2019年高考英语真题（天津自主命题）（原卷版）.doc

2019年天津市高考英语试卷 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．例：Stand over there ______you'll be able to see it better.A.or B. and C. but D. while答案是B． 1．（1分）﹣I guess you want to go play tennis． ﹣________． That's exactly what I was thinking too．（　　） A．I didn't get it B．It's up to you C．You never know D．You read my mind 2．（1分）I________to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage， but I couldn't manage it．（　　） A．had hoped B．am hoping C．have hoped D．would hope 3．（1分）A study shows the students who are engaged in after﹣school activities are happier than________who are not．（　　） A．ones B．those C．these D．them 4．（1分）_________to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future．（　　） A．Learn B．Learned C．Learning D．Having learned 5．（1分）________all the problems， several of the players produced excellent performances．（　　） A．According to B．Instead of C．In addition to D．In spite of 6．（1分）﹣My son got a full scholarship to his dream university! ﹣Wow，________! What's he going to study？（　　） A．good for him B．go for it C．what a coincidence D．all the best 7．（1分）We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a（n） ________on our lives in many ways．（　　） A．statement B．impact C．impression D．judgment 8．（1分）Amy， as well as her brothers，________a warm welcome when returning to the village last week．（　　） A．is given B．are given C．was given D．were given 9．（1分）Kate heard a man's voice in the background， but she couldn't________what he was saying．（　　） A．set aside B．take back C．make out D．keep off 10．（1分）Most colleges now offer first﹣year students a course specially________to help them succeed academically and personally．（　　） A．designed B．designing C．to design D．being designed 11．（1分）Their child is at the stage_______she can say individual words but not full sentences．（　　） A．why B．where C．which D．what 12．（1分）The professor warned the students that on no account________use mobile phones in his class．（　　） A．should they B．they should C．dare they D．they dare 13．（1分）Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion________he wants their support．（　　） A．since B．once C．unless D．after 14．（1分）The workers were not better organized， otherwise they________the task in half the time．（　　） A．accomplished B．had accomplished C．would accomplish D．would have accomplished 15．（1分）A dog's eating habit requires regular training before it is________established．（　　） A．properly B．widely C．originally D．temporarily 第二节：完形填空（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16〜35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项． 16．（30分）I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night， when fear seized me． My wallet was gone． I could only have left it on the G9 bus， which was now speeding in the dark to some（1）　 　station． The（2）　 　moment was quickly followed by mental math． How much time and money would it cost to replace the（3）　 　of that little wallet？ The credit cards， the driver's license， the cash， all lost to the bus． Two hours later， back at my house，I heard a knock on the door． My husband（4）　 　it while I was on the phone in the dining room． "Does Jennifer live here？" I heard a lady say． In my husband's hand was my wallet， with not a penny（5）　 　． She left before I could （6）　 　 make it to the door to offer my thanks． After sharing the story online， I heard from someone，who（7）　 　the lady as Erin Smith． Without（8）　 　，I called to thank her． She said she （9）　 　my wallet on a bus seat． She （10）　 　that going to a stranger's house was a（11）　 　 move， but she decided to take the chance． "If I were in that（12）　 　． I would want someone to try to find me，"she said． This one stranger responded beautifully to my small （13）　 　， but she actually wasn't the only one． Right after Erin （14）　 　 my wallet on the bus， she posted a picture of my driver's license to an online forum （论坛），trying to see（15）　 　anyone knew me． No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my son's nursery and who recognized my face． I've never（16）　 　words with those moms beyond small talk， but they wanted to help． I read that people are more divided than ever， but that's not how the people I（17）　 　tend to act． （18）　 　， I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger． Erin had gone（19）　 　what almost anyone would have done， finding my house on a bitterly cold night and for that I was extremely（20）　 　． （1）A．accessible B．hidden C．unknown D．convenient （2）A．face﹣saving B．brain﹣washing C．eye﹣catching D．heart﹣stopping （3）A．parts B．contents C．details D．ingredients （4）A．ignored B．answered C．examined D．interrupted （5）A．missing B．returned C．remaining D．abandoned （6）A．still B．ever C．yet D．even （7）A．selected B．appointed C．identified D．defined （8）A．delay B． alarm C． regret D．invitation （9）A．moved B． placed C． opened D．spotted （10）A．disagreed B． complained C． calculated D．recommended （11）A．selfless B． risky C． slow D．personal （12）A．site B． direction C． situation D．atmosphere （13）A．crisis B． danger C． threat D．failure （14）A．got rid of B． made use of C．had control of D． took possession of （15）A．if B． where C． how D．when （16）A．recalled B． exchanged C． repeated D．whispered （17）A．encounter B． follow C． consult D．accompany （18）A．Going away B． Turning around C． Looking back D．Coming along （19）A．into B． against C． over D．beyond （20）A．longing B． enthusiastic C． concerned D．grateful 第二部分：阅读理解（每小题2.5分，满分50.0分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项． 17．（12.5分） History Fair Competition Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation． History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past． It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become． Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting， engaging， and fun! This Year's Theme All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history． To many people，technology means computers， hand﹣held devices， or vehicles that travel to distant planets． However， technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem， touching lives in countless ways． Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories： •Performance •Documentary （纪实作品） •Essay Writing Category Requirements Performance： A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long． If special clothes are used， they should truly represent a given period． Documentary： A visual presentation （such as a video， slide show， or computer project） no more than 10 minutes long． A desktop computer， screen， projector， and loudspeakers will be available． Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday， March 23． Essay Writing： An academic paper of 2，000 to 2，500 words． No illustrations （图解） are allowed． Please do not include covers． A list of references must be included． Important Dates January 5 Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher． The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off﹣topic or unclear． February 5 Submit a first draft of your essay， performance script （剧本），or documentary highlights． February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions．