新阶段化肥减量增效战略研究周卫，丁文成（中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业农村部植物营养与肥料重点实验室，北京100081）摘要:我国农业生产中化肥过量施用问题较为普遍，肥料利用率不高、资源浪费、环境污染等问题时有发生。“十三五”期间国家开展了化肥减量增效行动计划，取得了积极成效，在生产层面实现了化肥消费总量负增长，但化肥绿色增效的基础理论研究与技术创新不足，推广应用覆盖面不够，政策法规仍有待完善。当前我国化肥减量增效工作步入了全面攻坚期，本文调查分析了国际化肥减量增效的经验，总结了我国前期化肥减量增效工作取得的成效和存在问题，结合我国具体国情农情，以“精准、高效、绿色、智能”为指导原则，提出了新阶段全面推进化肥减量增效的战略导向和具体举措建议，为保障国家粮食安全和生态环境安全提供科技支撑。关键词:化肥零增长；化肥减量增效技术；高效施肥；绿色高效肥料；肥料监管StrategicresearchesofreducingfertilizeruseandincreasinguseefficiencyinChinaintheneweraZHOUWei,DINGWen-cheng(InstituteofAgriculturalResourcesandRegionalPlanning,ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences/KeyLaboratoryofPlantNutritionandFertilizer,MinistryofAgricultureandRuralAffairs,Beijing100081)Abstract:InChina’sagriculturalproduction,excessivefertilizationiscommon,fertilizeruseefficiencyisrelativelylow,withvaryingdegreeofresourcewasteandenvironmentalpollution.AseriesofactionplanshavebeenpromotedbytheChinesegovernmentforreducingchemicalfertilizeruseandimprovingtheuseefficiency,andbasicallyachievedthegoalof“theActionPlanforZeroGrowthinFertilizerUse”duringthe13thFive-YearPlanperiod.However,thetheoreticalresearchandtechnicalinnovationsarestillinsufficientfortheefficientandenvironment-friendlyapplicationofchemicalfertilizers.Hence,theextensionanddemonstrationofnewtechnologiesarefullyongoingacrossthewholecountry,andtherelativepoliciesandregulationsarestillevolving.Now,theactionoffertilizerreductionandefficiencyimprovementinChinahasenteredacriticalperiod.Comparedwiththesuccessfulinternationalexperiences,wesummarizedtheachievementsandgapsinpreviousworksonfertilizerreductionandefficiencyimprovementinChina.Followingth...
