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练习
专题02
单词词性分类汇总【练习】人教版
专题
02
单词
词性
分类
汇总
人教版
期末复习之单词词性分类汇总
单词词性:动词、名词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、数词等。词性是解题的关键
。首先要从句子结构入手,谓语动词和形容词是所有词性中相对容易判断出来的;其次再根据技巧判断出其他词性;最后根据其他关键信息判断词形的改变。
1. 助动词结构:
主语(冠词/名词等)+ 谓语(动词)+ 宾语(冠词/代词/名词等)。
I did my homework.
2. 系动词结构:
(1)主语(冠词/名词等)+ 系动词(be动词/感官动词)+ 表语(形容词)。
You are excited.
You look excited.
(2)主语(冠词/名词等)+ 系动词(be动词/感官动词)+ 表语(名词)。
She is a teacher.
They are students.
(二)动词呈现
动词:表示动作的词语,动词一般作谓语,通过谓语动词可以判断动词的形式。
1. 解题步骤
第一步:熟记词义;
第二步:根据句子结构,判断词性为动词;
第三步:根据语境、固定搭配,判断时态、其他动词形式。
2. 解题技巧
【技巧一】助动词后除主语外要紧跟动词(原形);
助动词一般出现在疑问句和否定句。分别有:do、does、did、will、would。
否定形式:don’t, doesn’t, didn’t, won’t, wouldn’t。
1. They don't realize that that wasn't always the case.
2. I sure do miss you something fierce!
3. Why did I not marry King Grisly-beard?
【技巧二】情态动词后除主语外要紧跟动词(原形);
情态动词:can、could、need、should、must、may、might等。
否定形式:can’t, couldn’t, needn’t, mustn’t, may not, might not。
1. I can realize all my dreams.
2. I'll miss you, kiddo.
3. They could communicate with her.
【技巧三】介词to后一般是动词(原形);
介词可跟动词、名词和动名词。一般to 后跟动词原形。
1. She wasn't slow to realize what was going on.
2. Don't expect it to improve overnight.
3. It was too good an opportunity to miss.
【技巧四】不带to的不定式,其后也跟动词(原形);
一感(feel sb do sth.);二听(hear/listen to sb do sth);三让(make/let/have sb do sth);四看(watch/see/look/notice sb do sth);help sb(do/to do sth)。
1. Let me dig a hole.
2. Please make him realize the importance of healthy food
3. Nowadays, phone calls and messages help us communicate with others more often.
【技巧五】有些固定句型后要用动词(原形);
had better do sth, Why not do sth.
1. We'd better hurry or we'll miss the train.
2. Why not book the tickets in advance?
【技巧六】以上情形都没有,找主语,一般主语后就是谓语动词(有时态变化);
主语一般在句子开头,主语是名词的形式。常见有人名(Tom)、人称代词主格(She/he/They等)、形物代+名词(My bag)等,一般紧跟主语后的就是谓语动词。
