2018年高考英语真题（天津自主命题）（原卷版）.doc

2018年天津市高考英语试卷 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．例：Stand over there_________ you'll be able to see it better.A. orB. andC. butD. while答案是B． 1．（1分）﹣Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now？ ﹣ ． She will be here in about twenty minutes．（　　） A．All right B．Don 't worry C．No wonder D．Enjoy yourself 2．（1分）Kate， sister I shared a room with when we were at college， has gone to work in Australia．（　　） A．whom B．that C．whose D．her 3．（1分）At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving， but eventually he as she was so confident about her skills．（　　） A．gave in B．dressed up C．broke in D．turned up 4．（1分）Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend they get sweet enough to be eaten．（　　） A．ever since B．as if C．even though D．so that 5．（1分）﹣I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help． ﹣ ．Just let me know when， and I'll be there．（　　） A．You bet B．It depends C．Forget it D．No kidding 6．（1分）The that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space．（　　） A．advice B．order C．possibility D．invitation 7．（1分）I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ．（　　） A．taking B．taken C．being taken D．take 8．（1分）It took him a long time to the skills he needed to become a good dancer．（　　） A．display B．acquire C．teach D．test 9．（1分）The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race．（　　） A．whomever B．wherever C．whoever D．whatever 10．（1分）I can't find my purse． I it in the supermarket yesterday， but I'm not sure．（　　） A．should leave B．must have left C．might leave D．could have left 11．（1分）Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report， but he went ．（　　） A．at first B．after all C．above all D．at random 12．（1分）I didn't mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help it．（　　） A．to eat； to try B．eating； trying C．eating； to try D．to eat； trying 13．（1分）My washing machine this week， so I have to wash my clothes by hand．（　　） A．was repaired B．is repaired C．is being repaired D．has been repaired 14．（1分）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the passenger seat．（　　） A．which B．that C．when D．where 15．（1分）If we the flight yesterday， we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now．（　　） A．had caught B．caught C．have caught D．would catch 第二节：完形填空（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项． 16．（30分）No one is born a winner． People make themselves into winners by their own （1）　 　． I learned this lesson from a（n）（2）　 　many years ago． I took the head（3）　 　job at a school in Baxley， Georgia． It was a small school with a weak football program． It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the（4）　 　team at the end of spring practice． The old team had no coach， and they didn't even practice to（5）　 　the game． Being the coach of the new team， I was excited because I knew we were going to win， but to my disappointment we were defeated． I couldn't （6）　 　I had got into such a situation． Thinking hard about it， I came to（7）　 　that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia， but they were（8）　 　me． I had to change my （9）　 　about their ability and potential． I started doing anything I could to help them build a little （10）　 　．Most important， I began to treat them like （11）　 　． That summer， when the other teams enjoyed their （12）　 　 ， we met every day and （13）　 　passing and kicking the football． Six months after suffering our （14）　 　on the spring practice field， we won our first game and our second， and continued to （15）　 　．Finally， we faced the number one team in the state． I felt that it would be a （16）　 　for us even if we lost the game． But that wasn't what happened． My boys beat the best team in Georgia， giving me one of the greatest （17）　 　of my life！ From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can （18）　 　the members of a team． Instead of seeing my boys as losers， I pushed and （19）　 　them． I helped them to see themselves（20）　 　， and they built themselves into winners． Winners are made，not born． （1）A． luck B． tests C． efforts D． nature （2）A．experiment B． experience C． visit D． show （3）A． operating B． editing C． consulting D． coaching （4）A． successful B． excellent C． strong D． new （5）A． cheer for B． prepare for C． help with D． finish with （6）A． believe B． agree C． describe D． regret （7）A． realize B． claim C． permit D． demand （8）A． reacting to B． looking for C． depending on D． caring about （9）A． decision B． attitude C． conclusion D． intention （10）A． pride B． culture C． fortune D． relationship （11）A． leaders B． partners C． winners D． learners （12）A． rewards B． vacations C． health D． honor （13）A． risked B． missed C． considered D． practiced （14）A． defeat B． decline C． accident D． mistake （15）A． relax B． improve C． expand D． defend （16）A． shame B． burden C． victory D． favor （17）A． chances B． thrills C． concerns D． offers （18）A． surprise B． serve C． interest D． affect （19）A． encouraged B． observed C． protected D． impressed （20）A． honestly B． individually C． calmly D． differently 第二部分：阅读理解（每小题2.5分，满分50 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项． 17．（12.5分） A Fire Prevention Information The University of Adelaide employs a full﹣time staff of fire prevention professionals． They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler（喷水灭火装置） systems，fire alarms，and fire extinguishers（灭火器）． They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls． Whenever you move to a new area， you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room． Fire Alarms The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual（手动的）fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes． Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors， smoke detectors and sprinklers． For your safety，never tamper with（胡乱摆弄） these systems． False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment． Fire Drills A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester． During a fire drill，please do the following： •Take your room key and ID，close and lock the door to your room． •Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit；do not use a lift． •Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions． Fire Extinguishers Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment． Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so． Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property． Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines． Smoke Detectors A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room． Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings． Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector： •If your smoke detector is working properly， the red light should be on． If the red light is not blinking（闪动）， contact residence hall staff immediately． •Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way． •If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke， inform your hall staff． （1）What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals？　 　 