专题11 短文选词填空【练习】（人教版）.docx

期末复习之选词填空 1. 常考点 一般考查10个单词的词汇运用能力，分别为动词（谓语时态和非谓语）、名词（单复数和名词所有格）、形容词、副词（形容词变副词）、数词（序数词）、介词、连词、代词等，有些题目根据文章给出符合文章的词性，不需要变形，但是有些题目只给出单词，需要依据文意变形，难度加大。 2. 解题步骤（不需要变形） 第一步：解读方框中所给单词的词义和词性； 第二步：分析句子结构中所缺的成份，缩小选择的范围； 第三步：通过代入法、翻译法检查所选单词是否符合句意。 解题步骤（需要变形） 第一步：解读方框中所给单词的词义和词性，写出该词的其他词形； 第二步：通过代入法、翻译法检查所选单词是否符合句意； 第三步：分析句子结构中所缺的成份，选择符合句子结构的词性。 解题步骤（简化） （1）译词义，写词性； （2）读句子，选词义，译句子，读通顺； （3）检答案，找关键，定词形。 3. 解题技巧 动词 v. 【技巧一】助动词后除主语外要紧跟动词（原形）； 【技巧二】情态动词后除主语外要紧跟动词（原形）； 【技巧三】介词to后一般是动词（原形）； 【技巧四】不带to的不定式，其后也跟动词（原形）； 【技巧五】有些固定句型后要用动词（原形）； 【技巧六】动词和动词之间连接要用动词不定式、动词原形（不带to的不定式）或者动名词（动词ing）； 【技巧七】形容词和动词之间用to连接； 【技巧八】以上情形都没有，找主语，一般主语后就是谓语动词（有时态变化）； 【技巧九】以上情形都没有，注意连词前后主语是同一个时，时态保持一致。 名词 n. 【技巧一】介词of后跟名词； 【技巧二】冠词、指示代词、不定代词、形容词性物主代词、形容词后跟名词。 【技巧三】a/an、this/that后跟可数名词单数； 【技巧四】these、those后跟可数名词复数； 【技巧五】some、any后可跟可数名词复数和不可数名词； 【技巧六】形容词性物主代词后可跟可数名词单复数、不可数名词，视具体语境而定； 【技巧七】形容词后可跟可数名词单复数、不可数名词，视具体语境而定； 【技巧八】名词所有格，常考复数名词以s结尾的名词复数，在s后直接加“’”。 形容词 adj. 【技巧一】形容词跟在系动词动词后，作表语； 【技巧二】形容词跟在名词前，作定语。 【技巧三】so, very, too后跟形容词。 副词 adv. 【技巧一】句子结构完整，用副词修饰做某动作的程度； 【技巧二】句子结构完整，表示做某个动作的时间、地点和程度等； 【技巧三】形容词转换的副词，可以单独存在于句首，形容词不可以。 代词 pron. 【技巧一】人称代词：主格和宾格。主格充当主语，宾格充当宾语； 【技巧二】物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词； 【技巧三】反身代词：表达某人自己。一般根据语境或者固定搭配判断。 数词 num. 【技巧一】与可数名词连用表示数量； 【技巧二】表示“第几个……”用序数词，一般后面跟第几个月份“month”、年“year”、生日（birthday）、天（day）等。 介词 prep. 【技巧一】介于句子和时间、地点或其他事物之间； 【技巧二】构成固定短语。 连词 conj. 【技巧一】连接单词和单词，词性保持一致； 【技巧二】连接短语和短语，结构保持一致； 【技巧三】连接句子和句子，前后时态保持一致。 01 （2022·河南·郸城县教育体育局基础教研室七年级期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 解题步骤（简化） （1）译词义，写词性； （2）读句子，选词义，译句子，读通顺； （3）检答案，找关键，定词形。 be   for   kind     in     minute   read     cost   go   walk   weekend I have a friend, her name is Linda. Now she is studying ____1____ a middle school in Beijing. Her home is in the center of Beijing. It’s next to a bus stop. If you want to go to her home, it’s easy ____2____ you to find it. You can take the No.24 bus to get to Park Road. Then you can ____3____ to her home from the stop. It’s only about five ____4____ walk.There ____5____ a big bookshop near the bus stop. In the bookshop, there are many books. People can find all ____6____ of books. She often goes to the bookshop on ____7____. It’s a good place for her to enjoy ____8____. In front of the bookshop is a clothes store. Clothes in the store are often on sale. A shirt only ____9____ ten dollars. She often ____10____ to the store with her mother. 02 （2022·河南·罗山县教学研究室七年级期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 解题步骤（简化） （1）译词义，写词性； （2）读句子，选词义，译句子，读通顺； （3）检答案，找关键，定词形。 Sunday,     family,     fish,     take,     with,     drink,     name,     cat,     cook,     kite I’m Tina. I have a happy ____11____ . My parents and I often go out for a picnic on ____12____. We like ____13____ some food like apples, eggs and hamburgers there. We take some ____14____ like milk and water, too. I have a little ____15____. Its ____16____ is Kitty. We often take the cat ____17____ us for a picnic. My mother likes ____18____ for us and my father likes going ____19____. I like flying a ____20____ with Kitty. We are all very happy . 03 （2022·河南·商城县教育体育局教学研究室七年级期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 解题步骤（简化） （1）译词义，写词性； （2）读句子，选词义，译句子，读通顺； （3）检答案，找关键，定词形。 