再根据时间、标志词、结构判断时态:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。
1. She realized the stress he was under just now.
2. People communicate with words.
3. I still dream of home now.
【技巧七】以上情形都没有,注意连词前后主语是同一个时,时态保持一致。
1. I'll come by this evening and pick up the books.
2. I returned home and explained why I so late.
原形
词性&释义
动词三单
过去式
动词ing
(现在分词/动名词)
arrive
v. 到达
arrives
arrived
arriving
blow
v. 吹
blows
blow-blew-blown
blowing
bring
v. 带来;取来
brings
bring-brought-brought
bringing
camp
v. 扎营;搭帐篷
camps
camped
camping
climb
v. 爬
climbs
climbed
climbing
cook
v. 做饭
cooks
cooked
cooking
could
modal v. 能;可以
could
could
-
cross
v. 横过;越过
crosses
crossed
crossing
cut
v. 砍;切
cuts
cut-cut-cut
cutting
describe
v. 描述
describes
described
describing
draw
v. 画
draws
draw-drew-drawn
drawing
drive
v. 开车
drives
drive-drove-driven
driving
enjoy
v. 享受;喜爱
enjoys
enjoyed
enjoying
feed
v. 喂养;饲养
feeds
feed-fed-fed
feeding
feel
v. 感受;觉得
feels
feel-felt-felt
feeling
fly
v. 飞
flies
fly-flew-flown
flying
follow
v. 遵循;跟随
follows
followed
following
forget
v. 忘记;遗忘
forgets
forget-forgot-forget
forgetting
grow
v. 种植;生长;发育
grows
grow-grew-grown
growing
hear
v. 听到;听见
hears
hear-heard-heard
hearing
join
v. 参加;加入
joins
joined
joining
jump
v. 跳;跃
jumps
jumped
jumping
keep
v. 保持;保留
keeps
keep-kept-kept
keeping
kill
v. 杀死;弄死
kills
killed
killing
learn
v. 学习;学会
learns
learned
learning
leave
v. 离开;留下
leaves
leave-left-left
leaving
listen
v. 听;倾听
listens
listened
listening
live
v. 居住,生活
lives
lived
living
make
v. 使成为;制造
makes
make-made-made
making
may
modal v. 也许;可能;可以
may
might
-
milk
v. 挤奶
milks
milked
milking
miss
v. 怀念;思念;错过
misses
missed
missing
move
v. 移动
moves
moved
moving
pick
v. 采;摘
picks
picked
picking
put
v. 放
puts
put-put-put
putting
read
v. 读;阅读
reads
read-read-read
reading
relax
v. 放松;休息
relaxes
relaxed
relaxing
remember
v. 记住;记起
remembers
remembered
remembering
run
v. 跑;奔
runs
run-ran-run
running
save
v. 救;救助
saves
saves
saving
shout
v. 呼叫;喊叫
shouts
shouted
shouting
sing
v. 唱歌
sings
sing-sang-sung
singing
sit
v. 坐
sits
sit-sat-sat
sitting
skate
v. 滑冰
skates
skated
skating
speak
v. 说(某种语言);说话
speaks
speak-spoke-spoken
speaking
spend
v. 花(时间、钱等)
spends
spend-spent-spent
spending
start
v. 开始;着手
starts
started
starting
stay
v. 停留;待
stays
stayed
staying
teach
v. 教;讲授
teaches
teach-taught-taught
teaching
tell
v. 讲述;告诉
tells
tell-told-told
telling
turn
v. 转向;翻
turns
turned
turning
use
v. 使用;运用
uses
used
using
visit
v. 拜访;参观
visits
visited
visiting
wake
v. 弄醒;醒
wakes
wake-woke-woken
waking
wash
v. 洗
washes
washed
washing
wear
v. 穿;戴
wears
wear-wore-worn
wearing
will
v. 将要,会
will
would
willing
wish
v. 希望
wishes
wished
wishing
would
modal v.(表示意愿)愿意
would
would
-
write
v. 写作;写字
writes
write-wrote-written
writing
(三)名词呈现
名词:事物的名称,分为可数名词和不可数名词(需要借助一定的称量工具)。
1. 解题步骤
第一步:熟记词义;
第二步:根据句子结构、固定搭配,判断词性为名词;
第三步:根据语境、固定搭配,判断名词的可数名词复数形式、其他形式。
2. 解题技巧
【技巧一】介词of后跟名词;
1. 20cm of snow were expected today.
2. Never had he been so free of worry.
【技巧二】冠词、指示代词、不定代词、形容词性物主代词、形容词后跟名词。
冠词(a/an/the);指示代词(this/these/that/those);不定代词(some/any);形容词性物主代词(my/our/her/his/its/their);形容词(new/old/beautiful/good)。
