2010年上海高考英语真题及答案.doc

2010年上海高考英语真题及答案 考生注意： 1. 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页）两部分。全卷共13页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。 2. 答第I卷前，考生务必在答题卡和答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名和准考证号，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号和校验码。 3. 第I卷（1-16小题，25-80小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。第I卷中的第17-24小题、81-84小题和第II卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题卡上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。 第I卷 （105分） I. Listening Comprehension II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 25. Sean has formed the habit of jogging the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day. A. between B. along C. below D. with 答案：B 考点：考察介词的用法 解析：，根据句意“Sean已经形成了每天沿着绿荫大道慢跑两小时的习惯”，表示“沿着”时，应该选B。 26. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was journey. A. three hour B. a three-hours C. a three-hour D. three hours 答案：C 考点：此题考查复合形容词 解析：数词+连字符+名词的用法,连字符连接的词作名词定语且用单数。意为“三小时的路程” 27. If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to depend on A. themselves B. them C. us D. ourselves 答案：D 考点：本题考查反身代词 解析：主语为we，因此应为ourselves. depend on oneself:自力更生。根据句意，选D。 28. Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health. A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had 答案：B 考点：本题考查时态。 解析：根据时间状语every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选B。 29. ---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. ---Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 答案：C 考点：本题考查的是虚拟语气 解析：此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做，而未做 30. In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled the local market. A. longer than B. more than C. as much as D. as far as 答案：D 考点：本题考查介词词组。 解析：根据动词travel可判断此处应填关于路程的介词词组，本题即为as far as。as far as远到... 31. The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored 答案：D 考点：本题考查被动语态。 解析：Restore意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选D. 32. I had great difficulty the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. A. find B. found C. to find D. finding 答案：D 考点：固定词组 解析：have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难。 33. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused 答案：A 考点：本题考查非谓语动词。 解析：keep+sb. /sth. +done,根据句意，sb.与它后面的动词成被动关系，故选A. 34. you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem 答案：C 考点：让步状语从句 解析：根据句意“无论你有多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战”，而however表让步时其顺序应是：however + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语。 however做连接副词，相当于no matter how,后接形容词或副词，意为“无论、不管” ，引导让步状语从句，其序为“however+形容词、副词+主语+谓语”。 35. the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached 答案：A 考点：本题考查非谓语动词。 解析：考察现在分词作状语，表示正在进行或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。 36. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. A. that B. how C. what D. why 答案：A 考点：此处考查的是同位语从句。 解析：考察that引导同位语从句的用法。此处that不可以省略。 37. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know . A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering 答案：B 考点：本题考查宾语从句。 解析：which引导的句子做know的宾语，句子用陈述语序。 38. Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 答案：C 考点：此处考查的是介词加疑问词引导从句 解析：考察介词+which的用法。=Wind power is an ancient source of energy which\that we may return to in the near future. 39. our manage objects to Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After 答案：B 考点：连词 解析：此句意思是“除非我们经理反对tom加入俱乐部，不然我们都应接受他成为其中一员。” 40. Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students' bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce 答案：B 考点：此处考查非谓语动词。 解析：此处应该用不定式the way to do sth表示做……的途径、方式。the only way to do……,we can imagine 做定语，前面省略了that. