2023年高考英语真题（全国乙卷）（听力）（解析版）.docx

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国乙卷) 英语学科 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在本试卷上。 2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。涂写在本试卷上无效。 3.作答非选择题时，将答案书写在答题卡上，书写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分1.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the book store. B. In the register office. C. In the dorm building. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Could you please tell me how I can get to the student dorm building? M: Sure. Turn left when you walk out of this register office, pass the bookstore and you’ll see it. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the weather like now? A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: We couldn’t ask for a better day, could we, Barbara? W: I know, Steve. There isn’t a cloud in the sky. I love this time of year. M: Me, too. The flowers are beautiful but calling for rain though. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man want to do on the weekend? A. Do some gardening. B. Have a barbecue. C. Go fishing. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: We got any plans this weekend? W: We might start with our vegetable garden, then the barbecue. M: Sounds fun, but I still want to go fishing with George. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers talking about? A. A new office. B. A change of their jobs. C. A former colleague. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Lisa, I saw Jack this morning. W: You mean the former designer of our company? What’s he doing these days? M: He said he’s got a new job as an art reporter. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What do we know about Andrew? A. He’s optimistic. B. He’s active. C. He’s shy. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Do you often go to the student union, Andrew? M: Pretty much. Once in a while I meet friends there and I spend a lot of time organizing activities in different clubs or associations. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Which of the following does the woman dislike? A. The bedroom. B. The sitting room. C. The kitchen. 7. What does the woman suggest they do next? A. Go to another agency. B. See some other flats. C. Visit the neighbours. 【答案】6. C 7. B 【解析】 【原文】W: What do you think, Terry? M: Well, it has one more bedroom than the last flat. And the sitting room is big. W: But there is not enough cupboard space in the kitchen. M: It’s cheaper than the last one we saw. And it is in a good neighborhood. W: Well, maybe we’ll have to see if the agent has anything else to show us. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is the man doing? A. He’s making a phone call. B. He’s chairing a meeting. C. He’s hosting a program. 9. What makes Mrs. Johnson worried about her daughter in Africa? A. Lack of medical support. B. Inconvenience of communication. C. Poor transportation system. 【答案】8. C 9. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Thank you, Mrs. Johnson, for what you’ve shared with our listeners. Now, please tell us, do you sometimes feel worried about your daughter, now that she’s grown up? W: Oh, I worry about her like all parents do. After she graduated from medical school, she went to volunteer medical service in Africa. M: Wow. W: That’s okay if communication was fine. But if there was no Internet or telephone connection, we could sometimes go two weeks without getting in touch with each other. That often worries me. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What position does the man apply for? A. A salesperson. B. An engineer. C. An accountant. 11. Which aspect of the company appeals to the man? A. The company culture. B. The free accommodations. C. The competitive pay. 12. What is difficult for the man to deal with? A. Interpersonal relationships. B. Quality-quantity balance. C. Unplanned happenings. 【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Now sell yourself in a minute please. M: I graduated from university two years ago, and have since been working in an accounting company. Apart from the knowledge and skills related to my major, I’m really good with computers. I have a large amount of experience working with big data. I think I’m well qualified for the accountant position here. W: Good! Why did you choose this company? M: Peterson has been my dream company all along. You value progress and focus on the quality of work more than the quantity. The flexible working hours and working from home is also attractive. W: Uh-huh. What do you think is your biggest weakness? M: Well, when I work, I often concentrate so much on what I’m doing that I may have a hard time dealing with things that come up unexpectedly. That may be annoying to some people. W: All right. Thank you very much. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. How does Robert sound when speaking of his being a writer? A. Hopeful. B. Grateful. C. Doubtful. 14. What was Robert like before he was 9 years old? A. He had wild imagination. B. He enjoyed sports. C. He loved science. 15. What did Robert’s father do? A. A teacher. B. A coach. C. A librarian. 16. What helped Robert become a writer? A. Writing daily. B. Listening to stories. C. Reading extensively. 