2010年高考英语真题（天津自主命题）（解析版）.doc

2010年天津市高考英语试卷解析版 参考答案与试题解析 第一节：单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．例：Standoverthereyou’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B． 1．（1分）He telephoned the travel agency to three air tickets to London．（　　） A．order B．arrange C．take D．book 【考点】35：名词的词义辨析．菁优网版权所有 【分析】他打电话给旅行社订了三张去伦敦的机票． 【解答】答案；D． order"命令，订购"arrange"安排，布置"；take"拿走，带走"；book"预定"．book和order都表示"预定"，区别在于动宾搭配不同．book一般是订票，座位，房间等．order一般是订货物，菜，衣物等，根据句意，订三张机票，故选D． 【点评】本题考查的是动词词义的辨析，熟悉同义词之间的区别选择出正确选项． 2．（1分）﹣Excuse me，I wonder if you can help me？ ﹣Sure． ？（　　） A．What help B．What is this C．What is it D．What do you want 【考点】JI：语言交际．菁优网版权所有 【分析】﹣﹣打扰一下，我想知道你能否帮我一下？﹣﹣当然可以，什么事？ 【解答】答案C．选项A What help？怎么办？选项B What is this？这是什么？选项C What is it？什么事？选项D What do you want？你想要什么？根据句意故选C． 【点评】本题难度适中．交际用语的考查要放在上下文语境中理解运用，提醒考生平时加强背诵短语的意义及用法．特别留心英语表达习惯与中文表达习惯有较大差异的日常用语． 3．（1分）James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television．（　　） A．room B．area C．field D．position 【考点】35：名词的词义辨析．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：詹姆斯把杂志从小桌子上拿走为电视腾出地方． 【解答】答案：A．make room for"为…腾出地方"；area"面积，地域"；field"田野，领域"；position"位置，职务"．根据句意，詹姆斯从桌上拿走杂志是为电视"腾出地方"． 故选：A． 【点评】本题考查了短语的固定搭配．要熟悉make room for"为…腾出地方"这个短语的使用． 4．（1分）We on this project for four hours．Let's have a rest．（　　） A．are working B．have been working C．worked D．had worked 【考点】EA：现在完成进行时．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：我们一直在做这个项目已4个小时．让我们休息一下吧． 【解答】答案B．句中时间状语"for four hours"通常与现在完成时连用，排除A、C和D选项．分析语境"Let's have a rest"可知，我们一直在做工作，说明"work on the project"动作在过去就已经开始，一直持续到现在，因此用现在完成进行时， 故选：B． 【点评】本题考查时态的用法．解答此类题目的关键是要读懂句意，分析上下文的语境，判断时态，锁定答案． 5．（1分）People have always been about exactly how life on earth began．（　　） A．curious B．excited C．anxious D．careful 【考点】64：形容词词意辨析．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：人们对地球上生命是如何起源的感到很好奇． 【解答】答案：A． curious"好奇的"；excited"兴奋的"；anxious"担忧的，焦虑的"；careful"小心的"．根据句意，人们对生命的起源是感到"好奇"．be curious about"对…好奇"故选A． 【点评】本题考查的是形容词词义的辨析以及固定短语的搭配，如be curious about"对…好奇"． 6．（1分） in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum．（　　） A．Anything B．Nothing C．Everything D．Something 【考点】54：不定代词．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：在我一生中，没有哪件事情可以像我第一次参观故宫一样令我印象深刻． 【解答】答案B．Anything"任何事"，Nothing"没有什么"，Everything"一切"，Something"一些事"．so…as 和…一样，根据句意"没有哪件事情可以像我第一次参观故宫一样令我印象深刻"．故选B． 【点评】本题考查不定代词的用法，要结合具体语境选择正确答案． 7．（1分）﹣Professor Johnson，I'm afraid I can't finish the report within this week． ﹣ ．How about next week？（　　） A．Good for you B．It won't bother me C．Not at all D．That's OK 【考点】JI：语言交际．菁优网版权所有 【分析】﹣﹣约翰孙教授，这周内我恐怕不能完成这个报告．﹣﹣没关系，那下周呢？ 【解答】答案D．选项A Good for you对你有好处；选项B It won't bother me不会打扰到我；选项C Not at all没关系，用于道谢时的答语；选项D That's OK没关系． 故选：D． 【点评】做这类题目，可以通过句意以及选项的意义、用法来作出选择． 8．（1分）Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut？ You should try the barber's I go．It's only $15．（　　） A．as B．which C．where D．that 【考点】7A：关系副词．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意为：﹣﹣你能相信我理发付了30美元吗？﹣﹣你应该到我去的理发店，那里只要15美元． 