A． To provide part﹣time jobs for students． B． To lead the students to the nearest exits． C． To check and maintain fire prevention equipment． D． To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals． （2）What do the automatic fire alarm systems include？　 　 A． Pipes and smoke detectors． B． Smoke detectors and sprinklers． C． Fire alarm pull stations and pipes． D． Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations． （3）In a fire drill， the students should　 　． A． rush quickly to a lift B． gather at the nearest exit C． shut the door and leave at once D． wait for instructions in the hall （4）What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers？　 　 A． Using them wrongly results in punishment． B． Irresponsible use of them can damage them． C． Improper use of them can destroy the apartment． D． Using them without a trainer present is forbidden． （5）To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector， one should　 　． A． contact the hall staff regularly B． cover the things that burn easily C． start the smoke detector in a fire D． make certain the red light is working 18．（12.5分） B When I was 17， I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay， once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay． She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death． On a sunny Saturday， Sally and I drove over to the museum． She asked， "Do you have the address？ ""No， but I'll recognize it， there was a picture in the magazine． "Oh， stop． There it is！" The museum was free． We entered， excited． A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us． "May I help you？" a man asked． "No， "I said． "we're fine．" Tour guides got on my nerves． What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in？ Sally had gone upstairs． The people in the hall seemed very nosy（爱窥探的）， keeping their eyes on me with curiosity． What was their problem？ I saw some nice sculptures in one room． Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me． "Where do you think you are？" he asked． I turned sharply． "The McNay Art Museum！" He smiled， shaking his head． "Sorry， the McNay is on New Braunfels Street． ""what's this place？" I asked， still confused． "Well， it' s our home．"My heart jolted（震颤），I raced to the staircase and called out，" Sally! Come down immediately! "There' s some really good stuff（艺术作品） up there．" She stepped down， looking confused． I pushed her toward the front door， waving at the family， saying， "Sorry， please forgive us， you have a really nice place． "Outside， when I told Sally what happened， she covered her mouth， laughing． She couldn't believe how long they let us look around without saying anything． The real McNay was splendid， but we felt nervous the whole time we were there． Van Gogh， Picasso． This time， we stayed together， in case anything else unusual happened． Thirty years later， a woman approached me in a public place． "Excuse me， did you ever enter a residence， long ago， thinking it was the McNay Museum？" "Yes． But how do you know？ We never told anyone．" "That was my home． I was a teenager sitting in the hall． Before you came over， I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in． I never felt lucky before． You thought it was a museum． My feelings about my home changed after that． I've always wanted to thank you．" （1）What do we know about Marian McNay？　 　 A． She was a painter． B． She was a community leader． C． She was a museum director． D． She was a journalist． （2）Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house？　 　 A． She disliked people who were nosy． B． She felt nervous when talking to strangers． C． She knew more about art than the man． D． She mistook him for a tour guide． （3）How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall？　 　 A． Puzzled． B． Concerned． C． Frightened． D． Delighted． （4）Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words？　 　 A． The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her． B． She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum． C． The McNay was disappointing compared with the house． D． The event happening in the house was more significant． （5）What could we learn from the last paragraph？　 　 A． People should have good taste to enjoy life． B． People should spend more time with their family． C． People tend to be blind to the beauty around them． D． People tend to educate teenagers at a museum． 19．（12.5分） C There's a new frontier in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus： food． Recent development has made possible machines that print， cook， and serve foods on a mass scale． And the industry isn't stopping there． Food production With a 3D printer， a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake． Not everybody can do that﹣it takes years of experience， but a printer makes it easy． A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to "re﹣create forms and pieces" of food that are "exactly the same，" freeing cooks to complete other tasks． In another restaurant， all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D﹣printed， rather than farm to table． Sustainability（可持续性） The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050， and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels． Sustainability is becoming a necessity． 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution． Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids（水解胶体）from plentiful renewables like algae（藻类） and grass to replace the familiar ingredients（烹饪原料）． 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions． Grocery stores of the future might stock "food" that lasts years on end， freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements． Nutrition Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier． Hod Lipson， a professor at Columbia University， said， "Food printing could allow consumer to print food with customized nutritional content， like vitamins． So instead of eating a piece of yesterday 's bread from the supermarket， you'd eat something baked just for you on demand．" Challenges Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing，the industry has many challenges to overcome． Currently， most ingredients must be changed to a paste（糊状物）before a printer can use them， and the printing process is quite time﹣consuming， because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways． On top of that， most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients，because meat and milk products may easily go bad． Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers， believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high﹣end restaurants． （1）What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production？　 　 A． It helps cooks to create new dishes． B． It saves time and effort in cooking． C． It improves the cooking conditions． D． It contributes to restaurant decorations． （2）What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3？　 　 A． It solves food shortages easily． B． It quickens the transportation of food． C． It needs no space for the storage of food． D． It uses renewable materials as s