饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育...消化率和血清生化指标的影响_杨乾龙.pdf

第 32 卷第 2 期Vol.32，No.2148-1592023 年 2 月草业学报ACTA PRATACULTURAE SINICA杨乾龙，魏倩倩，赵德辉，等.饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育成期梅花鹿生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响.草业学报，2023，32（2）：148159.YANG Qian-long，WEI Qian-qian，ZHAO De-hui，et al.Effects of dietary rumen-protected cysteine on growth performance，nutrient apparentdigestibility and serum biochemical indexes of sika deer during weight gain.Acta Prataculturae Sinica，2023，32（2）：148159.饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育成期梅花鹿生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响杨乾龙1，魏倩倩1，赵德辉1，2，郭肖兰1，张铁涛1，王晓旭1，鲍坤1，王凯英1*（1.中国农业科学院特产研究所，吉林 长春 130112；2.河北科技师范学院动物科技学院，河北 秦皇岛 066004）摘要：本试验旨在研究饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育成期梅花鹿生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响。采用单因素随机区组试验设计，将 12头 7月龄雄性梅花鹿仔鹿分为 4组（每组 3个重复，每个重复 1只），组间体重差异不显著。对照组（组）饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别饲喂额外添加 1.25（组）、2.50（组）和 5.00 g kg-1（组）过瘤胃半胱氨酸（有效成分 51.70%）的试验饲粮。试验预饲期 15 d，正试期 112 d。结果表明，1）与组相比，添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸组总增重和平均日增重显著提高（P0.05），组料重比显著降低（P0.05）；2）与组相比，添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸各组粗蛋白质、钙和磷表观消化率显著提高（P0.05），组干物质和有机物表观消化率显著提高（P0.05）；3）与组相比，添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸组和组甘氨酸表观消化率显著提高（P0.05），各组半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸、丝氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、精氨酸、苯丙氨酸、组氨酸、天冬氨酸、酪氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸和脯氨酸表观消化率显著提高（P0.05）；4）与组相比，添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸组总蛋白含量显著提高（P0.05）；5）与组相比，添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸组过氧化氢酶活力显著提高（P0.05），各组丙二醛含量显著降低（P0.05）；6）与组相比，添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸组血清半胱氨酸浓度显著降低（P0.05），组血清牛磺酸、丝氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸浓度显著提高（P0.05）。饲粮中添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸显著提高育成期梅花鹿总增重和平均日增重，显著降低料重比，显著提高粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、钙、磷、有机物、干物质和氨基酸表观消化率，显著提高血清总蛋白含量和机体抗氧化功能，显著提高血清牛磺酸、丝氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸浓度，显著降低血清半胱氨酸浓度。本试验条件下过瘤胃半胱氨酸适宜添加量为 2.50 g kg-1，有效添加量为 1.29 g kg-1。关键词：过瘤胃半胱氨酸；梅花鹿；生长性能；营养物质表观消化率；血清生化指标Effects of dietary rumen-protected cysteine on growth performance，nutrientapparent digestibility and serum biochemical indexes of sika deer during weightgainYANG Qian-long1，WEI Qian-qian1，ZHAO De-hui1，2，GUO Xiao-lan1，ZHANG Tie-tao1，WANG Xiao-xu1，BAO Kun1，WANG Kai-ying1*1.Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Changchun 130112，China；2.Collegeof Animal Science and Technology，Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology，Qinhuangdao 066004，ChinaDOI：10.11686/cyxb2022053http：/收稿日期：2022-01-29；改回日期：2022-04-28基金项目：中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目（CAAS-ASTIP-2021-ISAPS），创新工程专项计划（2060302-21-2021101）和吉林省科技攻关计划（20170204041NY）资助。作者简介：杨乾龙（1994-），男，河南商丘人，在读硕士。E-mail：QianlongY 通信作者 Corresponding author.E-mail：第 32 卷第 2 期草业学报 2023 年Abstract：This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary rumen-protected cysteine（RPCys）ongrowth performance，nutrient apparent digestibility and serum indexes of sika deer during weight gain.A singlefactor experimental design was adopted.Twelve 7-month-old healthy sika deer were divided into 4 groups with 3replicates per group and 1 deer per replicate.There was no significant difference in body weight between groups（33.630.73 kg）at the start of the experiment.The control group（Group）was fed a basal diet，and theexperimental groups were the fed basal diet supplemented with RPCys（active ingredient 51.70%）at 1.25（Group），2.50（Group）and 5.00 g kg1（Group）.Following a pre-trial period of 15 days，the trial period lastedfor 112 days.It was found that，compared to Group：1）Dietary RPCys significantly increased total weight gainand average daily gain of Group（P0.05）and significantly increased the feed conversion efficiency in this group（P0.05）.2）Dietary RPCys significantly increased the apparent digestibility of crude protein，calcium andphosphorus of all groups（P0.05），and significantly increased the apparent digestibility of dry matter and organicmatter of Group（P0.05）.3）Dietary RPCys significantly increased the apparent digestibility of glycine inGroup and Group（P0.05），and significantly increased the apparent digestibility of cysteine，methionine，serine，lysine，threonine，valine，isoleucine，leucine，arginine，phenylalanine，histidine，aspartic acid，tyrosine，glutamate，alanine and proline of all groups（P0.05）.4）Dietary RPCys significantly increased the total proteincontent in Group（P0.05）.5）Dietary RPCys significantly increased the catalase activity in Group（P0.05），and significantly reduced the malondialdehyde content of all groups（P0.05）.6）Dietary RPCyssignificantly reduced serum cysteine concentration of Group（P0.05），and significantly increased concentrationof taurine，serine，aspartic acid and glutamic acid of Group（P0.05）.In summary，dietary RPCys significantlyincreased the total gain，average daily gain and feed conversion efficiency of sika deer during weight gain，significantly increased the apparent digestibility of crude protein，crude ether extract，calcium，phosphorus，organicmatter，dry matter and amino acid，significantly increased serum total protein content and antioxidant function of thebody，significantly increased concentration of serum taurine，serine，aspartic acid and glutamic acid，and significantlyreducedserumcysteineconcentration.Undertheconditionsofthisexperiment，theappropriatedietarysupplementation level of RPCys was 2.50 g kg1，or 1.29 g kg1active ingredient.Key words：rumen-protected cysteine；sika deer；growth performance；nutrient apparent digestibility；serumbiochemical indexes梅花鹿是三宝之一，是我国畜牧业的重要组成部分，具有较高的药用价值、食用价值及观赏价值，其中鹿茸、鹿血、鹿鞭及鹿角等皆可入药，鹿肉中具有丰富的蛋白质和氨基酸等营养物质，老少皆宜食用。但梅花鹿产业相对常规禽畜产业发展滞后，缺乏完善的饲养标准及产业