2011年高考英语真题（天津自主命题）（解析版）.doc

2011年天津市高考英语试卷解析版 参考答案与试题解析 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1．（1分）We feel our duty to make our country a better place．（　　） A．it B．this C．that D．one 【考点】GF：it 的用法．菁优网版权所有 【分析】我们感觉使我们的国家变成一个更好的地方是我们的责任． 【解答】答案：A．题干中动词feel的真正宾语是不定式to make our country a better place，it作形式宾语，代替此不定式，our duty作宾语补足语，构成"动词+it+n．+to do"．故选A． 【点评】此题考查it作形式宾语．it作形式宾语常用的结构如下：①feel/make/think/find/consider+it+n．/adj．/介词短语+to do②enjoy/like/love/dislike/hate+it+when﹣从句③appreciate it+if﹣从句④rely on/depend on/count on/see to it+that﹣从句 2．（1分）Just a moment．I haven't finished packing my suitcase． ．It's high time we left for the airport．（　　） A．Go ahead B．Take it easy C．Hurry up D．That's fine 【考点】JI：语言交际．菁优网版权所有 【分析】﹣﹣稍等一会儿．我还没有装好旅行箱． ﹣﹣快点．快到我们去飞机场的时间了． 【解答】答案C．由空后的"快到我们去飞机场的时间了．"可知此处应该催促对方抓紧时间．Go ahead．"干吧，继续，开始"；Take it easy．"放松点，别紧张"；Hurry up．"快点，赶快"；That's fine．"没事，没关系"．所以应该选择C． 【点评】做这类题目，要根据选项的意义、用法及句意来做出正确的选择和判断． 3．（1分）In the last few years thousands of films all over the word．（　　） A．have produced B．have been produced C．are producing D．are being produced 【考点】F2：现在完成时的被动语态．菁优网版权所有 【分析】在过去的几年里，全世界拍摄了成千上万部电影． 【解答】答案：B 由"in the last few years"可知，句子应该用现在完成时．又由于films和produce之间是被动关系，故应该用现在完成时的被动语态．A、C项是主动语态；D项是现在进行时的被动语态，故都应该排除．B项符合题意， 故选：B． 【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态，主要根据时间状语判断时态，然后再看句子的主语和动词之间是主动还是被动关系即可． 4．（1分）On the next birthday．Ann married for twenty years．（　　） A．is B．has been C．will be D．will have been 【考点】EB：将来完成时．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：到下一个生日，安将已经结婚20年了． 【解答】答案：D On the next birthday，是将来的时间； for twenty years是现在完成时的时间状语，所以用will have done表示到将来某一段时间已经完成的事．根据句意：到下一个生日，安将已经结婚20年了．故选D． 【点评】本题考查将来完成时的用法，答题时要注意时间状语的暗示． 5．（1分） regular exercise is very important．It's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime．（　　） A．It B．As C．Although D．Unless 【考点】92：从属连词．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：尽管定期锻炼很重要，但睡觉前锻炼不是一个好主意． 【解答】答案C． A选项"它（代词）"； B选项"作为；因为；随着；一边…一边；正如（通常可引导时间、方式、原因等状语从句）"； D选项"如果不；除非（引导条件状语从句）"； C选项"虽然，尽管（引导让步状语从句）"； 根据句意"尽管定期锻炼很重要"可推知这里是由although引导的让步状语从句，故选C，其他选项均不符合句意． 【点评】本题考查状语从句中连词的辨析．解答此类题目首先要理解题干的意思，其次要知道各选项的意思，然后依次把各个选项意思放入句子根据语境，不难选出正确答案．关键还是在平时学习的过程中，多积累多总结多记忆． 6．（1分）I a bank account after I made﹩1 000 by doing a part﹣time job during the summer vacation．（　　） A．borrowed B．opened C．entered D．ordered 【考点】A8：实义动词．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：在我暑假兼职赚了1000美元后，我在银行开了一个账户． 【解答】答案B A项意为"借"；B项意为"开办，开"；C项意为"进入"；D项意为"命令，订购"．bank account应该与动词open搭配合适．故选B项． 【点评】考查动词词义辨析．只要认识动词并能正确理解句意即可． 7．（1分）Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane．（　　） A．to carry B．carrying C．to be carried D．being carried 【考点】BA：不定式．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：旅客只可以随身携带一件行李登机． 【解答】答案A． 根据短语permit sb to do sth 的被动语态sb be permitted to do sth 允许某人做某事．可知本题选A． 故选：A． 【点评】本题考查固定短语的用法，学生要掌握permit的相关用法． 8．（1分）She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping att the department store．（　　） A．turned down B．dealt with C．took after D．came across 【考点】A9：动词短语．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：她昨天在商场购物时邂逅了一位老朋友． 【解答】答案D．A项turn down表示"拒绝；关小，调小"； B 项deal with表示"处理；涉及"；C项took after表示"照顾"；D项come across表示"偶遇"；根据句意，D项与题意相符．故答案选D． 【点评】本题考查动词短语的用法．难度适中．解答此类题目需要正确理解语境，熟悉每个选项中动词短语的意思．平时要加强背诵短语的意义及用法． 9．（1分）The young man couldn't afford a new car、 _______，he bought a used one．（　　） A．Besides B．Otherwise C．Instead D．Still 【考点】91：并列连词．菁优网版权所有 【分析】这个年轻人买不起新车，就买了一辆二手车． 【解答】A．besides 此外，B．otherwise 否则，C．instead 相反．D．still仍旧，根据句意，前后为转折关系，故选C 【点评】考查副词含义，根据句子含义选择正确答案 10．（1分）The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living．