城市问题|新建筑4/2023137[作者单位]天津城建大学建筑学院（天津，300384）城市集聚混合型社区文化设施布局优化——以天津市望海楼街道社区为例LayoutOptimizationofCulturalFacilitiesinAgglomeratedandMixedResidentialAreas:ACaseStudyofWanghailouDistrictinTianjin摘要社区文化设施的合理布局是改善居民文化生活质量、开展文化活动的重要基础。针对既往研究中定量分析方法与社区具体情况结合不足的问题，以集聚混合型社区为研究对象，引入位置分配模型等定量分析方法，应用于社区文化设施现状布局分析、原因分析与布局优化各环节。以天津市望海楼街道社区为例，研究发现，社区内设施空间分布不均衡、供需关系“错位”、设施服务供应不足与设施利用不足等问题并存，且各小区间获取服务的差距显著。究其原因，设施选址与毗邻隔离的空间形态对设施布局合理性有着重要影响，应用位置分配模型结合对现状空间形态的适度调整能取得事半功倍的优化效果。关键词社区文化设施集聚混合型社区位置分配模型布局优化ABSTRACTReasonablelayoutofcommunityculturalfacilitiesisanimportantbasisforimprovingresidents'culturallifequalityandcarryingoutculturalactivities.Inviewoftheinsufficientcombinationofquantitativeanalysismethodswiththespecificsituationofthecommunityincurrentresearch,takingtheagglomeratedandmixedresidentialareaswhichareubiquitousinthecityandhavevarioussocialandspatialproblemsastheresearchobject,quantitativeanalysismethodssuchaslocation-allocationmodelareintroducedandappliedtothecurrentlayoutanalysis,causeanalysisandlayoutoptimization.TakingtheWanghailoucommunityinTianjinasanexample,thisstudyfindsthatthedistributionofculturalfacilitiesinthecommunityisnotbalanced,anditismisalignedwiththespatialdistributionofthepopulation.Insufficientcoverageoffacilitiesandinsufficientutilizationoffacilitiescoexist,andthereisasignificantgapbetweentheaccesstofacilitiesandservicesbetweenneighborhoods.Facilitylocationandtheadjacentisolatedspatialformhaveimportantinfluenceontherationalityoffacilitylayout.Theapplicationofthelocation-allocationmodelcombinedwiththeappropriateadjustmentoftheexistingspatialformcanachievetwicetheresultwithhalftheeffort.KEYWORDScommunityc...
