·68·唐山地区村镇民居存在的常见问题与解决方法于瑾佳(河北能源职业技术学院,河北唐山063004)摘要:在历次大地震中,农村房屋的倒塌数量都远远超过城市建筑,造成人员和财产的巨大损失。村镇自建房住宅的抗震能力是一个值得关注的问题。课题组成员通过对唐山地区村镇房屋尤其是农民自建房施工质量的走访和调研,集中了解目前村镇房屋的建设与发展状况,重点解决农民自建房在施工过程中抗震构造措施的落实情况以及老旧住房加固存在的问题并提出合理化的解决方法和建议,减少农民自建房在地震中的损失,不再让农民自建房在每次地震中都成为悲剧。关键词:农村民居;抗震措施;防震减灾中图分类号:TU241.5文献标识码:A文章编号:1671-3974(2023)01-0068-04TheCommonProblemsandSolutionsofVillageandTownHousesinTangshanAreaYuJinjia(HebeiEnergyCollegeofVocationandTechnology,TangshanHebei063004,China)Abstract:Inthepastearthquakes,thenumberofcollapsesinruralhousesfarexceededurbanbuildings,causinghugelossesofpersonnelandproperty.Theearthquakeresistancecapacityofvillageandtownself-builthousesisworthyofattention.ByvisitingandinvestigatingtheconstructionqualityofruralhousesinTangshanarea,especiallyfarmers'self-builthouses,themembersoftheresearchgroupfocusedonunderstandingthecurrentconstructionanddevelopmentofruralhouses,focusingontheimplementationofanti-seismicstructuralmeasuresintheconstructionprocessoffarmers'self-builthousesandtheproblemsexistinginthereinforcementofoldhouses,andputforwardreasonablesolutionsandsuggestions,toreducethelossesoffarmers'self-builthousesintheearthquake,nolongerletfarmers'self-builthousesbecomeatragedyineveryearthquake.Keywords:ruralhouse;anti-seismicmeasures;earthquakepreventionanddisasterreduction我国幅员辽阔,村镇地区面积大、人口多,1976年河北唐山地震造成约322万间房屋倒塌。村镇房屋尤其是农民自建房质量低、施工技术落后,很多房屋明显年久失修,不翻建、不加固凑合使用的情况很多,在防震减灾中存在的问题更多。我国《建筑法》第八十三条规定:“抢险救灾及其他临时性房屋建筑和农民自建低层住宅的建筑活动,不适用本法”。《建设工程质量管理条例》中也有类似规定。原建设部2006年发布的《关于加强农民住房建设技术服...