2020年高考英语真题（天津自主命题）（解析版）（第一次）.docx

绝密★启用前 2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷） 英语笔试（第一次） 本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时 100分钟。第I卷1至10页，第II卷11至12页。 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 祝各位考生考试顺利！ 第I卷 注意事项： 1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 例如: Stand over there ______ you'll be able to see it better. A. or B. and C. but D. while 答案是B。 1. 一You seem to be in a really good mood. — I finished my last test today. ______! Now I'm free. A. What a pity B. What a relief C. I’ve got it D. I’ve missed the point 2. His vivid descriptions of country life quickly became popular, which established his ______ as one of America's greatest writers. A. trust B. contact C. reputation D. theory 3. You ______ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best. A. must B. should C. mustn't D. shouldn't 4. The company is willing to ______ the new technology if it can be shown to reduce production costs. A. look over B. bring in C. put aside D. knock out 5. ______ in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world. A. Having completed B. Being completed C. Completed D. Completing 6. Modem women are energetic, ambitious, and most of all, persistent ______ their goals. A. in pursuit of B. in return for C. in touch with D. in contrast to 7. Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990s, ______ he gave it to his grandson. A. which B. when C. where D. who 8. Don’t be late for the 9:00 meeting because I am ______ I have to catch the 11:00 train. A. on a limited budget B. in high spirits C. on a tight schedule D. in deep doubt 9. —The machine is working again! —Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it ______. A. has been fixed B. is being fixed C. had been fixed D. would be fixed 10. With the widespread use of the Internet, communications across the world have ______ developed over the years. A. steadily B. differently C. independently D. formally 11. A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ______ in favour of the proposal on health care reform. A. is B. are C. was D. were 12. My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish ______ I put my mind to. A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. whichever 13. The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ______ economic growth. A. to be promoted B. being promoted C. promoting D. to promote 14. 一Tim has difficulty in making decisions. 一 ______. He's still hesitating about whether to take the job. A. That’s it B. Give it a try C. It’s settled D. You're kidding me 15. ______ he could give her sympathy, any practical help was almost beyond him. A. If B. Since C. Although D. Until 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16〜35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 For the past ten years, my dad and I have attended the same school — he as an administrator and I as a student. Our relationship, in and out of school, has been totally unpredictable. When I was younger, all that my dad said was doctrine（信条）and anything he did I, __16__, copied. We played games together, and stayed up late reading bedtime stories. I could __17__ my dad taking me to school, running into him __18__ during the day and riding home with him every afternoon. As I grew older, we were not as __19__ as we used to be. He wasn't cool any more. He wore his socks too high, listened to __20__ country music and laughed too loudly in front of my friends. He became a total embarrassment. However, the __21__ that occurred in school were even worse. The worst one happened in seventh grade. My dad came to our New Year party, __22__ as Donald Duck, guitar in hand, singing silly songs. Just kill me! I wanted to run away. This __23__ continued into high school, but we somehow began to find a balance. Things started to __24__ around the time of my l0th-grade physics project. The __25__ was to build a wood bridge with the best strength-to-weight ratio（比率）. All the students and physics teachers __26__. So did my dad, the only administrator! Embarrassed, as usual, I __27__ the scene. __28__, later when I learned from my friends that my dad __29__ all competitors and won everyone's admiration, I found that mixed in with my __30__ was a touch of pride. I had needed someone else to show me what I __31__ in my dad. It wasn't the fact that he'd won; it was more than that. I began to __32__ that we have many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions. No matter how much I had tried to __33__ him, he still influenced me. I feel __34__ to have such an unusual father. The __35__ I have developed with my dad over the years has enabled me to look back and see how I've grown. 16. A. temporarily B. naturally C. originally D. passively 17. A. apply to B. count on C. see off D. pick out 18. A. gradually B. previously C. regularly D. eventually 19. A. close B. reliable C. generous D. confident 20. A. creative B. familiar C. horrible D. live 21. A. failures B. coincidences C. competitions D. disasters 22. A. dressed up B. broken down C. settled down D. signed up 23. A. debate B. party C. progress D. struggle 24. A. happen B. change C. grow D. disappear 25. A. issue B. task C. lesson D. procedure 26. A. participated B. protested C. hesitated D. explored 27. A. fled B. investigated C. pictured D. made 28. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However 29. A. convinced B. defeated C. ignored D. evaluated 30. A. confusion B. encouragement C. embarrassment D. fascination 31. A. recommended B. tolerated C. doubted D. appreciated 32. A. recognize B. demand C. argue D. estimate 33. A. approach B. limit C. resist D. believe 34. A. puzzled B. fortunate C. concerned D. awkward 35. A. strategy B. habit C. relationship D. potential 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Your student ID card identifies you as a student at the University of Bolton. It will provide you with access to University facilities such as University Libraries, Sports Centre, and Computing Services. Please carry your card with you at all times. Do not lose your card or lend it to others. Your card is valid during the whole time of your studies. It remains the property （财产）of the University of Bolton at all times. New students—photographs You will be requested to upload a passport sized photograph as part of the online registration process. This should be a .jpg file with a size of no more than 1 MB. Your photograph should be a portrait image in proportion（比例）to a 6"x4" portrait photograph. It should be taken in colour and must not have been beautified with image filters（滤光镜）. Your student ID card will be provided to you by your department during Welcome Week. Please be aware that you will not receive this smart card during Welcome Week if you do not upload your image online by 4 September 2020. Replacement cards If your student ID card no longer works or has been damaged, or if you have changed your personal or programme details, you should call into the Student Administration Centre （SAC） to request a new one. Please ensure that you bring your existing card with you. Your replacement card will be produced free of charge. If your card has been reported to the Police as stolen, please also call into the SAC to request a replacement, bringing with you a copy of your Police Crime Report paperwork. Your card will be produced free of charge. If your card has been lost, a fee of £5 is charged for the production of a replacement card. You are requested to use our online payment service. Note: Replacement cards will be available for you to collect seven working days after making the request. As a security measure, you are requested to collect your card in person at the SAC. 36. Which of the following is a function of the student ID card? A. To remind students to protect public property. B. To enable students to use resources in the library. C. To help students demonstrate their computer skills. D. To provide information about campus facilities. 