英语
14
复习
检测
学生
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第14讲 复习检测
介词
表示时间的介词,叫做时间介词。常见的有:at in on
1) in , on,at 在……时
2)in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。 如 in the 20th century(在20世纪), in 1989(在1989年), in summer(在夏天), in January(在一月), in the morning(在早上)等。
3)on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。 如on May 1st(在五月1日), on Monday(在星期一), on New Year’s Day(在新年那天), on a cold night (在一个寒冷的夜里), on a fine morning(在一个美好的早上), on Sunday afternoon(在一个星期日的下午)等。
4)at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。 如at 3:20(在3点20), at this time of year(在一年的这个时候), at Christmas(在圣诞节), at night(在夜里), at noon(在中午), 等。
5)注意:在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如:We meet every day.
口诀: 早、午、晚要用in,at黎明、午夜、时间前.
年、月、季节、周,阳光、灯、影、衣、帽in。
将来时态in...以后,小处at大处in。
This、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one。
接年、月、季、星期、周,介词省略已习惯。 (划线部分重点记)
方位介词
方位介词表示物体所在的位置,常用的地点介词有:
in, on, under, near, next to
1. in表示\"在......内部;在......里面\"的意思。如:
Where’s the pencil?(我的铅笔在哪?)It’s in the pencil case.(它在文具盒里。)
2. on表示\"在某物的上面\",但两者互相接触。如:
My books are on that table. 我的书在那张桌子上。
3. under表示\"在某物垂直的正下方\",两者之间不接触。如:
My cat is under my chair. 我的猫在我的椅子下。
4. near表示\"在某物体的附近\",意为\"接近、靠近\"。如:
The ball is near the door. 球在门旁边。
5.next to表示“挨着…..在….旁边”。如:
The sofa is next to the chair .沙发在那把椅子旁边。
口诀:
里面in,上面on,
Under under在下方,
Near near在附近
next to next to 紧挨着
注意:苹果长在树上用介词on----The apple is on the tree.
鸟落在树上用介词in--- The bird is in the tree.
一般现在时及动词单三
一、 一般现在时概念:
一般现在时是表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
如:She is a gril. He is a boy. It is a mouse. Ian is a bird.
二、第三人称:她、他、它、某人 = 第三人称
She 、he、it、sb= The third person
三、一般现在时的形式:(1)主语+be(am. is. are)+其他
(2)主语+动词的第三人称单数形式+其他
如:Lucy gets up at half past six. She does her homework at six o’clock.
三、动词单三的变化规则:
(1) 直接+“s”
例:listenà listens palyà plays
(2) 以s,o , x, ch, sh结尾的动词,+“es”
例:passà passes fixà fixes
goà goes teach à teaches washà washes
(3) 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变y为i再+”es”
例:studyà studies flyà flies
(4) 以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词,直接加es”
例:play à plays payà pays
现在进行时
一般现在进行时的构成是:
主语 + be动词 + Ving
可用来表示现在进行时的时间状语,常用的有:now, at this moment 等;或者告诉你一个准确的现在时间,或者用look, listen, don’t等提醒听者注意正在发生的事。
例如:
They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。
Listen, a boy is crying. 听,一个男孩正在哭。
Don’t run, the baby is sleeping. 不要跑,婴孩正在睡觉。
be的变化
在现在时中,be 要根据人称代词和名词的单复数不同,而分别使用am/is/are,即:I 用am, he/she/it (包括单数名词和不可数名词) 用is, you/we/they (包括复数名词)用are.
第一人称单数 I+am+v.ing 第一人称复数 We+are+v.ing.
第二人称单(复)数 You+are+v.ing
第三人称单数 He(She,It,Bob)…+is+v.ing 第三人称复数 They+are+v.ing
注意:be 动词在现在时里算作“助动词”,翻译正在进行时的时候,be不能解释为“是”,否则不通顺。它只是和现在分词一起构成“进行时”。
现在分词是在动词后加上ing 构成。
如:starting, working, coming, sitting 等都是现在分词。
现在分词的变化规则如下:
(1)直接在动词后加ing.
例如:go-going, start-starting, work-working, look-looking.
(2)去掉词尾不发音的e,再加ing.