【解答】答案：C，这里用where 或者 to which． go 在此做不及物动词 缺少介词（to） 所以应该用where，如果把句子改一下the barber做宾语，就用 to which． the barber's （which） I go to，或者the barber's （to which） I go．动词后的介词可以提前． 故选：C． 【点评】选择定语从句的关系词主要是看后面的从句部分是否缺少成分，如果缺少主语、宾语或者表语，一般用关系代词，如果缺少状语，则用关系副词． 9．（1分）Mark have hurried．After driving at top speed．he arrived half an hour early．（　　） A．needn't B．wouldn't C．mustn't D．couldn't 【考点】A6：情态动词．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：马克没必要着急，在全速行驶后，他早到了半个小时． 【解答】答案A．needn't have done表示"本来不必做某事而做了"；would have done用于对过去的事情进行虚拟；mustn't禁止，不能表示推测；must have done过去肯定做了某事；couldn't have done不可能做了某事．根据句意，马克早到了两个小时，说明他"没必要那么着急"，故选A． 【点评】本题是基础题，考查的是情态动词+have done的用法，熟悉相关情态动词的用法并结合句意，才能选择出正确选项． 10．（1分）Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo．（　　） A．are exhibiting B．is exhibiting C．are being exhibited D．is being exhibited 【考点】F6：一般现在时的被动语态．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意为：天津传统民间艺术品，像剪纸，正在2010年上海世博会文化展展出． 【解答】本题考查主谓一致和时态语态．句中的主语为Traditional folk arts，所以谓语动词形式用复数，根据句意"天津传统民间艺术品，像剪纸，正在2010年上海世博会文化展展出"可知用进行时的被动形式． 【点评】考查时态语态以及主谓一致时，要分析主语的单复数，句中所表达的时态，以及主语和谓语动词之间的逻辑关系． 11．（1分）Joining the firm as a clerk，he got rapid promotion，and_________as a manager．（　　） A．ended up B．dropped out C．came back D．started off 【考点】A9：动词短语．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：作为一个职员进入那家公司，他很快得到了提升，最终做了经理． 【解答】答案：A． end up"以..结束"； drop out"退出，退学"； come back"回来"； start off"出发，动身，开始"．根据句意：end up as…最终成为…，他快速得到提升，由职员"最终成为"经理．故选A． 【点评】本题是基础题，考查动词短语以及固定搭配end up as…最终成为…，考生需要熟悉短语的意思并结合具体的语境进行选择． 12．（1分）It rained heavily in the south，_________ serious flooding in several provinces．（　　） A．caused B．having caused C．causing D．to cause 【考点】B3：现在分词．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：南方下了大雨，在几个省区造成严重洪灾． 【解答】答案C．分析句子结构可知，"It rained heavily in the south"是主句， serious flooding in several provinces应该是非谓语动词形式，主句主语"it"与"cause"是主动关系，因此应该用现在分词，故排除A和D项．B项是现在分词的完成式，表示"造成几个省区造成严重洪灾"动作先于"下大雨"，因果关系不符．这里用现在分词的一般式作结果状语，表示由因"rain heavily"造成果"causing serious flooding"，动作同时发生．因此C项符合， 故选：C． 【点评】本题考查非谓动词用法．解答此类题目首先要读懂句意分析句子结构，判断是谓语还是非谓语，如果是分词做状语的时候，看动词与逻辑主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词的形式；如果二者构成被动关系就使用过去分词的形式． 13．（1分）My father warned me going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists．（　　） A．by B．on C．for D．against 【考点】89：其他介词．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意为：我的父亲警告我不要去西部海岸，因为那里有许多旅行者． 【解答】答案：D warn sb of sth警告某人做某事；warn sb against sth/doing sth表示警告某人不要做某事． 故选：D． 【点评】本题难度适中．固定短语是近几年高考的热点，主要考查对于它们不同的意义对应不同的搭配，因此需要考生牢记它们的意义及搭配，分析句意，从而作出正确判断． 14．（1分）As a new graduate，he doesn't know it takes to start a business here．（　　） A．how B．what C．When D．which 【考点】58：连接代词．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意为：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道在这里创业需要具备什么． 【解答】答案B，what it takes to start a business here是what 引出名词从句做know的宾语，而在宾语从句中what作takes的宾语，因为是特殊疑问词，所以在从句中必须放在句首． 【点评】常用的句型：It takes something to do something，意思是做某事需要花费… 15．（1分）John went to the hospital alone． If he me about it，I would have gone with him．（　　） A．