Students then have an opportunity to improve their products． March 9 Submit a final draft of your essay． March 15 Performance and documentary committee preview March 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition 7：00 A．M． ﹣ 9：00 A．M． Participants signing in at the gym 10：00 A．M． ﹣ 6：00 P．M． Competition and judges' review 7：00 P．M． Awards ceremony and picnic （1）According to Paragraph 1， what is the major goal of understanding history？　 　 A．To preserve national traditions． B．To prepare for a history competition． C．To better know the present and future． D．To further explore historical mysteries． （2）What is the theme of this year's competition？　 　 A．Technology advances science． B．Science interacts with technology． C．Science has made the study of history easy． D．Technology has improved the life of Americans． （3）Among the items provided by the school for a visual presentation are　 　． A．special clothes and a screen B．a desktop computer and a CD C．a projector and special clothes D．a desktop computer and loudspeakers （4）What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1，500 words to meet the category requirement？　 　 A．Include more information in the essay． B．Remove the references． C．Provide a cover for the essay． D．Explain the details with illustrations． （5）What will the committee of teachers do on February 19？　 　 A．Preview performances and documentaries． B．Make comments on the materials． C．Improve the participant's first draft． D．Collect a second proposal from the participant． 18．（12.5分）I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books． There was not one night that I don't remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside． I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded． I always wanted to know what my mom was reading． Hearing mom say，"I can't believe what's printed in the newspaper this morning，" made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself． I wanted to be like my mom and know all of the things she knew． So I carried around a book， and each night， just to be like her， I would pretend to be reading． This is how everyone learned to read． We would start off with sentences， then paragraphs， and then stories． It seemed an unending journey， but even as a six﹣year﹣old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors． When mom said， "The C﹣A﹣N﹣D﹣Y is hidden on the top shelf，" I knew where the candy was． My progress in reading raised my curiosity， and I wanted to know everything． I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly， so that I could read all of the road signs we passed． Most of my reading through primary， middle and high school was factual reading． I read for knowledge， and to make A's on my tests． Occasionally， I would read a novel that was assigned， but I didn't enjoy this type of reading． I liked facts， things that are concrete． I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument． Yet， now that I'm growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex， I find myself needing a way to escape． By opening a novel， I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character． In these worlds I can become anyone． I don't have to write down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this． I just read to relax． We're taught to read because it's necessary for much of human understanding． Reading is a vital part of my life． Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning． And I've found that the possibilities that lie within books are limitless． （1）Why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of mom's hands？　 　 A．She wanted mom to read the news to her． B．She was anxious to know what had happened． C．She couldn't wait to tear the newspaper apart． D．She couldn't help but stop mom from reading． （2）According to Paragraph 3， the author's reading of road signs indicates　 　． A．her unique way to locate herself B．her eagerness to develop her reading ability C．her effort to remind mom to obey traffic rules D．her growing desire to know the world around her （3）What was the author's view on factual reading？　 　 A．It would help her update test﹣taking skills． B．It would allow much room for free thinking． C．It would provide true and objective information． D．It would help shape a realistic and serious attitude to life． （4）The author takes novel reading as a way to　 　． A．explore a fantasy land B．develop a passion for learning C．learn about the adult community D．get away from a confusing world （5）What could be the best title for the passage？　 　 A．The Magic of Reading B．The Pleasure of Reading C．Growing Up with Reading D．Reading Makes a Full Man 19．（12.5分）How does an ecosystem （生态系统）work？ What makes the populations of different species the way they are？ Why are there so many flies and so few wolves？ To find an answer， scientists have built mathematical models of food webs， noting who eats whom and how much each one eats． With such models， scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs． Most food webs， for instance， consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones． When a predator （掠食动物）always eats huge numbers of a single prey （猎物），the two species are strongly linked； when a predator lives on various species， they are weakly linked． Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term． If a predator can eat several species， it can survive the extinction （灭绝）of one of them． And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare， the switch allows the original prey to recover． The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction． Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable， where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems． In the 1960s， scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species﹣including species they did not directly attack． And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top﹣down control by top predators to be true． In the ocean， we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale， while on land， we killed off large predators such as wolves． These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance． Scientists have built an early﹣warning system based on mathematical models． Ideally， the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline． Prevention is key， scientists say， because once ecosystems pass their tipping point （临界点），it is remarkably difficult for them to return． （1）What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs？　 　 A．The living habits of species in food webs． B．The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems． C．The approaches to studying die species in the ecosystems． D．The differences between weak and strong links in food webs． （2）A strong link is found between two species when a predator　 　． A．has a wide food choice B．can easily find new prey C．sticks to one prey species D．can quickly move to another place