例如: dance-dancing, make-making, come-coming, write-writing.
注意:如果单词结尾的e发音,则不能去掉,也直接加ing. 例如:see -seeing
(3) 对于重读闭音节词,双写末尾字母再加ing.
例如:sit-sitting, swim-swimming, get-getting, put-putting.
这一条规律,必须要弄清什么是“重读闭音节”。
1.单音节词一般为单词结尾为“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”简称“辅元辅”结构,例如:
run – running, stop – stopping, cut – cutting, skip – skipping
swim – swimming, get – getting等。
2. 特殊记忆:例如:open – opening listen – listening
定句
现在进行时的否定句式是在be动词(am,is, are)后加not.
即: 1. I am not… (am not不能缩写)
例如: I am dancing. →I am not dancing.
1. …is not… = …isn’t…
例如:
Look! Peter is sleeping. →Look! Peter is not sleeping.→Look! Peter isn’t sleeping.
2. …are not…= …aren’t…
例如:
Listen! They are singing. →Listen! They are not singing.
→Listen! They aren’t singing.
口诀: 否定句的标志 NOT , 在哪否? Be动词,后面否。
一般疑问句
一般疑问句是将be移到主语前面,句末加问号,读升调。
例如: It is raining now. →is It raining now? →Is it raining now?
一般疑问句在现在进行时的练习:
将现在进行时的陈述句改成一般疑问句步骤:
1. 找 is, are找到后将其提前。(1提)
2. 将提至句首的is或are变大写,原来大写的首字母变小写,其他单词位置不动。(2变)
3. 句尾加问号?(3问号)
4. 如果遇到句子中是I am …. 一般会直接改为Are you…? (依据上下文和句子情景而定,也有Am I …? 的时候。)
例如:I am playing basketball now. →Are you playing basketball now?
肯定回答及否定回答:
确定主语人称,根据人称选择be动词
Is ….? Yes, …is. No, …isn’t.
例如: Is she cooking now? Yes, she is. /No, she isn’t.
Are…? Yes, …are. No, … aren’t.
Are you…? Yes, I am/we are. No, I’m not. /we aren’t.
例如: Are you cooking now? Yes, I am./we are. No, I’m not. / we aren’t.
现在进行时与一般现在时的区别
1 基本用法不同
一般现在时用来表示习惯性的动作或状态。如:
She goes to school by bike every day.她每天骑自行车去上学。
现在进行时用来表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在发生或进行的动作或者用来表示现阶段正在进行或存在的状态。
如:Look ! She is reading under the tree.瞧!她正在树下看书。
2. 谓语动词的形式不同
一般现在时的谓语动词:
1) be动词用am/is/are这三种形式;
She is a teacher. I am a teacher. They are teachers.
2) 实义动词用动词原形或第三人称单数形式(根据主语数的变化而变化)。
I speak English in the English class.
He speaks English in the English class.
We go to school at seven in the morning.
现在进行时谓语动词的形式为: am / is / are+动词-ing 形式。如:
I am reading English now. 我现在正在读英语。
We are having dinner now.
3)时间状语不同
一般现在时常与often, sometimes, always, usually等频率副词连用,还与 every morning /day / week..., on Wednesday, in the morning / afternoon / evening等时间状语连用
例如: I get up at 7 o’clock everyday.
We usually play some sports after school.
现在进行时常与now, Look ! / Listen !等提示语时,后面的句子中动词一般用现在进行时。
例如: Listen!My sister is singing in the room
1 复习介词的用法,学生对于常见介词要会准确使用
2 现在进行时,一般现在时的意义,结构,动词变化,以及两者中的联系要掌握
3 句式变化
一 用 in,on, at 填空
1.The bird is _____the tree .
2.The apples arethe tree.
3 We have lunch __________noon.
4I watch TV play ______________ Friday evening
二 写出下列动词的现在分词形式:
write - _____________ come - _________________
hop - _____________ swim - _________________
sit - _____________ lie - _________________
三用现在进行时完成下列句子:
My parents ____ __________(watch)TV now.
Look. Three boys ______ _________(run)
四 单选. Are there ___ houses near the river? Yes, there are .