（　　） A．when B．that C．where D．which 【考点】7A：关系副词；H1：限制性定语从句．菁优网版权所有 【分析】仅以体力来谋生的日子已经一去不复返了． 【解答】答案A．本题是定语从句，先行词是the days，从句中不缺少主宾表定，所以用关系副词，where表地点，与题意不符，故选A． 【点评】解答这类题型，要分析从句中句子成分是否齐全，如果齐全就用关系副词when、why、where，再根据先行词来确定． 11．（1分）He was a good student and scored _________ average in most subjects．（　　） A．below B．of C．on D．above 【考点】82：方位介词．菁优网版权所有 【分析】他是好学生，所以分数肯定在平均分之上． 【解答】答案D．选项 A在…之下，选项 B．…的，选项C在上面，选项D在…上方、高于．根据句意为在平均分之上，故选D． 【点评】对介词的选择，可以结合句意以及介词本身的意义、用法来进行判断． 12．（1分）______ into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order．（　　） A．Translating B．Translated C．To translate D．Having translated 【考点】BB：过去分词；HG：条件状语从句．菁优网版权所有 【分析】当被译成英语时，这些句子被发现有完全不同的语序． 【解答】答案B 句子的主语the sentence和translate之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词作状语．相当于一个时间状语从句：When it is translated into… 【点评】考查分词作状语．主要看句子的主语和分词之间是主动还是被动关系即可．主动关系就用现在分词；被动关系就用过去分词． 13．（1分）Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases．（　　） A．what B．which C．that D．where 【考点】58：连接代词；HE：同位语从句．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：现代科学已经给出明显证据，吸烟会导致许多疾病． 【解答】答案C． 根据句意：______ smoking can lead to many diseases吸烟会导致许多疾病是evidence的内容，是同位语从句，这句话又是一个完整的句子，故用that做连接词，只起连接的作用，不做任何成分，也不可以省略．故选C． 【点评】本题考查同位语从句中that做连接词的用法，要分析句子的成分并结合具体的语境选择出正确选项． 14．（1分）﹣﹣﹣I need to advertise for a roommate for next term． ﹣﹣﹣________？Mary is interested．（　　） A．Why bother B．Why not C．So what D．What for 【考点】JI：语言交际．菁优网版权所有 【分析】我要登广告在下学期找一个室友．﹣﹣没有必要．玛丽有兴趣（合住）． 【解答】答案A． 选项A Why bother的意思是何苦呢，何必呢； 选项B Why not的意思是为什么不呢？表赞成，同意． 选项C So what？的意思是那又怎么样？； 选项D What for的意思是为什么呢？根据语境及句意，应该选择A． 【点评】做这类题目，要根据选项的意义、用法及句意来做出正确的选择和判断． 15．（1分）I ______ sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me．（　　） A．had come B．was coming C．would come D．would have come 【考点】GJ：虚拟语气．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：我本来可以早一点来，但我过去真不知道他们正在等我． 【解答】答案D．由but I didn't know that they were waiting for me 可知"我"事实上并没有早点来，因此可推知第一句应该是一个虚拟语气的句子．因为讲述的是过去的事情，所以句子应借助于"would+have+过去分词"的形式．本句可以理解为：I would have come sooner if I had known that they were waiting for me．故选D． 【点评】本题考查虚拟语气．解答此类题目首先根据上下文语境找到隐藏的条件，转换成if条件句中的虚拟语气来理解，然后判断是对哪种情况的虚拟，从而来确定谓语动词的形式． 第二节：完形填空（共1小题：每小题1.5分，满分1.5分） 16．（30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后次哦能够16～35各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项． A Love Note To My Mom When I was a little girl，would often accompany you as you modeled for fashion photographers．It was years later that finally understood what role modeling （16）　B　in your life．Little did I known you were（17）　A　every penny you earned to go to（18）　C　school． I cannot thank you enough for（19）　A　you told me one autumn afternoon when I was nine．After finishing my homework．I wanted into the dining where you were buried（20）　D　piles of law books．I was（21）　C　．Why were you doing what I do﹣memorizing textbooks and studying for（22）　B　？When you said you were in law school，I was more puzzled．I didn't known．Moms （23）　D　be lawyers too．You smiled and said，"In life，you can do anything you want to do．" As young as I was，that statement kept（24）　A　 in my ears．I watched as you faced the （25）　C　 of completing your studies，staring companies with Dad，while still being a （26）　D　 and a Mom if five kids．I was exhausted just watching you （27）　B　．With your words of wisdom in my（28）　C　 mind，I suddenly felt unlimited freedom to dream．My whole world （29）　D　．I set out to live my life filled with （30）　A　，seeing endless possibilities for personal and professional achievements． Your words became my motto．I （31）　A　 found myself in the unique position of being either the first （woman doctor in Maryland Rotary）（32）　C　 one of the few women （chief medical reporters） in my field．