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. additional B. producing C. regular D. predicted E. identified E atmosphere G. matched H. reducing I. carried J. increase Forests in the northern half of the globe could be growing faster now than they were 200 years ago as a result of climate change, according to a study of trees in eastern America. The trees appear to have faster growth rates due to longer growing seasons and higher concentrations (浓度) of carbon dioxide in the ___41___. Geoffrey Parker, a scientist at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Centre in Edgewater. Maryland, said that the increase in the rate of growth was unexpected and might be ___42___ to the higher temperatures and longer growing seasons documented in the region. The growth may also be influenced by the significant ___43___ in atmospheric CO2, he said. "We made a list of reasons these forests could be growing faster and then excluded half of them, " Dr. Parker said. Their study suggests that northern forests may become increasingly important in ___44___ the influence of man-made CO2 on the climate. Dr. Parker and his colleagues have ___45___ out a detailed record of the trees on a(n) ___46___ basis since 1987. They calculated that due to the global warming the forest is producing ___47___ tons of wood each year. The scientists ___48___ the land with trees at different stages of growth and found that both young and old trees were showing increased growth rate. More than 90 per cent of the tree groups had grown by between two and four times faster than the scientists had ___49___ from estimates of the long-term rates of growth. 【解析】41. F. 此句意思是大气中二氧化碳的浓度加深。 42. G. 43. J. 大气中二氧化碳的增加用increase。 44. H. 根据常识，森林的增加有助于减少二氧化碳对天气的影响。 45. I. carry out 实行，实施。 46. C. on a regular basis: 定期的 47. A. 根据文章大意，可知此处应是产生额外的(additional)木材。 48. E. 49. D. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece, If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing ___50___. What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, ___51___ revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process. When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music. The musical had. ___52___ several revisions due, in part, to problems with costuming and makeup (戏服和化妆). For instance, Lloyd Webber ___53___ some of the music because the Phantom's makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds. When you revise, you change aspects of your work in ___54___ to your evolving purpose, or to include ___55___ ideas or newly discovered information. Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. ___56___, it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. Even your decision to ___57___. topics while prewriting is a type of revising. However. don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows ___58___. Always make time to become your own ___59___and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you ___60___ new ideas. Revising involves ___61___ the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more clearly, and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose ___62___ throughout my draft? Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the ___63___ that is, facts, opinions, inferences --- that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many ___64___ details that may confuse readers? 50. A. technique B. style C. process D. career 51. A. in particular B. as a result C. for example D. in other words 52. A. undergone B. skipped C. rejected D. replaced 53. A. rewrote B. released C. recorded D. reserved 54. A. addition B. response C. opposition D. contrast 55. A. fixed B. ambitious C. familiar D. fresh 56. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore 57. A. discuss B. switch C. exhaust D. cover 58. A. drafting B. rearranging C. performing D. training 59. A. director B. master C. audience D. visitor 60. A. personal B. valuable C. basic D. delicate 61. A. mixing B. weakening C. maintaining D. assessing 62. A. amazing B. bright C. unique D. clear 63. A. angles B. evidence C. information D. hints 64. A. unnecessary B. uninteresting C. concrete D. final 【文章大意】修改是作品写作过程中非常重要且必须的步骤。文章讲叙了作品修改的目的和途径。 50.答案：C 考点：本题考查名词辨析 解析：参照下文的“Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”和“However. don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage”。