37. To meet the requirements of the photograph on the student ID card, a new student should upload ______ . A. an image saved as a PDF file B. a colour picture of their passport C. a photo beautified by a photographer D. a portrait photograph of proper proportion 38. In which case does a student have to pay for the replacement of the student ID card? A. The theft of the card has been officially proved. B. The card holder has changed his or her major. C. The card dropped off into a lake by accident. D. The card fails to work properly. 39. To collect your replacement card, you should ______. A. fetch it at the SAC personally B. go through a security check first C. call the police station in advance D. wait for seven days before getting it B One of the most stressful days of Susan McFrederick's life was watching her son get wheeled away for surgery hours after he was born in 2011. But after the operation, Susan burst into tears for a different reason: across the cut on their newborn son's back was a sweet winter scene, hand-drawn on his bandages（绷带）. "There were rolling hills of snow, a pine tree and a snowman with a hat and broom,” she recalled. “It was extremely touching and comforting to know that somebody had taken the time to do that for my family. It was a moment I'll never forget.” Susan soon learned the artist was her son's surgeon, Robert Parry, who discovered another way to use his hands in the mid-1980s during his internship（实习期）at a children's medical center, where he saw one of his colleagues cut out heart and shark shapes to decorate children's bandages. "My first reaction was, 'What is he doing? Hey, that’s kind of neat,'" Parry recalled. “I especially liked the reactions of the parents and the patients when they saw his artwork. The smiles took everyone's attention from the surgery. Then I decided to follow suit.” Parry quickly graduated from his early hearts and sharks, and started to surprise families with drawings that captured young patients’ personalities. From Snoopy to Spider-Man and bears to butterflies, there isn't much he hasn't drawn. Most kids want superheroes, sports team logos or princesses, while babies often receive scenes with flowers, trees and sea creatures. During the last 30 years, Parry estimates he has left examples of his handiwork over the stitches （伤口缝线）of more than 10,000 children. "During a time of stress for families, it's nice to be able to help them smile and laugh," Parry said. "This is something positive that I can do for them, which is what I like most about it." For Parry, the reward is knowing he hopefully made a difference in a child's life, and except for his drawings on bandages, "they can go on and live their lives and never know I was in it,” he said. He's not ready to retire, but he's found a new hobby to keep his hands skillful in the years to come. “I’ve taken up knitting（编织）,” Parry said. "Hats, sweaters, gloves — I enjoy it all. But mostly, I enjoy giving everything away." 40. Susan burst into tears after her baby's operation because she was ______. A. moved B. amused C. stressed D. heartbroken 41. How did Parry get the idea of decorating children's bandages? A. He was motivated by his patients. B. He was inspired by his colleague. C. He was required to learn the skill during his internship. D. He was encouraged by Susan to show his genius for art. 42. Parry's artworks during the last 30 years show that he ______. A. devoted himself more to art than to medicine B. knew more about his patients than their parents C. took into consideration the tastes of individual patients D. created a large number of works beyond his expectations 43. What does Parry expect to achieve with his artworks? A. To get a reward from the artistic circle. B. To win the admiration of his colleagues. C. To make a difference in his dull medical career. D. To lift the spirits of his patients and their parents. 44. What can we learn about Parry from the last two paragraphs of the passage? A. He is eager to show others his new skills. B. He enjoys trying new ways to help others. C. He is looking forward to life after retirement. D. He is more interested in knitting than drawing. C Transport has a lot to answer for when it comes to harming the planet. While cars and trains are moving towards greener, electric power, emissions from air travel are expected to increase massively by 2050. If we want big green sky solutions, we need blue sky thinking. Fortunately, there's plenty of that happening right now, particularly the short-haul flights powered by batteries. Harbour Air is the largest seaplane airline in North America, flying 30,000 commercial flights in 40 seaplanes each year. Significantly, all Harbour Air routes last less than 30 minutes, making it perfectly fit for electric engines. "As an airline, we're currently in the process of turning all our planes into electric airplanes,” says CEO Greg McDougall. To make this happen, the airline has partnered up with MagniX to create the world's first commercial flight with an electric engine. Making the skies electric isn't just good for the environment, it also makes sound financial sense: a small aircraft uses $400 on conventional fuel for a 100-mile flight, while an electric one costs $8-12 for the same distance, and that's before you factor in the higher maintenance costs of a traditional engine. There's also the added bonus that electric planes are just much more pleasant to fly in. No loud engine noise, no smell of fuel, just environmentally friendly peace and quiet. While there has been real progress in the e-plane industry, the technical challenges that remain are keeping everyone's feet firmly on the ground. A battery, even a lithium one, only provides 250 watt-hours per kilogram; compare this to liquid fuel, which has a specific energy of 11,890 watt-hours per kilogram. Carrying adequate batteries, however, would make the plane too heavy to get off the ground. In aircraft, where every bit of weight counts, this can't just be ignored. The transition（过渡）from gas to electric in the automobile industry has been made easier by hybrids — vehicles powered by both fuel and electricity. Many believe the same pattern could be followed in the air. Fuel consumption could be reduced as the electric component is switched on at key parts of the journey, especially on take-off and landing. It's certainly an exciting time for electric flying. With companies like Harbour Air taking the lead, battery-powered pl