A. some, some B. any, some C. any, any D. some, any
五 句式变化
1. There is a woman near the house.(变复数)
2. There are some buses near the hill.(变单数)
3 She can play volleyball. (改为否定句)
A
一选择填空:
( ) 1. She is ________lunch now.
A. has B. haveing C. having
( ) 2.They are _____________in the pool.
A. swimming B. swim C. swiming
( ) 3.Are you _______to me?
A. listen B. listening C. listenning
( ) 4.Where is Peter? Look! He is __________the flower.
A. pickking B. picking C. pick
( ) 5.My parents _____ _________dinner.
A. is cooking B. are cook C. are cooking
二用现在进行时完成下列句子:
1.What_________you__________(do)?
2.I___ __________(sing) an English song.
3.What________he____________(make)?
4.He_____ _________(drive) a car.
5.We____ ___________(play) games now.
6. My parents ____ __________(watch)TV now.
7. Look. Three boys ______ _________(run).
8. What _____ your mother ________(do)now?
9. Are your dogs ______ now?(sleep)
10. ____ you ______(listen)to the music? Yes, I am
B
三 用 at ,in, on 填空
1 They have a PE lesson ____________Monday.
2 Classes begin _______________8:00.
3 We have four lessons _________________ the morning.
4 My sister play basketball_________ half past four _______ the afternoon.
5 My parents get up ___________ six thirty every morning.
6 His brother gets lots of presents __________his birthday.
7 Flowers come out ____________ spring.
8 She is afraid of going out ___________night.
四.选择填空:
1. Are there any maps on the wall? ___
A. There are some. B. Yes, there is. C. Yes, there is one. D. No, there aren’t.
2. How many ____ are there in the picture? ___
A. woman B. women C. buy D. milk
3. There aren’t ___ trees near the house. There is only one. ___
A. any B. some C. many D. much
4. There ___ two bowls of rice on the table. ___
A. is B. have C. has D. are
五.句型转换:
1. There are some apples on the tree.(变一般问句)
2. There are some orange in the glass.(变否定句)
3. Is there a baby in the room?(变复数)
C
六 选择适当的介词填空
in on
1.Look ,the picture is ____the wall .
2.The window is _____the wall .
3.The peaches are ____the tree .
4.The bird is _____the tree .
5.The apples arethe tree.
七. 根据汉语翻译句子
1 他的父母三点三十分上班。 His parents go to work _______ ______ ________
2 一周有七天 There are seven days __________a week.
3 他的生日在十月一日 His birthday is ________ the first of October.
4 他们在周六晚上看电影 They go to the cinema __________ Saturday afternoon.
5不要在下雨的夜晚出去 Don’t go out _________ a rainy evening.
一. 选择方位介词
( )1.—Where’s the ball?
---It’s the box. A. on B. in C. under
( )2. —Where’s the ball?
---It’s the box. A. on B. in C. under
( )3. —Where’s the ball?
---It’s the box. A. on B. in C. under
( )4. —Where’s the ball?
---It’s the box. A. on B. in C. near
( )5. --Where’s the chair? A. on B. next to C. in
--It’sthe sofa.
二、选择题
( ) 1.May I stop my car here? No, you____.
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. don't have to
( ) 2.Can he books?
A. read B. reads C. reading D. is reading
( ) 3.Can we books?
A. read B. reads C. reading D. is reading
( ) 4.I can’t .
A. swim B. swims C. swimming D. to swim
( ) 5. We eat in class.
A. can’t B. don't C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
( ) 6. What you like? I’d like some pizza.
A. do B. would C. are D. should
三根据要求完成句子:
1 He can drive a car. (改为一般疑问句)
2. Can they swim?(做肯定回答)
3. 我可以出去玩吗?(汉译英)
一 用括号里动词的适当形式填空。
Example: They go to work by train.(go)
1. Mr.Eden ______ English.(teach)
2. Cats _______ fish.(eat)
3. The boy ______ hard at school.(study)
4. Mom ______ dinner for us every day.(cook)
5. The students ______ the class.(enjoy)
6. Birds ______ in the sky.(fly)
7. Chicken __________ in the water.(not swim)
8. Betty ______ the violin after class.(practice)
二 将下列句子改为一般疑问句,并根据