should tell B．tells C．told D．had told 【考点】E9：过去完成时．菁优网版权所有 【分析】句意：﹣﹣﹣﹣约翰独自一人去了医院． ﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣如果他早点告诉我，我会与他一起去的． 【解答】答案D．根据句意和语境分析，John独自去医院这个动作"go to the hospital"发生在过去，而如果他之前早点告诉我"tell me about it"应该是发生在"去医院这个动作"之前，即"过去的过去"，因此要用过去完成时． 【点评】本题考查时态的用法．解答此类题目的关键是要读懂句意，分析上下文的语境，判断时态，锁定答案． 第二节：完形填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分1.5分）阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项 16．（30分）Robert Moody，52，is an experienced police officer．Much of his work involves dealing with （16）　drug　an gang （团伙）problems in the schools of his community．Knowing that many kids often （17）　raninto　trouble，he decided to do something about it．So in 1991 he began to invite small groups of kids to go fishing with him on his day （18）　off　． Those fun trips had a（n） （19）　lasting　impact．A chance encounter in 2000proved that．One day，（20）　while　working security at a school basketball game，Moody noticed two young guys （21）　quarreling　．He sensed trouble between them． （22）　Suddenly　one of them headed toward Moody and gave him a hug．"I （23）　remember　you．You took me （24）　fishing　when I was in fifth grade．That was one of the （25）　best　days of my life．" Deeply touched by the boy's word，Moody decided to create a foundation（基金会）that （26）　introduces　teenagers to the basics of fishing in camping programs．"As a policeman，I saw （27）　where　there was violence，drugs were always behind it．They have a damaging （28）　impact　on the kids，"says Moody． By turning kids on to fishing，he （29）　intended　to present an alternative way of life，"When you're sitting there waiting for a （30）　bite　，"he says，"you can't help but talk to each other，and such （31）　conversations　can be pretty deep．" "Talking about drugs helped prepare me for the peer（同龄人）pressures in high school，"says Michelle，17who （32）　participatedin　the first program．"And I was able to help my little brother （33）　avoid　drugs．" Moody faces 34in three years，when he hopes to run the foundation full﹣time．"I'm living a happy life and I have a responsibility to my 35to give back，"Moody says．"If I teach a kid to fish today，he can teach his brother to fish tomorrow．" 16．A．drinking B．drug C．security D．smoking 17．A．ran into B．got over C．left behind D．looked into 18．A．ahead B．away C．off D．out 19．A．immediate B．damaging C．limited D．lasting 20．A．once B．while C．since D．until 21．A．quarreling B．complaining C．talking D．cheering 22．A．Slowly B．Suddenly C．Finally D．Secretly 23．A．understand B．hear C．see D．remember 24．A．fishing B．sailing C．boating D．swimming． 25．A．quietest B．longest C．best D．busiest 26．A．connects B．introduces C．reduces D．commits 27．A．where B．unless C．as D．whether 28．A．impression B．burden C．decision D．impact 29．A．asked B．intended C．pretended D．agreed 30．A．solution B．change C．bite D．surprise 31．A．concerns B．interests C．conversations D．emotions 32．A．participated in B．worked out C．approved of D．made up 33．A．misuse B．avoid C．tolerate D．test 34．A．unemployment B．challenge C．competition D．retirement 35．A．team B．school C．