1. The show was just awesome.
2. We need some brushes.
3. Where did you buy that dress?
【技巧三】a/an、this/that后跟可数名词单数。
these、those后跟可数名词复数;
some、any后可跟可数名词复数和不可数名词;
形容词性物主代词后可跟可数名词单复数、不可数名词,视具体语境而定;
形容词后可跟可数名词单复数、不可数名词,视具体语境而定。
原形
词性&释义
可数名词复数
不可数名词
其他形式(词性转化)
actor
n. 演员
actors
actress
n. 女演员
actresses
Africa
n. 非洲
Africa
age
n. 年龄
age
air
n. 空气
air
American
n. 美国人;美洲人
Americans
America n. 美国
animal
n. 动物
animals
artist
n. 艺术家
artists
art n. 艺术
Australia
n. 澳大利亚
Australia
baby
n. 婴儿
babies
badminton
n. 羽毛球运动
badminton
badminton
bank
n. 银行
banks
beach
n. 海滩;沙滩
beaches
beef
n. 牛肉
beef
bike
n. 自行车
bikes
boat
n. 小船
boats
bowl
n. 碗
bowls
bridge
n. 桥
bridges
bus
n. 公共汽车
buses
butterfly
n. 蝴蝶
butterflies
cabbage
n. 卷心菜;洋白菜
cabbage
cake
n. 蛋糕
cakes
Canada
n. 加拿大
Canada
candle
n. 蜡烛
candles
candy
n. 糖果
candies
car
n. 小汽车;轿车
cars
cat
n. 猫
cats
center
n. 中心;中央
centers
chess
n. 国际象棋
chess
child
n. 儿童
children
cinema
n. 电影院
cinemas
club
n. 俱乐部;社团
clubs
country
n. 国;国家
countries
countryside
n. 乡村;农村
countrysides
cow
n. 奶牛
cows
crime
n. 犯罪活动
crimes
criminal
n. 罪犯
criminals
crossing
n. 十字路口
crossings
cross v. 穿过
danger
n. 危险
dangers
dangerous adj.危险的
dish
n. 碟;盘
dishes
dragon
n. 龙
dragons
drum
n. 鼓
drums
dumpling
n. 饺子
dumplings
ear
n. 耳朵
ears
elephant
n. 大象
elephants
end
n. 结尾;尽头
end
Europe
n. 欧洲
Europe
eye
n. 眼睛
eyes
face
n. 脸
faces
farmer
n. 农民;农场主
farmers
farm n. 农场
fire
n. 火;火灾
fire
fish
n. 鱼;鱼肉
fish
flag
n. 旗;旗帜
flags
flower
n. 花
flowers
forest
n. 森林
forests
front
n. 前面
front
gift
n. 礼物;赠品
gifts
giraffe
n. 长颈鹿
giraffes
glasses
n. 眼镜
glasses
group
n. 组;群
groups
guide
n. 导游;向导
guides
guitar
n. 吉他
guitars
hair
n. 头发;毛发
hair
half
n. 一半;半数
halves
hall
n. 大厅;礼堂
halls
height
n. 身高;高度
height
high adj. 高的
homework
n. 家庭作业
homework
horse
n. 马
horses
hospital
n. 医院
hospitals
host
n. 主人;东道主
hosts
hotel
n. 旅馆;酒店
hotels
house
n. 房子
houses
idea
n. 想法;主意
ideas
ivory
n. 象牙
ivories
jeans
n. 牛仔裤
jeans
job
n. 工作;职业
jobs
juice
n. 果汁;饮料
juice
kilometer
n. 千米;公里
kilometers
kind
n. 种类
kinds
kitchen
n. 厨房
kitchens
kite
n. 风筝
kites
koala
n. 树袋熊,考拉
koalas
kung fu
n. (中国)功夫
kung fu
lake
n. 湖;湖泊
lakes
language
n. 语言
language
leg
n. 腿
legs
life
n. 生活;生命
life
lion
n. 狮子
lions
luck
n. 幸运;运气
luck
lucky adj. 幸运的
man
n. 男人;人
men
meat
n. (可食用的)肉
meat
message
n. 信息;消息
messages
minute
n. 分钟
minutes
money
n. 钱
money
monkey
n. 猴子
monkeys
moon
n. 月亮
moon
mountain
n. 高山
mountains
mouse
n. 老鼠;耗子
mice
mouth
n. 嘴
mouths
movie
n. 电影
movies
museum
n. 博物馆
museums
musician
n. 音乐家
musicians
music n. 音乐
mutton
n. 羊肉
mutton
neighborhood
n. 街区;街坊
neighborhoods
neighbor n. 邻居
newspaper
n. 报纸
newspapers
night
n. 晚上;夜晚
nights
noodle
n. 面条
noodles
north
n. 北;北方
north
nose
n. 鼻子
noses
office
n. 办公室
offices
onion
n. 洋葱
onions
painting
n. 油画;绘画
paintings
paint v. 绘画
pancake
n. 烙饼;薄饼
pancakes
panda
n. 熊猫
pandas
park
n. 公园
parks
people
n. 人;人们
people
person
n. 人
people
pet
n. 宠物
pets
piano
n. 钢琴
pianos
place
n. 地点;位置
places
police
n. 警察
polices
pool
n. 游泳池;水池
pools
porridge
n. 粥;面糊
porridge
post
n. 邮政
posts
potato
n. 土豆;马铃薯
potatoes
problem
n. 困难;难题
problems
quarter
n. 一刻钟;四分之一