名词technique（技术）、style（风格）、career（事业、生涯）都不符题意。本题难度适中。 51.答案：D 考点：本题考查介词短语辨析 解析：前面adding, deleting, replacing, reordering都是revising的方面，所以revising和这些名词同义；介词短语in other words表示“换句话说”。介词短语in particular（尤其、特别表强调）、as a result（因此，表结果）、for example（例如，表举例说明）都不符题意。本题难度适中。 52.答案：A 考点：本题考查动词辨析 解析：动词skip（跳远）、reject（拒绝、抵制）replace（取代）都不符题意。人们观看的是完美的表演，但表演之前作品经历了（undergo）多次修改，与上段的“Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”对应。本题难度适中。 53.答案：A 考点：本题考查动词辨析 解析：动词release（释放、赦免、发行）、record（记录、录音）、reserve（保留、预订）都不符题意。动词rewrite表示“重写、修改”，与动词revise同义，与本篇文话题相关。本题难度适中。 54.答案：B 考点：本题考查介词短语辨析 解析：介词短语in addition to表示“而且、除…之外还有”，in opposition to表示“与...的意见相反”，in contrast to表示“与...形成对比”，都与本题不符。in response to（作为对┄的反应）在本句表示“你修改作品是对你想改进作品目的的一种回应”本题难。 55.答案：D 考点：本题考查形容词辨析 解析：fresh ideas 与后面的newly discovered information对应。本题难度适中。 56.答案：B 考点：本题考查副词辨析 解析：副词Moreover（而且）类似与but also表递进含义，与前面句not just（only）呼应。副词However（然而，表转折关系）、Instead（作为替代、反而，表相反含义）、Therefore（因此，表原因）都不符题意。本题难度适中。 57.答案：B 考点：本题考查动词辨析 解析：switch topics（变换标题）属于修改作品的一部分。动词discuss（讨论）、exhaust（汲干、使筋疲力尽）、cover（覆盖、包含）都不符题意。本题难度适中。 58.答案：D 考点：本题考查动名词辨析 解析：名词drafting（起草）、rearranging（重新安排）、performing（表演）都与题意不符。名词training.（培训）在本句表示“排练”，与上文dress rehearsals / tryouts同义。本题难。 59.答案：C 考点：本题考查名词辨析 解析：名词audience（观众）与下句view your dress rehearsal对应。名词director（导演）、master（主人、大师）、visitor（来访者）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。 60.答案：B 考点：本题考查形容词辨析 解析：形容词valuable表示“做自己作品的观众能给你有价值的新信息”。形容词personal（个人的）、basic（基本的）、delicate（娇贵的、纤弱的、精美的）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。 61.答案：A 考点：本题考查动词辨析 解析：动词mix在本句表示“修改就是把作品所有方面的有效性和适当性融合在一起”。本题难。 62.答案：D 考点：本题考查形容词辨析 解析：形容词clear在本句表示“我的文章大意或写作意图是否清晰”，与下文confuse readers对应。形容词amazing（令人惊讶的）、bright（明亮的、聪明的）、unique（独特的）都与题意不符。本题难度适中。 63.答案：C 考点：本题考查名词辨析 解析：后句名称facts、opinions、inferences都属于information，与上句newly discovered information对应。本题难度适中。 64.答案：A 考点：本题考查形容词辨析 解析：形容词unnecessary details表示“多余的信息”反而使读者困惑、误导读者。 形容词uninteresting（单调的、乏味的）、concrete（具体的）、final（最终的、决定性的）都与题意不符。本题难。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The elephant was lying heavily on its side, fast asleep. A few dogs started barking at it. The elephant woke up in a terrible anger: it chased the dogs into the village where they ran for safety. That didn't stop the elephant. It destroyed a dozen houses and injured several people. The villagers were scared and angry. Then someone suggested calling Parbati, the elephant princess. Parbati Barua's father was a hunter of tigers and an elephant tamer. He taught Parbati to ride an elephant before she could even walk. He also taught her the dangerous art of the elephant round-up -- how to catch wild elephants. Parbati hasn't always lived in the jungle. After a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to boarding school in the city. But Parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old life. "Life in the city is too dull. Catching elephants is an adventure and the excitement lasts for days after the chase," she says. But Parbati doesn't catch elephants just for fun. "My work," she says, "is to rescue man from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from man." And this is exactly what Parbati has been doing for many years. Increasingly, the Indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land. It is now fighting back. Whenever wild elephants enter a tea garden or a village, Parbati is called to guide the animals back to the jungle before they can kill. The work of an elephant tamer also involves love and devotion. A good elephant tamer will spend hours a day singing love songs to a newly captured elephant. "Eventually they grow to love their tamers and never forget them. They are also more loyal than humans," she said, as she climbed up one of her elephants and sat on the giant, happy animal. An elephant princess indeed! 65. For Parbati, catching elephants is mainly to . A. get long lasting excitement B. keep both man and elephants safe C. send them back to the jungle D. make the angry elephants tame 66. Before Pa