family D．community． 【考点】L1：记叙文．菁优网版权所有 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文．一位有经验的警察罗伯特穆迪，利用业余时间和管辖区校园内的问题少年（主要是吸毒和流氓团伙）结伴钓鱼，创立野营基金会，锻炼孩子们的耐心和责任感，培养人际交往等，使得孩子们逐渐远离了毒品，最后形成良性循环，互相影响，走上正途． 【解答】16．B 考查名词辨析． 根据下文的drugswere always behind it和Talking about drugs helped prepare me for the peer（同龄人）pressuresin high school可以确定，此处是指"毒品，吸毒"．故选B． 17．A 考查动词词组辨析． 由空格后的trouble，和句意可知此处是指"很多小孩陷入困境之中"．故选A． 18．C 考查副词辨析．既然前面说阻止小孩去钓鱼，一般应该是休班、休假的日子．（off表示关闭，好像开关的off键，表示不工作了，即为休息的意思．），故选C 19．D 考查形容词辨析．从上文的1991到下文的2000，可以看出RobertMoody警官的钓鱼教育法有着"持久的"影响．故选D． 20．B 考查连词辨析．从上下句的逻辑关系看，空格所在的句子，表示时间，意思是"在…的时候"，其他几个词虽然都可以表示时间，但意思不合题意．故选B． 21．A 考查动词辨析．从下文的Hesensed trouble between them．可以判断，那两个人是在"吵架"．故选A． 22．B 考查副词辨析．根据句意可知，在RobertMoody警官意识到要出乱子的时候，"突然"发生了下面的事情．对RobertMoody警官来说有点意外．故选B． 23．D 考查动词辨析．因为下文提到是五年级带着去钓鱼，所用用remember比较恰当．故选D． 24．A 考查名词辨析．重要的名词概念会在文中反复出现．文章主题是罗伯特穆迪通过钓鱼的方式帮助孩子们．fishing为文中的核心名词．故选A． 25．C 考查形容词最高级．既然记得那么清楚，说明那天对他来说很重要，所以用best． 26．B 考查动词辨析．根据此段讲此项目的意图可知，罗伯特穆迪决定创立基金会去把孩子们引导过来指导他们钓鱼．故选B． 27．A 考查疑问副词辨析．由句子结构和句意可知，where引导地点状语吵架，意思是"在有暴力的地方，其后也总有毒品"．故选A． 28．D 考查名词辨析．havean impact on是一个固定短语，意思是"对…有影响"．上文19空处有这个短语．故选D． 29．B 考查动词辨析．通过让孩子们参加钓鱼项目，他目的是让孩子们能够有另外一种生活方式．此空表示意图，用intended合适．故选B． 30．C 考查名词辨析． 此处是钓鱼术语，等待鱼儿上钩．故选C． 31．C 考查名词辨析．与前面的talkto each other意义一致．故选C． 32．A 考查动词短语辨析．participatedin"加入，参加"；worked out"解出，制定，锻炼"；approvedof"赞同"；made up"编造，组成"． 对项目理解的如此透彻，一定是参与过项目的人．故选A． 33．B 考查动词辨析．根据句意可知，谈论毒品能帮我做好应对高中同龄人带来压力的准备工作，我也能去帮我弟弟摆脱毒品． 既然前面是help，应该是好的方面，所以用avoid表示"避免"．故选B． 34．D 考查名词辨析． 根据后面的whenhe hopes to run the foundation full﹣time．说明他不做工作才能全职管理基金，因此可判断是三年后，退休．故选D． 35．D 考查名词辨析．开头提到他的工作是解决社区学校的毒品和团伙问题，中间讲了他做了一系列的工作，结尾总结升华，他做到了，回报了社区．首尾呼应，名词复现了．故选D． 【点评】答题前一定要读懂全文，弄清文章要表达的思想，注意前后段落之间的关系．答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系．对于一时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来．答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯． 第二部分：阅读理解（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项． 17．（12.5分） （1）A visitor can apply for a free audio tour　C　 A．in the Courtyard B．in the State Apartments C．at the Admission Center D．at St George's Chapel （2）What is specially offered to visitors with kids？　D　 A．A security guard． B．A pushchair． C．A free toy． D．A baby carrier． （3）Who can get re﹣entry permits？　A　 A．Visitors wishing to eat outside the Castle． B．Visitors buying gifts in the castle shops． C．Visitors buying water from the Courtyard． D．Visitors eating outside St George's Chapel． （4）Why arc visitors required to turn off their mobile phones？　C　 A．To ensure the safety of others． B．To ensure the security of the Castle． C．To prevent them from disturbing others． D．To prevent the use of the built﹣in cameras． （5）In the last part，a"working royal palace"refers to one　B　． A．still being constructed B．still used by the royal family C．where the Queen usually works D．where works of art are on show 【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．菁优网版权所有 【分析】欢迎来到世界上最古老，最壮观并且还有人居住的温莎城堡（Windsor Castle）．女王有时会待在这里，是其官邸之一． 游客可以选择语音导览或由导游带领参观． 可以为携带小孩的游客提供婴儿车． 