I gained strength every time I said，"Yes，I'll try that．" Encouraged by your （33）　B　，I have forged ahead （毅然前行） with my life's journey，less afraid to make mistakes，and （34）　D　 meeting each challenge．You did it，and now I'm （35）　A　 it．Sorry，got to run．So much to do，so many dreams to live． 16．A．found B．play C．kept D．provided 17．A．saving B．making C．donating D．receiving 18．A．business B．fashion C．law D．medical 19．A．what B．that C．which D．where 20．A．at B．to C．upon D．under 21．A．amused B．worried C．puzzled D．disappointed 22．A．role B．tests C．positions D．shows 23．A．must B．ought to C．need D．could 24．A．ringing B．blowing C．falling D．beating 25．A．choices B．chances C．challenges D．changes 26．A．professor B．doctor C．reporter D．model 27．A．in danger B．in action C．in trouble D．in charge 28．A．weak B．powerful C．youthful D．empty 29．A．came back B．closed down C．went by D．opened up 30．A．hope B．hardship C．harmony D．sadness 31．A．constantly B．shortly C．hardly D．nearly 32．A．and B．but C．or D．for 33．A．description B．statement C．praise D．introduction 34．A．secretly B．curiously C．carelessly D．eagerly 35．A．doing B．considering C．correcting D．reading． 【考点】L1：记叙文．菁优网版权所有 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文．文章是一个女孩给她母亲的一封信．感谢她一直以来做好女孩的榜样以及激励女孩的话语，使女孩在生活学习中不断的战胜困难，取得进步． 【解答】答案：16﹣20 BACAD 21﹣25CBDAC 26﹣30 DBCDA 31﹣35 ACBDA 16．B．考查动词辨析．由语境可知作者一直以妈妈作为她的榜样．play the role扮演的角色． 17．A．考查动词辨析．节约挣的每分钱去学校读书．选A．saving节约． 18．C．考查名词辨析．由后文暗示前文．piles of law books 以及when you said you were in law school可以得到暗示． 19．A．考查从句．是tell的宾语，选what． 20．D．考查介词辨析．在餐厅吃饭时，作者的母亲还在埋头看法律书．under piles of law books在成堆的法律书下． 21．C．考查形容词辨析．由后文暗示前文．I was more puzzled． 22．B．考查名词辨析．作者的母亲在学校读书．由常识可知是为了考试．所以才在餐厅吃饭时，还埋头读书． 23．D．考查情态动词辨析．can用在肯定句中表示客观的或一时的可能性．意思是"有时会，可能"． 24．A．考查动词辨析．母亲的话在小女孩的耳边回响．ring in the ear． 25．C．考查名词辨析．面对学习上竞争的挑战． 26．D．考查名词辨析．语境推理，上文暗示，小女孩一直以她妈妈为榜样． 27．B．考查动词辨析．母亲对自己的要求很高，女孩以母亲为榜样，当她松懈时，看到母亲的行动．inaction行动． 28．C．考查形容词辨析．上文暗示，As young as I was． 29．D．考查动词短语辨析．根据上文我突然感到无限的自由的梦想．我的整个世界被打开了． 30．A．考查名词辨析．母亲的行动使女孩我的生活充满了希望，到无尽的可能性，为个人和专业上的卓越成就．hope希望；hardship困难；harmony和谐；sadness悲伤． 31．A．考查副词辨析．母亲的话成了女孩的座右铭．女孩在学习生活中不断的反思自己，激励自己取得进步．constantly不断的． 32．C．考查逻辑．由前后句的句子关系为平行关系，表示或者的意思． 33．B．考查名词辨析．由上文暗示，As young as I was，that statement． 34．D．考查副词辨析．母亲的激励的话，让女孩在生活学习中毅然前行，急切的面对每一个挑战． 35．A．考查动词辨析．do it做事情． 【点评】解答此类题目可遵循以下步骤：第一步，通读全文，了解文章大意，获得整体印象，同时初选出一批较有把握的答案．第二步，边核对初选答案边补填留下的空格．如果短文难度较大，则可复读几遍，核对和确定答案．有些空一时决定不了，可作个记号，待复查时再确定． 第三步，复查定稿．从整体理解角度出发，仔细审核答案，确保意义上、语法上没有错误，同时对遗留下来的少数几个空格作最后选择． 第二部分：阅读理解（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项． 17．（12.5分）Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home． What to Expect The host will provide accommodation and meals．Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week．You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health． Accommodation Zones Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones2，3and of the transport system．Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential（居住的）．Zones3and 4often offer larger accommodation in a less crowned area．It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground． Meal Plans Available ♢Continental Breakfast ♢Breakfast and Dinner ♢Breakfast，Packed Lunch and Dinner It's important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast．Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice，cereal（谷物类食品），bread and tea or coffee．Cheese，fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England．Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by desert，fruit and coffee． Friends If you wish to invite a friend over to visit．you must first ask your host's permission．