doi:10.3963/j.issn.1674-6066.2023.01.015预制装配式楼梯在地铁暗挖车站安全出口中的应用研究赵彦迪(中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司,济南250000)摘要:暗挖车站因受周边环境、吊装作业条件等因素的制约,难以实现对车站主体及附属结构大规模预制拼装。但安全出口楼梯因具有相似的设计模数及较为开放的作业环境,使得此类部件进行预制式装配成为可能。同时,现浇楼梯构件自身模板及脚手架工程复杂,需反复拆装,与其他构件施工干扰影响严重。而装配式楼梯则可实现工厂化预制,待现场其他工序完成后进行拼装,从而提高施工效率。论文以青岛地铁1号线瑞金路站安全出口楼梯为例,讨论预制装配式楼梯在暗挖安全出口中的设计及应用情况。结果表明:相较于传统现浇式楼梯,预制装配式楼梯可提前制作完成,施工效率及外观质量相较于传统现浇楼梯都得到了显著提升。且预制装配式楼梯建造技术是绿色建筑、绿色施工的体现,符合当下所倡导的节能环保理念,具备推广应用至地铁同类型相关工程中的价值。关键词:暗挖车站;安全出口;施工干扰;预制装配;楼梯ResearchandApplicationofPrefabricatedStairsinTheEmergencyExitofUndergroundExcavationStationZHAOYan-di(ChinaRailwayEngineeringDesignandConsultingGroupCo,Ltd,Jinan250000,China)Abstract:Restrictedbythesurroundingenvironment,hoistingoperationconditionsandotherfactors,itisdifficulttorealizelarge-scaleprefabricationandassemblyofthemainbodyandauxiliarystructuresoftheundergroundexcavationstation.Duetothesimilardesignmodulusandrelativelyopenworkingenvironment,theprefabricatedassemblyofsuchcomponentsispossible.Theformworkandscaffoldofcast-in-placestaircomponentsarecomplexandneedtobedisas-sembledrepeatedly,whichhasaseriousimpactontheconstructioninterferencewithothercomponents.Theprefabrica-tedstairscanbeprefabricatedinfactoryandassembledafterthecompletionofotheron-siteprocesses,soastoimprovetheconstructionefficiency.TakingtheemergencyexitstairsofRuijinRoadStationofQingdaoMetroLine1asanex-ample,thispaperdiscussesthedesignandapplicationofprefabricatedstairsinundergroundexcavationemergencyex-its.Theresultsshowthatcomparedwiththetraditionalcast-in-placestairs,theprefabricatedstairscanbecompletedinadvance,andtheconstructionefficiencyand...