建议在3﹣10月的午后三点到达城堡的游客参观圣乔治教堂（St．George's Chapel）． 可购物，有点心． 在城堡里可以进行非商业性质的拍摄．但是，在国家公寓或圣乔治教堂里，不仅不可以拍摄，手机还要关机． 由于城堡是皇家工作场所，出于安全的考虑，为游客设计的是一条单向参观线路． 【解答】36．C．细节理解题．根据题干中的audio tour定位到Audio tours标题下，由第一句中的…the Admission Center可知，在入口处可免费获得语音导览器．故选C． 37．D．细节理解题．根据题干中的visitors with kids定位到Visitors with babies标题下，由最后一句…baby carriers are available to borrow．可知，婴儿车可借．故选D． 38．A．细节理解题．根据题干中的 re﹣entry permits定位到Refreshments标题下，由第三句Visitors wishing to leave the castle for refreshments in the town may abtain re﹣entry permits from the castle shops．可知，想在外就餐的游客需获得再进许可．故选A． 39．C．细节理解题．根据题干中的mobile phones定位到Photography and mobile phones标题下，由最后一句Mobile phones must be switched off …in consideration of other visitors．可知，关机是出于对其他游客的考虑，不打扰他们．turn off与switch off 意为"关闭"，in consideration of 意为"考虑"．故选C． 40．B．词义猜测题．根据划线短语的后一句可知，游客与其行李实行机场级别的安全检查．由此可推知此处是皇室所待之所．第一段中最后一句Windsor is one of the official residences of the Queen，who sometimes stays there．可知，女王有时会待在这里，城堡是其官邸之一．C选项中的usually"经常"与原文中sometimes"有时，间或"不符，故排除．故选B． 【点评】细节理解题可抓住题干中的关键词到原文中去找寻答案．词义猜测题可根据语境推断其意． 18．（12.5分）Why play games？Because they are fun，and a 1ot more besides．Following the rules…planning your next move…acting as a team member…these are all"game"ideas that you will come across throughout your life． Think about some off the games you played as a young child，such as rope﹣jumping and hide﹣and﹣seek．Such games are entertaining and fun．But perhaps more importantly，they translate life into exciting dramasthat teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives，such as taking turns and cooperating （合作）． Many children's games have a practical side Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown﹣ups．For instance，some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones．Which sharpens the hand﹣eye coordination（协调）needed in hunting． Many sports encourage national or local pride．The most famous games of all，the Olympic Games，bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition．People who watch the event wave flags，knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country，not just the athlete who earned it．For countries experiencing natural disa sters or war，an Olympic win can mean so much． Sports are also an event that unites people．Soccer is the most popular sport in the world．People on all continents play it﹣some for fun and some for a living．Nicolette Iribarne，a Californian soccer player，has discovered a way to spread hope through soccer．He created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future． Next time you play your favorite game or sport，think about why you enjoy it，what skills are needed，and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life． 41．Through playing hide﹣and﹣seek，children are expected to learn to　B　． A．be a team leader B．obey the basic rules C．act as a grown﹣up D．predict possible danger 42．The underlined part in Paragraph 2most probably means that games can　C　． A．describe life in an exciting way B．turn real﹣life experiences into a play C．make learning life skills more interes