伯克氏菌对群结腐霉引起的花生果腐病的生防潜力.pdf

花生学报2 0 2 3,52（2）：52-6 0Journal of Peanut Science,Vol.52,No.2,2023DO1:10.14001/j.issn.1002-4093.2023.02.007Biocontrol Potentiality of Endophytic Burkholderia cepaciaagainst Peanut Pod Rot Caused by Pythium m yriotylumYU Jing,SONG Xin-ying,LI Ying,HE Kang,GUO Zhi-qing,XU Man-lin,ZHANG Xia,CHI Yu-cheng(Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China)Abstract:Peanut pod rot caused by Pythium myriotylum results in significant economic losses worldwideduring peanut production.Biological control is an alternative measure to current chemical control methods,which are often inefficient and have adverse environmental effects.To control this disease,39 endophyticbacterial strains from healthy peanut(Arachis hypogaea)roots were screened for their antagonistic activi-ties against P.myriotylum.Five of which showed efficient biocontrol effects.Results showed,they wereall identified as Burkholderia cepacia on the basis of 16S ribosomal RNA and RecA gene sequences.A-mong the five B.cepacia strains,PRI08 manifested the greatest antagonistic activity against P.myrioty-lum mycelial growth.In greenhouse and field experiments,infected peanut plants with B.cepacia PRI8inoculation reduced the disease incidence by 29.5%and 11.83%,respectively.Moreover,B.cepaciaPRI08 significantly promoted peanut growth by enhancing the main stem length,lateral branchlength,pod number,plump pod rate and pod yield by 20.44%,19.98%,26.61%,20.36%and 21.52%,respectively.This study revealed that B.cepacia PRIo8 has the potential to be used as an agricultur-al biocontrol agent and plant growth-promoting bacterium.Key words:Pythium m yriotylum;endophyte;Burkholderia bacteria;biological control伯克氏菌对群结腐霉引起的花生果腐病的生防潜力于静，宋新颖，李莹，何康，郭志青，许曼琳，张（山东省花生研究所，山东青岛2 6 6 10 0）摘要：花生果腐病是一种世界性的花生病害,群结腐霉是其主要致病菌之一,在花生生产过程中造成重大经济损失,生物防治是一种有效的绿色防控手段。为了控制花生果腐病的发生，从健康的花生植株上分离获得39株内生细菌，并筛选出5株对群结腐霉菌具有明显拮抗活性的菌株。结果表明,基于16 S核糖体RNA序列和RecA序列，有5个菌株均被鉴定为洋葱伯克霍尔德菌（Bu r k h o l d e r i a c e p a c i a）,其中，菌株PRI08对群结腐霉菌菌丝生长显示出较强的拮抗活性。通过温室和田间试验，接种洋葱伯克霍尔德菌PRI08后，再用群结腐霉侵染花生植株，发病率分别降低了2 9.5%和11.8 3%。此外，洋葱伯克霍尔德菌PRI08对花生有明显的促生作用，增加主茎高、侧枝长、荚果数量、饱果率和荚果产量，分别为2 0.44%，19.98%，2 6.6 1%，2 0.36%和2 1.52%。本研究表明,洋葱伯克霍尔德菌PRI08具有作为花生果腐病生物防治剂和花生生长促进菌的潜力。关键词：群结腐霉；内生菌；伯克氏菌；生物防治中图分类号：S435.652；S48 2.2+8霞*，迟玉成*文献标志码：A收稿日期：2 0 2 3-0 2-2 3基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（32 2 0 2 32 6）；山东省自然科学基金项目（ZR2020QC131）作者简介：于静（198 7 一），女，山东莱阳人，山东省花生研究所助理研究员，博士，主要从事花生病害生物防治研究。*通信作者：张霞，副研究员，博士，主要从事植物病理学研究。E-mail：z h a n g x i a 2 2 59 12 6.c o m迟玉成，研究员，博士，主要从事花生病害绿色防控方面研究。E-mail：8 7 6 2 6 6 8 1 16 3.c o mYU Jing,et al:Biocontrol Potentiality of Endophytic Burkholderia cepacia2期against Peanut Pod Rot Caused by Pythium m yriotylumPeanut（A r a c h i s h y p o g a e a L.)i s a n i m p o r t a n tfood crop with high levels of proteins,carbohy-drates,vitamins and minerals contained within theseeds.Peanut pod rot is the most important fungaldisease affecting peanut production worldwide.Thedisease is widespread among peanut growing areasand results in yield losses ranging from 5%to50%(2-3.The phytopathogen primarily infects peanutpods and kernels,producing brown to black coloration,with pod rot and eventual pod loss.Pythium myrioty-lum is the most frequently identified pathogen species.Managing pod rot is difficult,in part because of thepathogens wide host rangels)and limited cultivar resist-ancel6-.Although using resistant cultivars is the mosteconomical and effective means for controlling the dis-ease,the lack of peanut germplasms that are immuneor highly resistant to this pathogen has resulted in limit-ed breeding progress.To date,no commercial peanutcultivar has showed complete resistance to the disease.The fungicides metalaxyl,mefenoxam and azoxystrobinare typically applied during the season to manage podrotl6.9,In most areas of the world,efforts are currentlyfocused on the adoption of measures to reduce the use offungicides in agriculture,leading to the implementationof sustainable practices.Biocontrol is a promising alter-native for controlling soil-borne diseases in sustainableand organic agriculture.A number of biocontrol fungi,such as Trichoderma asperellum in cocoyam(Xantho-soma sagitifolium)10,Trichoderma hareianum in to-bacco,Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cocoyamil andin Zingiber officinalelal are able to significantly pre-vent and control P.myriotylum.Endophytic bacteria colonize the internal tissues oftheir host plants and promote growth,stress toleranceand nutrient uptake,while protecting plants from soil-borne pathogens 1+1.If these endophytes are reintro-duced during the endophytic stage,a more stable rela-tionship may be established between plant-beneficial en-dophytic bacteria and plants than between rhizosphericor epiphytic bacteria and plants.Endophytes with theliving symbiotically in plant tissues,such as mycorrhizalfungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria,also mutually cooper-ate by synthesizing biologically active compounds and pro-viding nutrients for the survival and proliferation of theirpartner organisml16.These synergistic relat