ask, breakfast, happy , meet, thank, he , animal, say, give, home Tom is free today. He gets up at 6 o’clock. After ____21____ he goes to Tina’s home. They’ll go to the zoo to see ____22____. On their way to the zoo, they ____23____ a little boy. He can’t find his home, and he doesn’t know the way ____24____. Tom and Tina want to help him. They ____25____ the little boy some food and begin to help him find ____26____ home. At about 12 o’clock, they find the boy’s home. The boy’s mother ____27____ them and ____28____ them to have lunch with her family, but they say no to her. Then they ____29____ goodbye to the boy and his mother and go home. They can’t visit the zoo, but they are very ____30____. 04 （2021·河南·滑县教育教学研究中心七年级期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 解题步骤（简化） （1）译词义，写词性； （2）读句子，选词义，译句子，读通顺； （3）检答案，找关键，定词形。 bed,     weekend,     interest,     watch,     child,     be,     a,     what,     way ,     learn Do you often watch TV? Maybe your answer is “Yes”. Most children like ___31___ TV because it’s ___32___ and relaxing. They can also ___33___ a lot and know lots of things about their country and the world. TV helps to open ___34___ eyes. TV can also open their minds. They can learn some better ___35___ of doing things. Many children ___36___ always busy with their studies, so they watch TV only on ___37___ . But some children watch TV every night. They go to ___38___ very late and they can’t have ___39___ good rest (休息). I don’t think it’s good to do so. ____40____ do you think of it? 05 （2022·河南·濮阳市中小学教育教研室七年级期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 dinner   class   so   sport   he   but   like   friend   happy   egg 解题步骤（简化） （1）译词义，写词性； （2）读句子，选词义，译句子，读通顺； （3）检答案，找关键，定词形。 Dear Mom and Dad, How are you these days? I miss you very much. I’m ____41____ in America. I eat healthy food every day. For breakfast, I have ____42____ and milk. For lunch, I eat vegetables and fruit salad. For ____43____, I have chicken and milk. ____44____ I am very healthy now. I have a new ___45___ here. His name is Jack. He is 10. We are in the same   ____46____. Jack has many good habits. He ___47___ fruit, vegetables and chicken. But he doesn’t like fast food. He thinks it is not healthy. He also likes ___48___, and basketball is ___49___ favorite sport. ____50____ sometimes we play ping-pong after school. Yours,   Chen Xi 06 （2022·河南·濮阳市中小学教育教研室七年级期末）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 解题步骤（简化） （1）译词义，写词性； （2）读句子，选词义，译句子，读通顺； （3）检答案，找关键，定词形。 come   begin   happy   the   friend   play   he   quiet   because   for Every day my grandpa plays chess with his friends ____51____ he loves playing chess very much. Last week, he ____52____ to visit us in Canada. But he was very sad when he found nobody here could play chess with ____53____.One day, when I came back from school, I found my grandpa was sitting ____54____ in a chair, doing nothing. I knew he was lonely. Why not teach him to ____55____ online chess on my computer? I thought. “Grandpa, someone is waiting ____56____ you to play chess.” I went to him and said. “Really?” he said, his eyes opening wide. “Who? And where?” I took him to ____57____ computer in my room and said, “Right here.” Then I taught him how to use the Internet and how to play chess online. At first, he was slow. Having tried several times, he became better and ____58____ to play chess with people from around the world. “How interesting it is! This is fantastic!” he cried excitedly. Now he is quite good at playing chess online and has made a lot of ____59____ on the Internet at the same time. My grandfather is much ____60____ than before. Grandpa will go back home soon. I believe the time when we played online chess together was so great that both of us will never forget. 07 （2021·陕西·西安市第三中学七年级期末）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限填一次，每空只填一个单词。） 解题步骤（简化） （1）译词义，写词性； （2）读句子，选词义，译句子，读通顺； （3）检答案，找关键，定词形。 be,       take,       one,       sport,       sun,       quick,       health,       way,       feel,       we, Spring is here. We can see trees and flowers everywhere. As everything is growing fast, illness is also growing _____61_____. There are lots of viruses (病毒) in _____62_____ life. We will probably catch a cold or have a fever, if we don’t _____63_____ care of ourselves, especially for the young people and the old. So learning to stay away from illness and being in good health are necessary for us. Here are some _____64_____ to help us.The _____65_____ thing is doing sports. Spring is always the best time to exercise. You can do _____66_____, climb the mountains or just take a walk after dinner. They are not only good for health but also great fun. So don’t _____67_____ lazy! Go out to enjoy the _____68_____ days in spring. We should also open our windows. Clean and fresh air is always good for us. Spring is also a dry season, so we’d better drink more water. Besides, pay attention to our eating habits. Less meat and more vegetables, really keep us _____69_____. Last but not least, it is also important not to get angry or sad. I hope we all _____70_____ happy and comfortable in spring. Do you like spring? 08 （2021·宁夏石嘴山·七年级期末）从下面方框中选择恰当的词填入短文中，使短文通顺正确每词只用一次，有些词要用适当的形式。 解题步骤（简化） （1）译词义，写词性； （2）读句子，选词义，译句子，读通顺； （3）检答案，找关键，定词形。 leave,child,either,born,because,begin,married,at the age of,strict,he My grandfather was ____71____ in a small village in China. He began to go to school ____72____ eight. He walked to school every day ____73____ there was no bikes in his home. At that time, there was no TV ____74____, so he listened to the radio. He left school when he was fifteen years old and ____75____ to work on the farm. When he was 24, he ____76____ my grandmother. They had four ____77____. They stayed on the farm in their lives. But they were ____78____ with my father. My father worked very hard. When my father ____79____ the village, he found a job in a big city. He lived a happy life. My grandparents see _____80_____ in the city every year. 09 （2021·辽宁·大洼教师进修学校七年级期末）根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、连贯。 解题步骤（简化） （1）译词义，写词性； （2）读句子，选词义，译句子，读通顺； （3）检答案，找关键，定词形。 arrive   night   rule   at   strict   because   fight   friend   they   never Dear John,I am a middle school student. I am good ____81____ my lessons and I have many friends. But I am not happy. There are too many ____82____ both at my school and at my home. At school, our teachers are too ____83____ with us. We must ____84____ at school on time. We can’t eat in the classroom. We can’t talk loudly(大声地) in class. We can’t ____85____ with our classmates. We should be ____86____ to everyone.