家的卫生安全系统正在经历重大变革。A. reservation预订；B. transformation改革，变革；C. distinction区别；D. submission提交。根据前文The health security systems可知，此处指“卫生安全系统的变革”。故选B。 34.The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ______ a new generation of virtual reality. A allowing for B. accounting for C. calling for D. compensating for 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:6G的速度将超过125 GB/s，使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A. allowing for使……成为可能，促进……的发生；B. accounting for解释；C. calling for需要，要求；呼吁；D. compensating for补偿。根据空前The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s可知，125 GB/s 的6G速度将使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。故选A。 35.—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing? —______ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty. A. How come? B. So what? C. By all means. D. With pleasure. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查日常交际用语。句意:-你知道关于张仲景的事情吗？-当然。 自东汉以来，他被尊为医学大师。A. How come?怎么会？B. So what?那又怎样？C. By all means.当然；D. With pleasure.很愿效劳。根据空后He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.可知，后者对张仲景非常了解。所以他”当然”知道关于张仲景的事情。C选项符合语境。故选C。 第二节:完形填空(共20小题; 每小题1分, 满分20分) 请认真阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success ___36___ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the ____37____ in our lives. When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931, he had no ___38___ of knowing that his life was to change ____39____. The class experiment that day was to ____40____ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. ____41____, the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat ____42____ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it, the container ___43___, leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes. When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents ____44____ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had ______45______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as ______46______. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)______47______ public speaker. Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from ______48______ for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to _____49_____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue _____50_____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ______51______ Wilson made to preventing the ______52______. Wilson received several international ______53______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a _____54_____. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ______55______ our lives-it’s what we make of what happens. 36. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects 37. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps 38. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure 39. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely 40. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare 41. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus 42. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily 43. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed 44. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed 45. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to 46. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic 47. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent 48. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness 49. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept 50. A. until B. when C. unless D. before 51. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations 52. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential 53. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses 54. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision 55. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits 【答案】36. A 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. B 45. D 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. B 【解析】 这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on：取决于。故选A。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas进退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。结合文章最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 55 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选C。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way方法，方式；B. hope希望；C. plan计划；D. measure措施。John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。 【39题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. continually不断地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. gracefully优雅地；D. completely完全地。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。 【41题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。老师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved值得，应得，应受；B. attempted视图，尝试；C. cared关心，在乎； D. agreed同意。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。故选B。 【45题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交，服从……；B. catered for迎合；C. impressed on给……留下印象；D. happened to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic极好的；B. extraordinary不同寻常的；C. impressive给人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。根据上文his parents 44 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 45 their lives.以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有A选项表达此意。故选A。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 51 Wilson made to preventing the 52 ”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。故选C。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as 46 . He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 47 public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到；B. when在……情况下，当……时候；C. unless如果不；D. before在……之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情况下”。故选B。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment奉献，投入；D. limitations限制。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢复视力了。A. preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B. potential潜在的，有潜力的；C. spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的；D. influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。故选A。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships奖学金；B. rew