【答案】13. B 14. B 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【原文】W: So Robert, I guess you must be well into your third decade as a writer. How is life treating you? M: Fourth decade as a writer. Hmm, let me get my calculator out. Well, I guess I have been writing novels since the 1980s. So you’re right. But I have been writing all of my life. And to answer your question, life has been treating me excellently. W: Can I ask you about your childhood? Were you a bookish child? M: In a strange way, I was a non-readeruntil I turned 9. I used to play basketball in the schoolyards of Brooklyn. My father was a high school teacher of physics and chemistry. And he was a big reader. He would bring books back from his high school library. One day I read the last chapter of a book, the title of which I’ve long since forgotten. I liked it so much that I started reading the remainder. Interestingly, I read the chapters backwards until I got to the beginning. I really loved the experience, and I soon became an eager reader. Then my father would bring piles of books home from the library. And I would read them all, and they were all fiction. I must add that I started reading the books from the start, as opposed toworking backwards. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17 Where was Open Tchaikovsky Competition held in 1986? A. In Moscow. B. In Chelyabinsk. C. In Berlin. 18. What does Maxim say about the competition he attended at 10? A. It inspired many young musicians. B It was the music event of his dreams. C. It was a life-changing experience. 19. Which kind of music are the young players required to play? A. Rock music. B. Pop music. C. Classical music. 20. What does Maxim value most in young players’ performance? A. Expressiveness. B. Smoothness. C. Completeness. 【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Hello, I’m Maxim Vengarov, and I’m very happy to share with you my connection with open Tchaikovsky Competition. It was June 1986 when I came to Moscow to participate in open Tchaikovsky Competition at the age of 10 from Chelyabinsk. This was actually the turning point of my life. Then I attended a world music festival in Berlin. And it was interesting to say that a kid made his breakthroughalready at the age of 10. And that was me. Now as a judge of the competition, I can see clearly the huge challenges facing the musicians in the competition. Where else can you see young players playing within ten days—classical works and Russian traditional music before coming to the final stage? As a musician, it’s important to give maximum attention and time to your own reflections of your own feelings. So, what I’m really looking for in the competition is to meet someone who can touch me musically. I want to see the seed, at least the seed of the great tree that can grow. I would go for this violinist. I would go for this musician. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A PRACTITIONERS Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine. James Barry (c.1789 — 1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves. 21. What did Jacqueline and James have in common? A. Doing teaching jobs. B. Being hired as physicians. C. Performing surgery. D. Being banned from medicine. 22. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners? A. She wrote a book. B. She went through trials. C. She worked as a dentist. D. She had formal education. 23. Who was the first African American with a medical degree? A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania. B. Tan Yunxian. C. James Barry. D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler. 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位从医人员的生平与事迹。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. (她出生于佛罗伦萨的一个犹太家庭，搬到巴黎当医生并做外科手术)”以及第二部分中的“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813 (她获得了做外科医生的资格)”和“Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. (Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职业)”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都有资格进行外科手术。故选C。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第三部分中的“Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. (Tan写了一本书《女医生的故事》，描述了她作为一名医生的生活)”可推知，Tan与其他从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. (四年后，她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性)”可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D。 B Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation. Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. 24. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest? A. By teaming up with other photographers. B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks. C. By studying the geographical conditions. D. By creating settings in the corn fields. 25. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author? A. Proper time management. B. Good shooting techniques. C. Adventurous spirit. D. Distinctive styles. 26. What can we infer from the author’s trip with friends to Devil’s Lake? A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock. B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset. C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected. D. They had problems with their equipment. 27. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake? A. Amusing. B. Satisfying. C. Encouraging. D. Comforting. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。通过文章第二段“I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. (我倾向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险，沿途拍照)”可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对挑战的方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。故选A。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. (然而，我们没有标出路线，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落)”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。 C What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting? Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose