小学英语知识要点总复习讲义.doc

添加微信：car4900，免费领小学资料 小学英语知识要点总复习讲义 名词复数规则 1. 一般情况下，直接加-s，如： book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds 2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es,如： bus-buses,box-boxes,peach-peaches, watch-watches 3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es,如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，（但有一个特例：roof→roofs）。 如： knife-knives leaf-leaves wife-wives thief-thieves wolf-wolves 5.以“o”结尾的单词，如果有生命，加-es；如果没有生命，加-s。 如：①有生命：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes mango-mangoes（芒果）hero-heroes（英雄） Negro- Negroes （黑人） ②没生命：radio-radios piano-pianos photo-photos zoo-zoos 6.不规则名词的复数变化： （一）完全不规则： man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese （二）单数复数同形： fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deer people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese 小练习： 写出下列各词的复数 I _______ him ______ this ______ her ______ watch _______ child ______ photo ______ diary______day______foot_______ book______ dress _____tooth______ sheep ______box_____ strawberry ________ leaf ____ potato ______ peach______ bus ______ man______ woman______ paper_______ juice______ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________ 一般现在时态 一般现在时基本用法介绍 　1.一般现在时的功能 　　1）.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 　　2）.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 　　3）.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 　2.一般现在时的构成 　　1）.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如： 　　 I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 　　2）.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。 　　 (1)当主语为第一、第二人称或复数做主语时，谓动是原形。如： I like English.我喜欢英语。 We study English.我们学习英语。 　　（2）当主语为第三人称(he, she,it)或单数时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如： Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 　　3.一般现在时的变化 　A、be 动词的变化 a.肯变否句，有be动词is\am\are\was\were，直接在is\am\are 动词后加not。 (注：我（I）用am,你（you） 用are，is跟着他、她、它，单数和不可数名次用is，复数用are） 　　 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 　　b.肯变一般疑问句：Is\Am\are+主语+其它 ? （注：I\We变you,you 变I\we,其他人称不变） 如：-I am a student.→-Are you a student?（注:一般疑问句有肯定和否定回答） 　　　　 -Yes，I am./ No,I'm not. c.特殊疑问句：疑问词(How\What\Where\When\How many...)+一般疑问句?（注：特殊疑问句直接回答） 如：Where is my car? It’s under the chair. 　B.行为动词的变化。 　　 a.肯变否定句： 主语（第一、第二人称或复数）+ don't +动词原形(+其它)。如： 　　 I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如： 　　 He doesn't often play computer games. 　　 b.肯变一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它? 当主语为第一、第二人称或复数时用助动词Do构成一般疑问句。如： 　　 - Do you often play football? 　　 - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 　当主语为第三人称或单数时，要用Does构成一般疑问句。如： 　　 - Does she go to work by bike? 　　 - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 　　c.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work? 4.动词第三人称单数加"-s"或"-es"形式的变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：play-plays, work-works. 2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes,do-does 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies. 4.以不发音的e结尾，直接加-s .如：make-makes. 5.特殊词have-has. 一般现在时用法专项练习: 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink ________ go ______ stay ______ make ______ look _______ have_______ pass______ carry ______ come______ watch______ plant_______ fly _______ study_______ brush_______ do________ teach_______ like_________ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1.He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2.Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3.We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4.Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5.______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6.What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 7._______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8.The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9.She and I ________(watch) TV together every evening. 10.There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11.Mike _______(like) cooking. 12.They _______(have) the same hobby. 13.My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14.You always _______(do) your homework well. 15.I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 16.She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17.Liu Tao _______(do not) like PE. 18.The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening. 19.Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 20.－What day _______(be) it today? － It’s Saturday. 三、按照要求改写句子 1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________ 2.I am a teacher.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) ____________________________________________________ 3.She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) ___________________________________________________ 4.Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ___________________________________________________ 5.We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _______________________________________________________ 6.He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________ 7.I like taking pictures on the holiday.(对划线部分提问) _______________________________________________________ 8.John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) ___________________________________________________ 9.She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _______________________________________________________ 10.Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________ 四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? __________________________________________________ 2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________________________________________ 3. He likes play games after class. __________________________________________________ 4. Miss wei teaches us English. __________________________________________________ 5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________________________________________ 现在进行时态 1.现在进行时表示事情现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构由be+动词ing. (即is \am\are\was\were+v-ing) 。 3. 现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 (即is \am\are\was\were+not+v-ing) 4. 现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首. (即Is \Am\Are\Was\Were +主语+v-ing） 5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为： 疑问词(How\What\Where\When\How many...) + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 动词加ing的变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3．单音节词以辅元辅结尾，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习： 一、写出下列动词的现在分词： play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________ write________ ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空： 1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen ！Some girls ___________( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now? 5. Look ！ They _______________( have) an English lesson . 6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now. 7.Look! the girls _____________(dance )in the classroom . 8.-What is our mother doing? She _________(listen ) to music. 9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 三、句型转换： 1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) _______________________________________________________ 4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问) _______________________________________________________ 一般将来时态 一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本结构： ①be going to + do； ②will+ do. 三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。 例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。 例如：We are going to take a trip this weekend. → Are you going to take a trip this weekend? 五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 1.问人,用疑问词Who 。例如：I’m going to New York tomorrow. →Who’s going to New York tomorrow？ 2.问干什么。用What … do.例如：My father is going to watch TV this afternoon. →What is your father going to do this afternoon？ 3.问什么时候。用When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed? 六、同义句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 将来时态练习： 填空。 1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends. I ________ have a picnic with my friends. 2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What ______ _______ _______ _______ ______ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball. What _________ you do next Monday? I _______ play basketball. 3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 _____ your mother _____ ______ go shopping this _______? Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit. 4.你们打算什么时候去旅行。 When_______ you _________ __________ take a trip? 改句子。 5.Nancy is going to go shopping.（改否定句） Nancy ________ going to go shopping. 6.I’ll go swimming with them.（改否定句） I _______ go swimming with them. 7.I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句） ________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8.We will take a bus to the library.（改一般疑问句） _______ ________ take a bus to the library? 9.She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问） ________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school? 10.My father and mother are going to do housework tomorrow.(对划线部分提问) _________ _________ going to do housework tomorrow? 用所给词的适当形式填空。 11.Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.