水流速度及冲洗时长对口腔综合治疗台水路细菌数的影响_刘英奇.pdf

水流速度及冲洗时长对口腔综合治疗台水路细菌数的影响刘英奇高庆玲陈庆勇张晶基金项目:河北省卫生健康委员会科研基金项目(编号:20200471)作者单位:056000河北邯郸邯郸市中心医院口腔科通信作者:高庆玲，yygzgql qq com 摘要 目的探讨水流速度及冲洗时长对口腔综合治疗台水路细菌数的影响。方法选择 2021 年 1 月至 2022 年 1 月河北邯郸市中心医院口腔科口腔综合治疗台(DCU)椅位数 20 台为调查对象，使用无菌试管及无菌吸管采集三用枪水、高速手机水、漱口水水样，连续取样 6 周，共获取漱口水取样 120 份、三用枪水取样 240 份(不同水流速度及不同水流量各 120 份)、高速手机水开诊前取样 240 份(不同水流速度及不同水流量各 120 份)、高速手机水诊间取样 240 份(常规水速和最高水速各 120 份)，检测并分析三用枪水、高速手机水、漱口水出水管细菌污染情况。比较开诊前 DCU 漱口水不同冲水段(第 1 杯、第 2 杯、第 3 杯、第 4 杯)的细菌数、三用枪水不同冲洗时长(5 s、10 s、20 s、30 s 及 40 s)、冲水量(2 mL、4 mL、6 mL、8 mL 及 10 mL)的细菌数;比较高速手机水开诊前与诊疗时段不同冲洗时长(5 s、10 s、20 s、30 s、40 s、50 s 及60 s)、冲水量(2 mL、4 mL、6 mL、8 mL 及10 mL)的细菌数。结果开诊前，第 4 杯 DCU 漱口水细菌数合格率高于第 1 杯、第 2 杯水，差异有统计学意义(P 0 05);三用枪水冲洗 40 s 细菌数检测合格率高于冲洗 5 s、冲洗 8 mL 和 10 mL 时细菌数检测合格率高于冲水 2 mL，差异有统计学意义(P 0 05);高速手机水冲洗180 s菌数检测合格率高于冲洗 30 s，冲洗 10 mL 菌数检测合格率高于冲洗 2 mL，差异有统计学意义(P 0 05)。诊间，高速手机水常规水速冲洗 60 s、50 s 菌数检测合格率高于冲洗 5 s、最高水速冲洗 60 s、50 s、40 s 菌数检测合格率高于冲洗 5 s，差异有统计学意义(P 0 05)。结论DCU 各水路水流速度的适当增加及冲洗时长的适当延长，有助于降低 DCU 水路污染。关键词 口腔综合治疗台;水流速度;冲洗时长;冲水量;细菌数doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000 0399.2023.03.007Influence of water flow velocity and flushing duration on number of bacteria in waterways of oral comprehensive treatment tableLIU Yingqi，GAO Qingling，CHEN Qingyong，ZHANG JingDepartment of Stomatology，Handan Central Hospital，Handan 056000，ChinaFunding project:Scientific esearch Fund of Health Commission of Hebei Province(No 20200471)Corresponding author:GAO Qingling，yygzgql qq com Abstract ObjectiveTo explore the influence of water flow rate and flushing duration on the number of bacteria in the waterways ofthe oral comprehensive treatment table MethodsThe oral cavity comprehensive treatment unit(DCU)of the Stomatology Department of Han-dan Central Hospital in Hebei Province was selected as the survey object，with a total of 20 chairs Samples of three use gun water，high speed mobile phone water and mouthwash water were collected using sterile test tubes and sterile straws Samples were taken for six consecu-tive weeks A total of 120 samples of mouthwash，240 samples of three use gun water(120 for different water velocities and flows)，240 sam-ples of high speed mobile phone water before diagnosis(120 for different water velocities and flows)and 240 samples of high speed mo-bile phone water during treatment were obtained(120 for normal water speed and 120 for maximum water speed)，and the bacterial contami-nation of three use gun water，high speed mobile phone water and mouthwash outlet pipes was detected and analyzed Comparison was madeon the number of bacteria in different flushing intervals(0 20 mL，21 40 mL，41 60 mL，61 80 mL)of DCU mouthwash，the numberof bacteria in different flushing periods(5，10 s，20 s，30 s and 40 s)of three use gun water，and the amount of bacteria in flushing(2 mL，4 mL，6 mL，8 mL and 10 mL)before diagnosis The number of bacteria in different flushing time(5 s，10 s，20 s，30 s，40 s，50 s and 60 s)and flushing volume(2 mL，4 mL，6 mL，8 mL and 10 mL)of high speed mobile phone water before diagnosis and treat-ment were compared esultsBefore the diagnosis，the qualified rate of bacteria count in DCU mouthwash with 61 80 mL flushing volumewas higher than that in 0 20 mL and 21 40 mL flushing volume，with statistically significant difference(P 0 05)The qualified rate ofbacterial count detection after 40 seconds of rinsing with three gun water was higher than that after 5 seconds of rinsing，and the qualified rateof bacterial count detection after 8 mL and 10 mL of rinsing was higher than that after 2 mL of rinsing，with statistically significant difference(P 0 05)The qualified rate of bacteria count detection after 180 s of high speed mobile phone water washing was higher than that after30 s of washing，and the qualified rate of bacteria count detection after 10 mL of washing was higher than that after 2 mL of washing，with sta-972第 44 卷第 3 期安徽医学2023 年 3 月Anhui Medical Journaltistically significant difference(P 0 05)In the clinic，the qualified rate of bacteria count detection in 60 s and 50 s of high speed mo-bile phone water washing with conventional water speed was higher than that in 5 s of washing，and the qualified rate of bacteria count detec-tion in 60 s，50 s and 40 s of maximum water speed was higher than that in 5 s of washing，with statistically significant difference(P 0 05)ConclusionsThe increase of water flow speed and flushing duration of DCU waterways helps to improve the qualification rate ofbacteria detection in waterways and reduce the pollution of DCU waterways Key words Oral comprehensive treatment table;Flow velocity;Flushing duration;Flushing volume;Number of bacteria口腔综合治疗台(dental chair unit，DCU)水路污染是口腔诊疗机构中普遍存在且不容忽视的问题1 3。DCU 水路污染主要包括诊疗用水水源的污染、高速手机使用过程中的回吸造成的水污染和高速手机管道内壁形成生物膜所引起的污染4 5。相关研究6 提出，DCU 水路细菌数检测中水源水、漱口水、三用枪水和高速手机水的检测合格率仅为 57 1%，低于国家生活饮用水卫生标准7。有研究8 9 发现，DCU 开诊前未进行定期消毒或放水冲洗三用枪、高速手机等因素是造成水路污染的危险因素。目前，国内部分研究6，8 认为 DCU 水路管道狭长迂回、难以清洗是造成 DCU 水路污染的主要原因，而定期使用消毒剂清洗 DCU 水路管道对降低 DCU 水路管道污染具有积极的作用。为此，笔者选择本院 20 台 DCU 为研究对象，比较 20 台 DCU 中漱口水、三用枪水、高速手机水不同冲水段、不同冲洗时长及不同冲水量细菌数