You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy． Self﹣Catering Accommodation in Private Homes Accommodation on a room﹣only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room．This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestule and is more suitable for the long﹣stay student．However，it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practise English at home quite as much． 36．The passage is probably written for　D　 A．host willing to receive foreign students B．loreigners hoping to build British culture C．travellers planning to vist famlies in London D．English learners applying to like in English homes 37．Which of the following will the host provide？　A　 A．Room cleaning． B．Medical care． C．Free transport． D．Physical trainning． 38．What can be inferred from Paragraph3？　B　 A．Zone 4 is more crowded than Zone 2． B．The business centre of London is in Zone 1． C．Hosts dislike travelling to the city centre． D．Accommodation in the city centre is not provided． 39．According to the passage．What does continental Breakfast include？　C　 A．Dessert and coffee B．Fruit and vegetables． C．bread and fruit juice D．Centre and cold meat． 40．Why do some people choose self﹣catering accommodation？　D　 A．To experience a warmer famliy atmosphere． B．To enrich their knowledge of English． C．To entertain friends as they like． D．To enjoy much more freedom． 【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读；P4：逻辑推理．菁优网版权所有 【分析】本文属于记叙文阅读，主要向我们介绍了寄宿家庭为学习英语的学生提供在课堂外说英语的机会和成为英国家庭成员的体验，文章中详细说明了寄宿家庭的主人为我们提供的服务，以及寄宿需要注意的事项． 【解答】36．D 主旨大意题．由第一段Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home．可知寄宿家庭为学习英语的学生提供在课堂外说英语的机会和成为英国家庭成员的体验．再结合文章的内容可推知这篇文章不是为愿意接受英国学生的主人写的，也不是为那些希望建设英国文化的外国人以及计划参观伦敦家庭的参观者写的．大概是为那些申请在英国人家中居住的英语学习者写的．故选D． 37．A 细节理解题．由第二段Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week．可知主人能够提供打扫房间，每周至少更换一次床单，该段并没有告诉读者主人将为入住者提供医疗护理、免费交通和身体训练，故选A． 38．B 推理判断题．由第三段Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones2，3and of the transport system可知伦敦的商业中心在Zone，因此B正确；误解分析：由第三段Zones3and 4often offer larger accommodation in a less crowned area可知Zone 3和Zone 4不像Zone 2那么拥挤，由此排除A项；Most hosts do not live in the town centre只说明人们不喜欢居住在市中心，并没有说人们不去市中心，由此排除C项；本段只是提到市中心拥挤，并没有说到居住在市中心的家庭不为学生提供食宿，由此排除D项．故选B． 39．C 细节理解题．由第四段中的Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice，cereal，bread and tea or coffee可知欧式早餐包括面包和果汁，故选C． 40．D 细节理解题．由最后一段This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle可知SelfCatering Accommodation 能够为住宿者提供更多的自由，故选D． 【点评】考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断． 18．（12.5分）In the fall of 1985．I was a bright﹣eyed ghl heading off to Howard University，aiming at a legal career and dreaming of sitting on a Supreme Court bench somewhere．Twenty﹣one years later I am later I am still a bright﹣eyed dreamer and one with quite a different tale to tell． My grandma，an amazing woman，graduated from college an the age of 65．She was the first in our family to reach that goal．But one year after I started college，she developed cancer．I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her．It meant that school and my personal dream would have to wait． Then I got married with another dream：building my family with a combination of adopt and biological children．In 1999，we adopted our first son．To lay eyes on him was fantastic﹣﹣﹣and very emotional．A year later came our second adopted boy．Then followed son No.3．In 2003，I gave birth to another boy． You can imagine how fully occupied I became，raising four boys under the age of 81．Our home was a complete zoo﹣﹣﹣a joyous zoo．Not surprising，I never did make it back to college full﹣time．But I never gave up on the dream eith